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Formation of oxide layer was accompanied by a reduction in hardness.
Since the reduction of the lattice parameter renders a close stacking of the atoms, it is suggested that Hf addition tended to form relatively dense coating structure.
Effect of oxidation time on the normalized weight gain data of the examined coatings.
However, in previous studies [10-11] higher mass gain of ternary coatings during oxidation was attributed to the reduction of the activation energy due to the alloying element present in the ternary coating Fig. 5 shows the variation of hardness of the coatings with respect to oxidation time.
Oxidation of binary ZrN and ternary (Zr, Hf)N coatings resulted in a reduction in hardness.

In this scheme, for more reduction of vibration, a balance device for single shaft is designed for machine, and find out reasonable installation place by optimization method such that the impact of additional torque, arising from the balance of single shaft, to vibration of whole machine may be reduced to min level to realize balance optimization of the machine.
Now, we are considering single shaft balance to reduce the impact from unbalance of the machine and find out jointed force location for installation of balance shaft by means of optimum method to realize reduction of additional torque arising from single shaft balance such that this coupling balance method in this article may be of wider application value.
We hereby renew to design the balance of the original engine to coincide balance weight center with cylinder central line resulting in improvement of balance effect of original engine and reduction of horizontal exciting force.
Concluding from above analysis, we had realized the reduction to horizontal exciting vibration with completion of design improvement of balance weight of original weight[5,6,7].
The max value of horizontal exiting vibration force is 235N after fixing single shaft balance, by comparison, that of original engine is reduced to the level of 70.1% no obvious difference with data of mere improvement of balance weight.

The improvement of the contacts was associated with a reduction of the Schottky barrier height from 1.07 eV (Ar annealing) to 0.71 eV (N2/O2 annealing), as determined by the temperature dependence of the rc.
Thermoionic Field Emission (TFE) [11] was the model giving the best fit of the data, from which the carrier concentration NA and the barrier height FB of the metal/p-GaN contact could be determined. [9].
However, a significant reduction of the Schottky barrier height was found, from 1.07 eV (Ar annealing) to 0.71 eV (N2/O2 annealing).
Electrical measurements confirmed a beneficial effect of an oxidizing ambient on the reduction of the specific constant resistance.
However, while the carrier concentration below the interface was not significantly affected by the thermal annealing, the improvement of the electrical characteristics was attributed to the reduction of the Schottky barrier height from 1.07 eV (Ar) to 0.71 eV (N2/O2), due to a different interfacial microstructure.

Results showed that Cd decreased the chlorophyll content of young leaves, accompanied by a significant shoot and root biomass reduction across all Cd treatments.
Data were tested for statistical significance using the software of SPSS for Windows.
It was suggested that Cd-induced reduction of SOD could be responsible for an inactivation of the enzyme by H2O2 produced in different compartments, where SOD catalyses the disproportionation of superoxide radicals.

Preparation of a Magnetic, Hydrophilic and Bacteria Attachable Ceramsite and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment Zhi-Fang ZHU1,a, Jian-Zhong ZHU1,b,*, Liang CHEN2,c, Jian-Biao CHEN3,d and Min JI1,e 1Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China 2Qinhuai River Adm, Nanjing,Jiangsu210010, Peoples R China 3Nantong Hydrographic Office Nantong,Jiangsu226000, China a873710641@qq.com, bzhuhhai2010@hhu.edu.cn, c987203352 @qq.com, d924901400@qq.com, e942548695@qq.com *Corresponding author Keywords: water retention, void fraction, magnetic powder, organic reduction rate Abstract.
And the performance of the modified ceramsite in the contact aeration bioreactors was compared with the packing which without magnetic powder, polyvinyl alcohol and amylum showed that the modified ceramsitethe had obviously advantages in terms of time it took for the reactors to attain the stable treatment, organic reduction rate and water retention.
Summary The present data has demonstrated that the optimal percentage, cement 15g, lime 8g, gypsum 2g, amylum 2g, expanded perlite 10g, polyvinyl alcohol 3g, magnetic powder 7g, sodium bicarbonate 5g, fly ash 45g and binder 10g respectively, can be used as components for production of the novel biological ceramsite with desired physical properties, the physical parametres were 49.72% for the void fraction, 21.96% for water retention.

System wise defects data were collected and the effect of the trend of these defects was investigated thoroughly.
v) Setup time reduction, where system engineers continuously try to reduce machine setup times.
The data of hydraulic pump run hour between overhaul was collected from the ten aircrafts assigned for this experimental study.
Accordingly it was implemented and the data of its outcome is stated below.
Conclusions Many industries followed these lean principles have been successful in achieving the benefits of increased customer and employee satisfaction, reduction of production times, minimizing inventories, less occurrence of defects and reduced operating costs.

At the same time, the economic development of Hebei Province is carried out investigation and analysis, the original data of Hebei Province economic development uses standard data method and normal distribution, to carry out standard processing.
each index factor is different, the system cannot use the original data to calculate, which need to standardized treatment.
In this paper, the original data of index system carries out processing, to use the method of standard data, the index value is according to the variance that is 1 for the development of low carbon economy in Hebei Province, Poisson normal distribution of expected value 0 carries out normalization.
, the processing data results are shown in table 3.
Developed carbon dioxide emission reduction of Chinese enlightenment and reference .

So, if the period of immersion increases one has a reduction in D and Da.
It is also obvious from the above data that the TMCs are generally superior to the CPJ control mortar in the resistance to Cl- ion penetration.
A linear relationship in the form of y = ax + b seems to be best fit data R2 value of more than 0.95.
Mix Flexural strength (MPa) 2 days 7 days 28 days 56 days 90 days 120 days TM0 4.53 (0.58) 4.94 (0.64) 7.7 8.2 (1.06) 8.54 (1.11) 8.94 (1.16) TM2 4.38 (0.58) 4.62 (0.61) 7.5 8.12 (1.08) 8.24 (1.10) 8.43 (1.12) TM4 3.8 (0.52) 4.35 (0.60) 7.23 7.91 (1.09) 8.04 (1.11) 8.18 (1.13) TM6 3.83 (0.53) 4.24 (0.60) 7.19 7.5 (1.04) 8.01 (1.11) 8.34 (1.16) (*) The data in parentheses are ratios of 28-day mechanical strength (Flexural).
(f) About 23.5% reductions in leached depth in NH4Cl solution.

The following parameters were determined: tensile strength (Rm), yield strength (R0.2), elongation (A5), and reduction of area after specimen fracture (Z).
Average values of the reduction of area after specimen fracture (Z) and of elongation (A5), plotted in function of the technological variant selected, are shown in Figure 3.
Data on the mechanical and thermal loads under which pistons are operating show that piston crown must withstand the stresses of approximately 80 MPa at the moment of the maximum load application.
These data indicate that overheating the alloy to a temperature of 920oC and holding at this temperature for 30 minutes (SP) as well as a combined process of overheating and modification with phosphorus (SPM) result in the smallest drop of the yield strength R0.2 at elevated temperatures (42%).
On the other hand, a growing tendency has been observed in the reduction of area and unit elongation after fracture (both at ambient temperature and at the of 250°C).

Modal vibration test data ,such as stuctural natural frequencies and mode shapes ,can characterize the state of the structure[1]and using them to determine global defects has been investigated[2,3].
If the linear analytical model were an exact match to the experimental data, the predicted frequency changes given by Eq.4 would be identical to the measured changes
So,we only consider the split mode with the lower frequency as it undergoes a greater frequency reduction, and, hence, is more sensitive to damage.
The damage will be introduced by subjecting a specific element to a homogeneous 25% reduction in the elastic moduli for the shell model.
It is found that the proposed approach gives good predictions of the absolute stiffness reduction with maximum errors less than 8%.