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However, the advancement in material science enables the development of carbon nanotubes (CNT).
Ltd, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
Chen, Viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluids containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes stabilized by chitosan, International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 50 (1)(2011) 12-18
Annamalai, An experimental study on the effect of ultrasonication on viscosity and heat transfer performance of multi-wall carbon nanotube-based aqueous nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 52 (21-22)(2009) 5090-5101
[5] K.Y.Leong, N.M.Hanafi, R.M.Sohaimi, N.H.Amer,The effect of surfactant on stability and thermal conductivity of carbon nanotube based nanofluids, Thermal Science (2014) doi: 10.2298/TSCI130914078L

Nan 2 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070,China, email:daiying@mail.whut.edu.cn 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, email: cwnan@tsinghua.edu.cn Keywords: AlN, Nanocrystalline, Platelets, Nitridation Abstract.
Introduction Aluminum nitride (AlN) is considered as a perspective material with many promising properties, such as, thermal conductivity, excellent dielectric properties, good thermal compatibility of AlN with silicon, high-temperature machinability, high mechanical strength and nonreactivity of AlN [1].
Experimental The starting materials used in this study were commercial aluminum powders and carbon black.
Acknowledgement The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50172006).
Nan: Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, Vol. 12 (1997), p. 53

Being a kind of dynamic nondestructive testing method, AE is highly sensitive to the crack of material and structure.
The stress concentration will lead to the deformation and even failure to the material of crack cusp.
Material of the roll is Mc5.
Roverts: Journal of Construction Steel Research, Vol. 59, (2010), No.6, p.695
Dani: Earth-Science Reviews, Vol. 112, (2012), No.3-4, p.97.

Özkal Dept. of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak 34469, Istanbul, Turkey Keywords: Mechanical Alloying, Mechanochemical Synthesis, WC, Attritor-Milling, Spex Milling Abstract.
Conventional processes employed in the fabrication of tungsten carbide (WC) materials involve carburization steps using hydrogen atmospheres at temperatures between 1400 and 1600 °C[8].
Williams, Materials Science Forum, 88-90, 787-794 (1992)
Matteazzi, Journal of Materials Science, 23, 4726-4731 (1990)
German, Powder Metallurgy Science, 2nd Edition, 1994, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A

China 2 Yueyang In-tech Synthetic Materials Co.
Experimental Materials.
Cyclohexanone-formaldehyde resin (CFR) was provided by Yueyang Intech Synthetic Materials Co.
Bromo-phenol blue, azodiisobutyronitrile, hydrochloric acid, 5A molecular sieve, methanol and the other materials were of analytical grade and obtained from the Kermel Reagent Co., Tianji, China.
Lee; C.Wang: Journal of Polymer Research.

Introduction Calcium sulfate whisker as an extremely fine single crystal filament of an inorganic compound has good mechanical properties, such as high tensile, high modulus and high Ductility.[1,2] A wide variety of materials[3-7] had been reinforced by using calcium sulfate wisher not only because of its good mechanical properties but also because of its low price.
Experimental Materials Potassium persulfate (KPS; Shanghai Chemical Reagent Co.) was recrystallized from deionized(DDI) water.
Acknowledgement Acknowledgements: The authors thank for financial support by Shanghai outstanding youth project foundation (gjd08003), Students Innovation foundation of Shanghai University of Engineering Science(cx0904005, cx1004003), Scientific Research Foundation of Shanghai University of Engineering Science(08-23) and Degussa company for the kindly gift.
Guan: Journal of Shenyang University of Chemical Techonology Vol. 23(2009), p235.
Jia: New Chemical Materials Vol. 29(2001), p1.

However, ceramics components may serve well in various media, even in non-lubrication media.[2-3] Tribological performance of sliding components depends on environmental conditions, sliding velocity, applied load, initial surface quality, lubrication condition, microstructure of the mated materials and other factors.
The bearings steels are made of M50 materials.
(a) 2.5N (b) 5N (c) 10N (d) 15N Fig. 4 The optical microscopes of Si3N4 under different loads Fig.5 showed that all the Si3N4 ceramics materials have transferred on the surface of M50 bearing steel, but the degree of transferred displayed huge dissimilarity.
The ceramics materials have transferred on the M50 bearing steel surface under high vacuum condition, the transferred layer of Si3N4/M50 was not discontinuous.
References [1]G.Laudisio and B.Seipel: Corrosion Science. 47 (2005), p.1666 [2]Koji Kato and Koshi Adachi: Wear. 253 (2002), p.1097 [3]M.J.O'Brien, N.Presser and E.Y.Robinson: Engineering Failure Analysis. 10 (2003), p.453 [4]D.Amutha Rani andY.Yoshizawa: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 24 (2004), p.3279

For example through the concrete cube compression test Zhang Linchun[1] studied the influence of mineral admixtures on the concrete compressive strength of fly ash concrete; Chen Zongping[2] by using waste concrete pole as recycled coarse aggregate raw materials, made up different coarse aggregate rate of substitution recycled aggregate concrete, analyzes the recycled aggregate concrete compressive strength; Similar research can be seen in paper [3-5].
Through the wall of the relative movement of specimens for loading, the specimen is the round particles gathered together by adhesive contact model of parallel, the parallel adhesive contact model can simulate the contact normal force, Shear force and Contact torque between particles, it is suitable for the simulation of rock and concrete materials, this is reflected in the literature [8-10].
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the project of Science and Technology Department of Henan Province of China (102102310448).
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering 2008, 27(9): 1828-1836
Materials Research Innovations. 2011, 15(Supplement 1): s508-s512.

Characterization of HA/Ta Composite Coatings Fabricated by Vacuum Plasma Spraying Liping Huang1,a, Youtao Xie1,b, Heng Ji1, Yi Zeng2, Xuebin Zheng1,c 1Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China 2 The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China aLipingHuang@mail.sic.ac.cn, bxieyoutao@mail.sic.ac.cn, cxbzheng@mail.sic.ac.cn Keywords: vacuum plasma spraying; composite coatings; bonding strength; bioactivity Abstract: Plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on titanium alloy substrates have been used extensively due to their excellent biocompatibility and osteoconductivity.
As a metallic material, Ta is also expected to play a role in enhancing the mechanical properties of HA coatings.
Experiments Materials and Preparation.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81071455, No. 51172264) References [1] Chang E, Chang WJ, Wang BC, Yang CY.
Journal of inorganic materials 2000;15(5):897-902

Effect of amorphous and nanocrystalline inoculant on microstructure and mechanical properties of high chromium cast iron Chuang He1,a, Chunxiang Cui1, b,*, Weidong Shi2,c, Qingxin Liu2,d, Lin Fang1,e 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China 2Tianjin Lixingsheng Advanced Casting co., Ltd.
Introduction High chromium cast iron has been a kind of wear resistant material for a long history.
Element C Si Mn Cr Mo Ni S P Content percent, Wt. % 2.92 0.81 0.81 18.24 0.14 0.17 0.041 0.037 Experimental The Fe-Si-B-Re alloy was melted in a 25 kg medium-frequency coreless induction furnace, with charge materials of Re-Si-Fe and Fe-B.
The high chromium cast iron samples were melted in a 750 kg medium-frequency coreless induction furnace, with charge materials of mild steel scrap, ferrochrome, ferromanganese, ferromolybdenum, ferrosilicon and foundry ingot.
Rao: Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University Vol.1 (1986), p.83 [4] N.