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Remelters produce wrought alloys, usually in the form of extrusion billets and rolling ingots, from mainly clean and sorted wrought alloy scraps; on the other hand, refiners are able to add alloying elements and to remove some undesired elements after the melting process, so producing foundry alloys from lower quality scrap.
Fluxing has to be considered in case of low quality scrap; this consists on the addition of chemical compounds to cover the molten bath avoiding new oxidation, separating the oxide layer from the melt and growing metallic Al droplets in the oxide layer and taking them into the liquid metal.
The flux composition and the effects of different compounds are largely studied [3].
This uncertainty is reduced with scrap as turnings and UBCs where only few and known alloys are present.
Espinosa, Effect of salt/oxide interaction on the process of aluminum recycling, Journal of Light Metals 2 (2002) 89-93

We perform atomistic simulations aimed on study of diffusion of constituents and niobium precipitation in hcp Zr-Nb.
Abe, Investigation on microstructural evolution and hardening mechanism in dilute Zr-Nb binary alloys, Journal of Nuclear Materials 481 (2016) 117-124
Khatamian, Solubility and partitioning of hydrogen in metastable Zr-based alloys used in the nuclear industry, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 293–295 (1999) 893–899
Allen, Assessment of radiation-induced segregation mechanisms in austenitic and ferritic–martensitic alloys, Journal of Nuclear Materials 411 (2011) 41-50
Domain, Ab initio modelling of defect properties with substitutional and interstitials elements in steels and Zr alloys, Journal of Nuclear Materials 351 (2006) 1–19

J. of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 678 (2016), p. 12-17 [5] C.
Journal of Applied Physics.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 728, 1023-9 (2017) [12] Z.
Journal of Applied Physics.
Yamanaka, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 350(1-2) (2003), p. 292-295 [35] K.

Also, with an increase in the number of rare-earth metals in an aluminum alloy, the number and size of intermetallic compounds increases with the classical methods of preparing the ingot, which negatively affects all the properties of the wire.
Annealing the wire in 4 modes does not lead to visible changes in the size and shape of the particles of intermetallic compounds.
Wang, Mechanisms for Ce-induced remarkable improvement of conductivity in Al alloys, Journal of Materials Research. 32, 3 (2017) 566-574
Nikiforov, Comparative analysis of properties of wires from alloys of Al-REM system, obtained using the methods of continuous extrusion, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT). 8, 2S2 (2019) 300-304
Rudnitskiy, Developing technology obtaining wire from high alloyed alloys Al-REM system using the methods of combined treatment, Journal of Siberian Federal University, Engineering & Technologies. 8, 1 (2015) 61-65.

These alloys in the nearest future may be a serious competitor to nickel-based superalloys, as titanium aluminides are lighter, do not require expensive and scarce elements for alloying [5-9].
At the same time, the phase composition of the precursors does not change, and no additional compounds have been identified.
Swadzba, The relationship between specific heat capacity and oxidation resistance of TiAl alloys, Journal of Achievements of Materials and Manufacturing Engineering. 21 (2007) 48-50
Interdiffusion between solid Al and Ti or Ti-Al alloys, Acta Metallurgica. 21(1) (1973) 61-71
Korchagin, Application of mechanical alloying and self-propagating synthesis for preparation of stable decagonal quasicrystals, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 368 (2004) 152-156

The aim is to form precipitates that do not coarsen at service temperatures, preferably as high as 300 °C.
Wang, Precipitates and tensile fracture mechanism in a sand cast A356 aluminum alloy, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 207 (2008) 46-52
Alloys Compd. 593 (2014) 290-299
Chen, Effect of Zr, V and Ti on hot compression behavior of the Al–Si cast alloy for powertrain applications, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 615 (2014) 1019–1031
Alloys Compd. 595 (2014) 67-79

In comparison with pure metals, alloys have a wider range of chemical and physicomechanical properties [18, 20].
A sharp increase in the rate of mass transfer at elevated (above 40 °C) temperatures indicates the possibility of a special mechanism of ion delivery in the presence of colloidal compounds.
Probably, due to hydrolysis, which intensifies at temperature, and in the process of alkalization of the near-cathode layer, a highly dispersed phase is formed, consisting of hydroxides and basic nickel compounds and colloidal compounds based on them, which are delivered by electrophoresis.
Jović, Electrodeposition and Characterization of Alloys and Composite Materials, in: S.
Popov (Eds), Electrodeposited Alloys and Multilayered Structuresp, Springer, Heidelberg, 2016, pp. 233-291

For industrial applications, the majority of these alloys are hypoeutectic alloys.
The hypereutectic alloys are more wear-resistant but less ductile than hypoeutectic alloys [25].
Warmuzek, Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys.
Puga, Ultrasonic melt processing in the low pressure investment casting of Al alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 244 (2017) 150–156
Ling, Microstructure and mechanical properties of hypo/ hyper-eutectic Al–Si alloys synthesized using a near-net shape forming technique, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 287 (1999) 284–294

This work concerns the study of the fatigue properties of A319, A 356 and A357 Aluminum alloys, produced by means of permament mould casting, sand casting and loast foam.
Regarding A319 samples metallographic analysis (Figure 4) has highlighted a microstrucure with big dendrite arm spacing together with the presence of big intermetallic compounds (Al5FeSi ad Al15Fe3Si2).
The microstructure of Al alloys in the different process conditions.
Conclusions The fatigue behaviour of different aluminium alloys castings for automotive applications has been investigated after T6 heat treatment.
Lee, The Effect of Hot Isostatic Pressing on Cast Aluminum, Journal of Material (November 1997), p. 38 [8] M.

These alloys in as-prepared state are characterized by thermal and temporal instability of physical properties.
Ternary Fe-Nb-B amorphous alloys belong to new group of magnetically soft alloys [1-7].
This phase is also present in annealed Fe-B based amorphous alloys [8-10].
Moreover metastable Fe3B phase is observed in Fe-Si-B and Fe-X-Si-B amorphous alloys as a result of crystallization process but generally is stable in narrower temperature range in this alloys.
Pająk: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 436 (2007), p.43 [7] Changling Yang, Feng Liu, Shitong Ren and Gencans Yang: J.