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Fig. 1 and Table 1 show drawing, prototype and specifications of gearbox (reduction gear) in independent wheel drive installed at 2nd and 3rd axles of the tram.
The aluminum alloy has been chosen as housing material to consider pressure-resistance, corrosion-resistance, processing, casting characteristics, weight-reduction, and etc. [1] Fig. 2 Motor-gearbox set in independent wheel drive of the tram Table 1 Specifications of the gearbox in independent wheel drive pinion gear (input) transmission output gear driven driving gear type 2-steps helical gear (reduction ratio : 14.42:1) input torque 420 Nm input speed 6,000 rpm number of teeth 16 63 25 92 module 5 tooth width 50 mm Table 2 Mechanical properties of the gearbox housing material tensile strength (N/mm2) elongation (%) hardness (HB) aluminum (AC4C-T6) more than 220 more than 2 75 Temperature Characteristics Measurement.
Figs. 4 and 5 show measured data (vehicle running speed, temperatures) in the gearboxes in 2nd axle while the tram was running in summer or winter season.
Conclusions On the basis of measured data, maximum temperatures occurred on housing surface and in lubricant of the gearbox were 60~80 degree in the allowable limit (about 100 degree).

This is consistent with other published data.
This is caused by fluid acceleration due to the reduction in flow area.
The staggered alignment gives further reductions in pressure due acceleration and separation from the tube walls.
The pressure drop in these tubes is caused by the reduction in flow area as the flow moves towards the minimum gap.
These values are chosen to best fit to the data, supported by the single-phase CFD simulations presented in this paper.

The data suggested that the anatase/rutile ratio of TiO2 can be controlled through the calcination process.
The phase transformation data strongly indicated the liner function between percentage of rutile phase and calcination temperature.
Both data strongly indicated that the percentage of rutile was increased linearly with the calcination temperature.
The data was associate with the XRD patterns results; the specific surface area was decreased by increasing the rutile percentage.
The phase transformation data strongly indicated the liner function between rutile phase percentage and calcination temperature.

These include stormwater management [1,2], improved water run-off quality [3], improved urban air quality [4], extension of roof life [5] and a reduction of the urban heat island effect [6].
The green roof, can increase the per capita amount of city green quantity rate, save land, improve the urban landscape, regulate the microclimate, improve air quality, and Relieve city heat island effect, extend building life, promote energy conservation and emission reduction,it have good aesthetic function, economic and social benefits, and good ecological benefits.
For example,in Tokyo law, it clearly prescribe that if the covering area of new buildings is more than 1000m2, the green roof ’s area must achieve 20%; Only when clearly decide the green roof’s area reached proportion, the building energy conservation and emission reduction can be significantly improved, and how green roof can reduce rainfall runoff features.
This paper discuss the funcation of green roof, which is how to improve ecological environment and the effect of energy saving and emission reduction,and gave some suggestions about how to do this.We also propose the estimate method for the cost of green roofs construction project and green roof’s economic value and ecological benefit, and puts forward related Suggestions.
Using the most recent data available for the service sector, it is possible to estimate the potential annual energy savings that retrofitting green roofs could provide.

The common carbon source used for reduction was coke and coal.
Computer programs were used to fit the measured (x-ray/neutron) diffraction pattern of the sample and performs cyclic calculations to minimize the difference between a given structure model and the experimental data. [9].
The morphology of ilmenite sand changed in the process of reduction.
Reduction of ilmenite in inert gases resulted in formation of coarse grains of metallic iron with a denser particle structure in comparison with reduction in hydrogen [12].
Li, “Carbothermal Solid State Reduction of Stable Metal Oxides,” steel Res.

After normalizing data,wefigured out ranges of synthetic parameters.
In order to obtain more accurate experimental signals, noise reduction is required.
Weighted Comprehensive Analysis Method Dimensions of the extracted characteristic parameters are not unified, which makes data analysis inconvenient, data processing is needed.
Distinction of duration and amplitude is relatively small, and the data is more dispersed.
Another group of experimental data for Verification: Table 4.

So, it’s very important to establish a clear urban carbon reduction target to research accumulation and assessment framework of carbon emissions data, also, it’s more important to establish a calculation model with high reliability of carbon emission used to evaluate the data.
This method sets high requirement and its data is highly representative.
If the representativeness and accuracy of data of sample cannot be guaranteed, the data finally got cannot stand for the actual carbon emissions. 2 Emission coefficient method This states the quantity ratio of unit product to pollution it discharges under common technical, economical and administrative conditions.
Constructing carbon offsets: The obstacles to quantifying emission reductions[J].

The device is intended to yield data for analysis of in vitro torquing and detorquing experiments, for fixation and removing of abutments in dental implants and implants in artificial bones.
The data showed a 15% to 48% change of the desired microtorque.
The data acquisition system is completed with the LabView® graphic and programming environment.
The mechanical driver, torque sensing and data acquisition area shown An Atmel AVR microcontroller was chosen as the stepper motor driver controller interfaced by a Schotky bridge.
The choice was made to provide torqueing data on two significantly different abutments systems.

Data preprocessing There is a case study.
There is no data missing phenomenon.
In addition, data smoothing check don’t find the existence of bad data.
Therefore, we say that data is in higher quality.
The data will be fitting as shown below.

Satisfactory, if not excellent, results were obtained from the collected experimental data.
With respect to the reference mixture the use of the GRP filler instead of LP caused a significant reduction of strength (about -15%).
Also the additions of either SRA or RCA partially replacing light expanded clay caused a slight reduction of strength (around -5%).
Morever, the addition of the defoamer was strongly positive in terms of tensile strength increase (+20%) due to the consequent reduction of voids caused by the lower entrapped air.
Also the use of GRP powder instead of LP showed a positive effect on drying shrinkage (reduction of about -15%).