Search results

This reduction is relative to their annual emissions in a base year, usually 1990.
Data source and results In this article, we focus on the period from 1960 to 2010 in France.
To study how the five factors affect the emission ,according to the changing tendency of emission amount and energy structure, we divide it into five shorter periods, 1960-1970, 1970-1980, 1980-1988, 1988-2000 and 2000-2010.The source of all data is the database of World Bank, except emission amounts in the year 2009 and 2010 are from RAC-F website.
During 40 years, reduction of emission depends rarely on alternative and nuclear energy, and nuclear energy took almost the whole part.
If France cannot change their energy structure effectively, reduction of nuclear energy will cause another disaster of emission.

It’s the inevitable trend of industry transformation towards a low carbon economy, and it’s at the core of energy saving and emissions reduction in the short term.
At the Copenhagen Conference, all parties had disputes of energy conservation and emissions reduction.
China made promises about energy conservation and emissions reduction, and promises about controlling the level of exhaust gas emission.
This information presents us with yet another problem, because the heavy chemical industry’s energy consumption is at complete cross purposes to the promotion of energy saving and emission reductions in a low carbon economy.
Of course, we should also create a better environment for innovation, as well as evaluate objectively the existing condition and the basic data of low carbon technology, so we can discover the distinctive difficulties and restraints in embracing low carbon technology innovation.

The reductions of the peak responses can reach as high as 65% if the actuator is properly chosen.
An AMD system normally comprises of an actuator (either hydraulic or electric type), a servo-control system, a mass block, vibration sensors and a data acquisition system.
The reductions of the peak responses can reach as high as 65% if the actuator is properly chosen.
The roof displacement history without introduction of the actuator’s dynamic model are illustrated in Fig. 4, where large reductions of 78% in roof displacement have been achieved.
Without introduction of the actuator’s dynamic model, the reductions of the peak acceleration response and the peak displacement response could reach as high as 65% and 78% respectively.

Formation of oxide layer was accompanied by a reduction in hardness.
Since the reduction of the lattice parameter renders a close stacking of the atoms, it is suggested that Hf addition tended to form relatively dense coating structure.
Effect of oxidation time on the normalized weight gain data of the examined coatings.
However, in previous studies [10-11] higher mass gain of ternary coatings during oxidation was attributed to the reduction of the activation energy due to the alloying element present in the ternary coating Fig. 5 shows the variation of hardness of the coatings with respect to oxidation time.
Oxidation of binary ZrN and ternary (Zr, Hf)N coatings resulted in a reduction in hardness.

The improvement of the contacts was associated with a reduction of the Schottky barrier height from 1.07 eV (Ar annealing) to 0.71 eV (N2/O2 annealing), as determined by the temperature dependence of the rc.
Thermoionic Field Emission (TFE) [11] was the model giving the best fit of the data, from which the carrier concentration NA and the barrier height FB of the metal/p-GaN contact could be determined. [9].
However, a significant reduction of the Schottky barrier height was found, from 1.07 eV (Ar annealing) to 0.71 eV (N2/O2 annealing).
Electrical measurements confirmed a beneficial effect of an oxidizing ambient on the reduction of the specific constant resistance.
However, while the carrier concentration below the interface was not significantly affected by the thermal annealing, the improvement of the electrical characteristics was attributed to the reduction of the Schottky barrier height from 1.07 eV (Ar) to 0.71 eV (N2/O2), due to a different interfacial microstructure.

In this scheme, for more reduction of vibration, a balance device for single shaft is designed for machine, and find out reasonable installation place by optimization method such that the impact of additional torque, arising from the balance of single shaft, to vibration of whole machine may be reduced to min level to realize balance optimization of the machine.
Now, we are considering single shaft balance to reduce the impact from unbalance of the machine and find out jointed force location for installation of balance shaft by means of optimum method to realize reduction of additional torque arising from single shaft balance such that this coupling balance method in this article may be of wider application value.
We hereby renew to design the balance of the original engine to coincide balance weight center with cylinder central line resulting in improvement of balance effect of original engine and reduction of horizontal exciting force.
Concluding from above analysis, we had realized the reduction to horizontal exciting vibration with completion of design improvement of balance weight of original weight[5,6,7].
The max value of horizontal exiting vibration force is 235N after fixing single shaft balance, by comparison, that of original engine is reduced to the level of 70.1% no obvious difference with data of mere improvement of balance weight.

Fig. 9 the hardware structure of the system, mainly through a variety of sensors to complete data acquisition field physical quantity, after signal conditioning into the data acquisition card, and computer communication, real-time transmission of data information.
Test system monitor the working state of the centrifugal pump according to the received instruction, automatic control and test flow, and data collection and real-time display of corresponding parameters and curves, after completion of test data analysis and processing, the output of the corresponding test reports and curves.
Flow control part of the hardware is mainly composed of computer, data acquisition card, servo amplifier, actuator and electric control valve.
After conversion, curve fitting of different flow point of the VC data using the least squares curve fitting module, get the pump performance curve and curve.
The performance experiment of centrifugal pump in accordance with the national standard, the stability of centrifugal pump parameters in the GB of time, collecting 15 flow point data, and in each of the flow data of 9 groups of data averaging, fitting of the centrifugal pump performance curve is shown in figure 11.

To avoid the resonance of loaded drum during operation, the topological optimization analysis of drum with I-shaped structure was fulfilled with the element density as variables and the volume reduction of fifty percent as constraint condition and the first natural frequency as objective function.
Design of High-speed Tire Test-bed According to the test requirements for tire safety performance analysis, a tire test-bed was put forward and composed of test-bed control module, mechanical drive module and data acquisition module.
Fig.2 Design Method of Drum Structure Topology Optimization of Drum Structure The compliance of optimized object was minimized within set size reduction, namely, its stiffness was maximized.
The drum structure was topologically optimized using ANSYS with the element density as design variable, the first natural frequency as target function, the size reduction of fifty percent as constraint function and convergence equal to 0.001.
The drum structure with I-shape was analyzed with the element density as variable and volume reduction of fifty percent as constraint condition and the first natural frequency as objective function.

E-mail: sd471216@yahoo.com.tw Keywords: Data envelopment analysis; Efficiency; Life Insurance Industry Abstract.
This study sourced the 2010 data of 25 Taiwanese life insurance companies, and conducted data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate their operating efficiencies.
The data are sourced from 25 insurance companies in 2010.
Two-stage evaluation of bank branch efficiency using data envelopment analysis.
Efficiency measurement using independent component analysis and data envelopment analysis.

In fact the sharp tips Fe intermetallics which have needle shape act as stress raisers with a general reduction of the ductility and ultimate tensile strength.
Charpy impact testing was thus chosen for use in this study while this particular test has always been found to be extremely susceptible to the addition of alloying elements and to silicon morphology [6], despite the fact that data on impact properties is comparatively rare for these alloys.
The sharp tips Fe intermetallics which have needle shape act as stress raisers with a general reduction of the ductility and ultimate tensile strength.
The mechanisms of this increase in fracture energy are listed below; 1) In fact the sharp tips Fe intermetallics which have needle shape act as stress raisers with a general reduction of the ductility and ultimate tensile strength. 2) On the other hand increasing the Cr content in the base alloy, the size distribution of the compounds becomes more spread. 3) Therefore addition of Cr improves toughness impact by two mechanisms.