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MgF2 (n = 1.38) and SiO2 (n = 1.46) are employed as low refractive materials, while the prominent high refractive materials are TiO2 (n = 2.35-2.55), Ta2O5 (n = 2.17) and ZrO2 (n = 2.1).
Solar Energy Materials, 14(1986): 269-287
Westin, Antireflection coatings for solution-chemically derived nickel-alumina solar absorbers, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells, 84 (2004):183-191
Zhao, Optimization of Optical Properties of ZAO/metal/ZAO Multilayers, Materials Science and Engineering. 22(2004): 495-497
Zheng, Applied Film Optical, Shanghai science and technology press, Shanghai, 1984

Such structures can change the physical and chemical properties of materials, e.g., low-reflective surfaces, tribology, and biological applications [2].
Materials and Methods The ablation of mechanically polished titanium was performed in the air with a femtosecond fiber laser machining system (Figure 1a).
It can be seen that the ablated area is covered with protrusion nanostructures due to the rapid melting and solidification of materials.
Then, the ablation threshold of materials (Fth) can be determined by Eq.(6).
Chen, Micro-and Nano-Structuring of Materials via Ultrashort Pulsed Laser Ablation, Laser Ablation-From Fundamentals to Applications, IntechOpen2017

However green meetings require all the meeting involvers to reduce the consumption of different kinds of resources as well as various materials.
Recycling the rest but still available materials and resources to continue using them.
For example, The Climate Change and Sustainability Global Summit 2013 held in February in New York saved $10,000 by reducing bottle water, $37,000 by using electronic materials and mobile apps instead of paper materials and $20,000 by locating the meeting venue with walk distance from the hotels.
Journal of China Event.
Journal of Yunnan Electronic Power.

The Research on Rest Space of Campus in Landscape Design Yong Zhang Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China 191788284@qq.com Keywords: rest space, landscape building, cultural atmosphere Abstract: The colleges’ and universities’ campuses are places which function in teaching and living.
Meanwhile, they should make it as a miniature of campus material civilization, which in some degree reflects the cultural and spiritual connotation so as to design a campus environment of new era full of cultural atmosphere.
Introduction At current, the colleges’ and universities’ environments have integrated the material and spiritual culture.
Thus make the theory to be examined in practice and enable the students to grow up in internship, drive and inspire the healthy prosperity of material and spiritual civilization.
Nowadays, the teaching ideas in universities and colleges lay much emphasis on going steps and steps with the society, no matter in material or in psychological sides.

The low ductility of the as-cast AlSi10MnMg decreased material flow possibility.
The incompletely flowing the material along the tool’s flanks reduced the required pressure to press the material onto surface of thread profiles and therefore increased the flank roughness.
The incompletely flowing the material along the tool’s flanks reduced the required pressure to press the material and therefore increased the flanks roughness with increase in core hole diameter.
Biermann, Adapted process strategies in front face flow drilling and thread forming of lightweight casting materials, Procedia CIRP 103 (2021) 213–218
Pérez Pérez, Wear of form taps in threading of steel cold forged parts, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 137 (2015)

The Preparation of Highly Dispersed Pd/Gamma-Al2O3 Catalyst: The Relation of Attracting-Repelling Force and Pd Dispersion MiYeon Byun1,2,a, Ji Sun Kim1,b, Jeong-Wook Park3,c, Dae-Won Park2,d, Man Sig Lee1,e,* 1Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Ulsan 44413, South of Korea 2Department of Polymer Science and Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South of Korea 3R&D center, DR AXION Co.Ltd, Ulsan 44413, South of Korea amiyeon1067@kitech.re.kr, bjisunkim@kitech.re.kr, cmetforming@hanmail.net, ddwpark@pusan.ac.kr, elms5440@kitech.re.kr Keywords: Al2O3, Attracting-repelling force, Metal dispersion, Palladium (Pd) nanoparticle Abstract.
Experimental Details Materials The γ-Al2O3 (99.0% ≥, average particle size of 20 nm) and sodium formate (HCO2Na, ≥ 99.0%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar.
[2] Shaoyong Huang, Changbin Zhang, Hong He, Journal of Environmental Science 25 (2013) 1206-1212
[6] Ji Sun Kim, Jae Ho Beak, Seong-soo Hong, Man Sig Lee, Material Science Forum 804 (2015) 149-152
[11] Stephen Adegbite, Journal of Materials Science Research 2 (2013) 135-147

In the experimental research, the paper independently designed and built an annular pipe pneumatic conveying system with 90 degree bend and backward-facing step, including designing material screw feeder, material receiving hopper, pipeline, control system, data acquisition system, and etc.
Experimental rig and test material.
We used different granular materials to evaluate the influence of characteristic parameters on pressure drop.
The first granular material for the tests is gravel beads with density about 2730 kg m-3 and two average diameters of 0.4 mm and 2 mm.
[4] Taylor M K P, Whitelaw J H , Yianneskis M, Curved ducts with strong secondary motion: velocity measurements of developing laminar and turbulent flow, Journal of Fluids Engineering. 104(1982): 350- 359.

The traditional superplastic forming is used to realize the forming of complex shape parts by using the large deformation characteristics of metal materials in superplastic state.
New material industry. (2009)34-37
[2] Dunwoody B J, The production of automotive body panels in 5083 SPF aluminium alloy[C]// Materials Science Forum. (2001)59-64
British Phycological Journal. 357(2001)3-16
Materials Science & Engineering A. 342(2003)169-177

The sandwich core is made of a commercial thermoset SMP epoxy system, DP5.1, while Aluminum and steel are considered as the skin materials.
The critical buckling stress and strain of the metallic skins are much lower than the elastic ultimate values of the materials.
The results show that the compressed metallic skin is buckled at a very low packaging curvature, which is lower than the ultimate values of materials.
Vol. 4(3) (2002), p. 91 [3] A.Lendlein, R.Langer: Science.
Vol. 296 (2002), p. 1673 [4] D.Campbell, M.S.Lake, M.R.Scherbarth et al.: 46th Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Austin, Texas (2005) [5] M.Tupper, K.Gall, M.Mikulas: IEEE.

Introduction Composite materials found their inspiration in the nature where combination of rigid reinforcement and soft matrix is used to reach the desired balance of properties.
Materials and Methods Polyurethane casting resin GAFORM R30 based on polyol – component A and MDI (methylene diphenyl diisocyanatane) based pre-polymer hardener – component B was purchased from Dawex Chemical (Czech Republic).
Ritchie, Bioinspired structural materials, Nature Materials.14 (2014) 23-36
Biological materials: A materials science approach, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 4 (2011) 626-657
Fratzl, Skeleton of Euplectella sp: Structural Hierarchy from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale, Science. 309 (2005) 275-278