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Online since: November 2017
Authors: Lei Song, Yuan Hu, Ying Pan
The fire resistance of SA/PEI-Ca sample was enhanced significantly compared with the pure sample, as evidenced by the obvious reduction (16%) of flame spread rate and complete char residue.
TGA data of the fabrics under air atmosphere.
Flammability data of the pure and coated polyester-cotton fabrics.
The flame spread rate of SA/PEI-Ca fabric exhibited 16% reduction compared with that of pure polyester-cotton.
TGA data of the fabrics under air atmosphere.
Flammability data of the pure and coated polyester-cotton fabrics.
The flame spread rate of SA/PEI-Ca fabric exhibited 16% reduction compared with that of pure polyester-cotton.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: Aleksandra A. Kuklina, Mikhail V. Maisuradze, Maxim A. Ryzhkov
The CCT diagram of the high strength D6AC steel was plotted using the dilatometer data, microstructure investigation, and hardness measurements.
The increase of the cooling rates up to 1 °C/s led to the reduction of the bainite amount in the microstructure of the steel under consideration (Fig. 1, c) and to the increase of the hardness values up to 60.0 HRC.
The obtained data was implemented during the design process of the heat treatment technology for the drill bits being operated in severe conditions of impact loads and abrasive media [18, 19].
After the heat treatment the following mechanical properties of the drill bits were obtained: hardness 45,0 HRC; yield strength σ0,2 1360 MPa; tensile strength σB 1470 MPa; relative elongation δ5 12,5 %; reduction of area RA 24 %, impact toughness KCV 0,21 MJ/m2.
The increase of the cooling rates up to 1 °C/s led to the reduction of the bainite amount in the microstructure of the steel under consideration (Fig. 1, c) and to the increase of the hardness values up to 60.0 HRC.
The obtained data was implemented during the design process of the heat treatment technology for the drill bits being operated in severe conditions of impact loads and abrasive media [18, 19].
After the heat treatment the following mechanical properties of the drill bits were obtained: hardness 45,0 HRC; yield strength σ0,2 1360 MPa; tensile strength σB 1470 MPa; relative elongation δ5 12,5 %; reduction of area RA 24 %, impact toughness KCV 0,21 MJ/m2.
Online since: September 2023
Authors: Soma Das, Manish Deshmukh, Sumit Kumar Gupta, Abhijeet Agrawal
Afterwards Fourth-generation (4G) wireless communication systems utilize multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology to further increase data transmission rates [6].
In present day, significant surge in the demand for high data rates and bandwidth in the wireless industry, ultra-wide-band (UWB) antennas are becoming very popular for indoor applications and handheld devices [8].
UWB communication systems offer numerous benefits such as high-speed data transfer with high efficiency, low complexity, low cost, and high precision [9].
These designed systems are vulnerable to the impact of the multipath fading effect, reliability, and data quality, this effect will be minimized by using MIMO Antenna [24].
It can provide high data rate wireless communication, excellent spectral efficiency, and low power consumption.
In present day, significant surge in the demand for high data rates and bandwidth in the wireless industry, ultra-wide-band (UWB) antennas are becoming very popular for indoor applications and handheld devices [8].
UWB communication systems offer numerous benefits such as high-speed data transfer with high efficiency, low complexity, low cost, and high precision [9].
These designed systems are vulnerable to the impact of the multipath fading effect, reliability, and data quality, this effect will be minimized by using MIMO Antenna [24].
It can provide high data rate wireless communication, excellent spectral efficiency, and low power consumption.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: E.S. Reshetnikova, D.U. Usatiy, T.V. Usataya
Metal current scheme at the final stage of hex bolt head reduction: 1-punhe, 2-die, 3-work piece.
The values found for the minimum deformation work Аmin to determine efforts hex head bolts reduction from different materials with different size ratio.
Technological process of bolt stamping: a) core ingot reduction, b) cylindrical head upsetting, c) hex head reduction, d) bolt flange upsetting.
The data obtained proved that the concave shape of the deforming portion of the working area chamber of the punch, unlike the conical deformation, reduces the specific power of deformation by 10-15% and provides a uniform distribution of the metal in the axial sections of the piece, the work piece deformation equalizes and reduces the cross section of the stress state in the central deformation zone [13].
The Practical Significance, Suggestions, Introduction and Conclusions For experimental research technology, based on the data obtained by mathematical modeling in DEFORM-3D a set of tools and work pieces models were made [14].
The values found for the minimum deformation work Аmin to determine efforts hex head bolts reduction from different materials with different size ratio.
Technological process of bolt stamping: a) core ingot reduction, b) cylindrical head upsetting, c) hex head reduction, d) bolt flange upsetting.
The data obtained proved that the concave shape of the deforming portion of the working area chamber of the punch, unlike the conical deformation, reduces the specific power of deformation by 10-15% and provides a uniform distribution of the metal in the axial sections of the piece, the work piece deformation equalizes and reduces the cross section of the stress state in the central deformation zone [13].
The Practical Significance, Suggestions, Introduction and Conclusions For experimental research technology, based on the data obtained by mathematical modeling in DEFORM-3D a set of tools and work pieces models were made [14].
Online since: January 2014
Authors: Xiang Feng Xu
Relying on experimental test data ,the model of the nonlinear relationship between fine bundle the rebar tensile force and the exposed segment frequency was established.
Considering the design tensile force cannot meet design requirements, the code[6]prescribes that the reduction factor 0.6 is multiplied when vertical prestressing force is calculated.The tensile force of vertical prestressing finishing rolling rebar doesn’t meet requirements is largely caused by human factors, such as nuts are not tightened, installation errors are large, these factors can cause tensile force reduction.
A) Model structural map (unit: cm) B) Model after pouring Fig 3 Model test The theoretical value of k can be solved based on test data and formula (7).
The following conclusions can be drawn from test data: (1) Because the occlusion of the reinforcement and nut in anchoring range is increasingly tight, the value k is non-linear increase along the effective tensioning force, (2) The first-order mode frequency w is non-linear decrease along the length increasing of the exposed segment reinforcement under the same level of tensioning force.
Considering the design tensile force cannot meet design requirements, the code[6]prescribes that the reduction factor 0.6 is multiplied when vertical prestressing force is calculated.The tensile force of vertical prestressing finishing rolling rebar doesn’t meet requirements is largely caused by human factors, such as nuts are not tightened, installation errors are large, these factors can cause tensile force reduction.
A) Model structural map (unit: cm) B) Model after pouring Fig 3 Model test The theoretical value of k can be solved based on test data and formula (7).
The following conclusions can be drawn from test data: (1) Because the occlusion of the reinforcement and nut in anchoring range is increasingly tight, the value k is non-linear increase along the effective tensioning force, (2) The first-order mode frequency w is non-linear decrease along the length increasing of the exposed segment reinforcement under the same level of tensioning force.
Online since: December 2007
Authors: Karel Slámečka, Jaroslav Pokluda, Guo Cai Chai, Tomáš Podrábský, Simona Hutařová
Calculated values
of effective thresholds are in a good agreement with experimental data.
When the micro-roughness of the crack path becomes comparable to the crack tip opening displacement, processes as kinking and branching of the crack front can cause a further reduction of the SIF range ahead the crack tip [6].
In eq. (2) the reduction of the local SIF caused by crack branching was assessed by a factor of 0.5 [7] .Thus, the second term in parenthesis expresses a weighted average of both the roughness- and branching-induced shielding of the crack front.
Table 1 Experimental data Estimation of Effective and Intrinsic thresholds Values of both the statistical factor η and the effective SIF range , cal eff thK∆ calculated according to eqs. (1), (3)-(5) are displayed in Table 2.
(ii) The calculated values of effective thresholds (closure corrected) are in a good agreement with experimental data.
When the micro-roughness of the crack path becomes comparable to the crack tip opening displacement, processes as kinking and branching of the crack front can cause a further reduction of the SIF range ahead the crack tip [6].
In eq. (2) the reduction of the local SIF caused by crack branching was assessed by a factor of 0.5 [7] .Thus, the second term in parenthesis expresses a weighted average of both the roughness- and branching-induced shielding of the crack front.
Table 1 Experimental data Estimation of Effective and Intrinsic thresholds Values of both the statistical factor η and the effective SIF range , cal eff thK∆ calculated according to eqs. (1), (3)-(5) are displayed in Table 2.
(ii) The calculated values of effective thresholds (closure corrected) are in a good agreement with experimental data.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Xun Liu, Yin Zhang, Nan Liu, Zhi Yang Chen
ID part is used to distinguish the types of primitives and Data part carry watermarking data.
Here we get the target data include Identifying code and Data code, we should use encryption transform the target data to W of (LenK-1) bits, W={wi|wiϵ{-1,1},i=1,2,3...
Degree elevation and reduction is used to connect a few NURBS surfaces.
Watermarking algorithms for 3D NURBS graphic data.
Managing CAD data as a multimedia data type using digital watermarking.
Here we get the target data include Identifying code and Data code, we should use encryption transform the target data to W of (LenK-1) bits, W={wi|wiϵ{-1,1},i=1,2,3...
Degree elevation and reduction is used to connect a few NURBS surfaces.
Watermarking algorithms for 3D NURBS graphic data.
Managing CAD data as a multimedia data type using digital watermarking.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Yang Song, Mu Qing Wu, Kai Jia
The reduction of Linux kernel.
Display the collected data in real time. 4.
Storage the collected sensor data.
When testing, every platform collects the temperature and humidity data and transfers the data to terminal with WIFI independently.
The PC terminal runs sensor data management software which can display the data of each platform in the form of real-time graph.
Display the collected data in real time. 4.
Storage the collected sensor data.
When testing, every platform collects the temperature and humidity data and transfers the data to terminal with WIFI independently.
The PC terminal runs sensor data management software which can display the data of each platform in the form of real-time graph.
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Yang Rui, Lin Xi Jiao
At the same time, policy makers also need to formulate a series of detailed, specific, operational departmental rules and implementation details, establish a perfect system of carbon emissions reduction targets and evaluation index of low-carbon city.
According to the energy consumption and waste output, draws up reasonable development of greenhouse gas emissions inventory, finds out the city greenhouse gas emissions sources with the present situation which the detailed collection and access to relevant data.
On this basis, calculates the total amount of city greenhouse gas emissions of forecast year and distribution of structure, provides benchmarking for progression in emission reductions.
Thirdly, set the objective of greenhouse gas emission reduction.
According to the scenario analysis, the urban carbon reduction targets down to each main fields, develop the industry and carbon reduction plans in stages.
According to the energy consumption and waste output, draws up reasonable development of greenhouse gas emissions inventory, finds out the city greenhouse gas emissions sources with the present situation which the detailed collection and access to relevant data.
On this basis, calculates the total amount of city greenhouse gas emissions of forecast year and distribution of structure, provides benchmarking for progression in emission reductions.
Thirdly, set the objective of greenhouse gas emission reduction.
According to the scenario analysis, the urban carbon reduction targets down to each main fields, develop the industry and carbon reduction plans in stages.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Hisaki Watari, Mayumi Suzuki, Shinichi Nishida, Sueji Hirawatari, Yuki Sato
As indicated in Fig. 2, the friction coefficients between materials and tools are obtained by using the relation between the reduction in height of the formed ring and the decrease in internal diameters after reduction.
The reduction in height of the pressed ring is given by Eq. 1.
Here, ho indicates the original height of the ring, h is the height after reduction, do indicates initial inner diameter of the ring, and d is the inner diameter after reduction.
Graphite 0.38 0.30 NG NG PTFE 0.08 0.07 - - Oil A 0.26 0.45 - - Oil B 0.24 0.44 - - Graphite + Oil A 0.21 0.18 - - Graphite + Oil B 0.24 0.16 - - Graphite + Oil A + Oil B 0.17 0.20 - - Oil A + Oil B 0.40 0.37 - - (N.D.: No data) Fig. 7 Influence of press motion and lubricant on friction coefficient.
The reduction of the inner diameter of the experiment was 15.4%, and the analyzed reduction of the inner diameter was 16.3% in this case.
The reduction in height of the pressed ring is given by Eq. 1.
Here, ho indicates the original height of the ring, h is the height after reduction, do indicates initial inner diameter of the ring, and d is the inner diameter after reduction.
Graphite 0.38 0.30 NG NG PTFE 0.08 0.07 - - Oil A 0.26 0.45 - - Oil B 0.24 0.44 - - Graphite + Oil A 0.21 0.18 - - Graphite + Oil B 0.24 0.16 - - Graphite + Oil A + Oil B 0.17 0.20 - - Oil A + Oil B 0.40 0.37 - - (N.D.: No data) Fig. 7 Influence of press motion and lubricant on friction coefficient.
The reduction of the inner diameter of the experiment was 15.4%, and the analyzed reduction of the inner diameter was 16.3% in this case.