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Online since: October 2004
Authors: Setsuo Takaki, Toshihiro Tsuchiyama, Y. Futamura, Masahide Natori
The ferritic material was
cold-rolled at a reduction of 80% to give the same dislocation density as of the martensitic material.
In addition, the ferritic material was cold-rolled by 80% reduction after the solution treatment.
The data obtained by EBSP method was analyzed with the TSL Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) system.
This indicates that crystal-rotations have locally occurred during the deformation, and this forms a large ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The data of the measured points with little reliance (Confidence Index < 0.05) were removed before making the misorientation profiles, because there was possibility that the analyses of those points had been failed.
The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The ferritic material deformed by 80% reduction contains a large number of geometrically necessary boundaries with large misorientations, while the martensitic material does only original grain boundaries.
In addition, the ferritic material was cold-rolled by 80% reduction after the solution treatment.
The data obtained by EBSP method was analyzed with the TSL Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) system.
This indicates that crystal-rotations have locally occurred during the deformation, and this forms a large ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 The data of the measured points with little reliance (Confidence Index < 0.05) were removed before making the misorientation profiles, because there was possibility that the analyses of those points had been failed.
The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The ferritic material deformed by 80% reduction contains a large number of geometrically necessary boundaries with large misorientations, while the martensitic material does only original grain boundaries.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Jiang He, Kai Qiong Liu
Each simulation subsystem can be independently performed and the simulated results of one simulation system can be used as input data for the other system.
In the surface temperature simulation, air temperature and velocity are assumed to be uniformly distributed in the analyzed space at the un-selected time, and given from input weather data.
Simulations were performed using hourly weather data for a typical sunny summer day (August 5, 2000) in Tokyo.
The input weather data was prepared based on Expanded AMeDAS Weather Data provided by Architectural Institute of Japan.
Each simulation subsystem can be independently performed and the simulated results of one simulation system can be used as input data for the other system.
In the surface temperature simulation, air temperature and velocity are assumed to be uniformly distributed in the analyzed space at the un-selected time, and given from input weather data.
Simulations were performed using hourly weather data for a typical sunny summer day (August 5, 2000) in Tokyo.
The input weather data was prepared based on Expanded AMeDAS Weather Data provided by Architectural Institute of Japan.
Each simulation subsystem can be independently performed and the simulated results of one simulation system can be used as input data for the other system.
Microstructural and Optical Properties of Green-Synthesized rGO Utilizing Amaranthus viridis Extract
Online since: February 2024
Authors: Edi Suharyadi, Nurul Imani Istiqomah, Zurnansyah Zurnansyah, Putri Dwi Jayanti, Larrisa Jestha Mahardhika, Hafil Perdana Kusumah
Furthermore, the UV-Vis analysis data shows the typical absorption of GO at 232 nm and 301 nm, while at 266 nm and 278 nm, it belongs to graphite and rGO.
However, the GO reduction process requires chemicals such as hydrazine hydrate which are harmful to humans and the environment, thus an approach with the green synthesis method is urgently needed [7].
The AV extract contains various bioactive compounds, including phenolic and flavonoids, which can participate in the reduction reaction [14].
Moreover, the oxygen functional groups contained in GO have a significant reduction as indicated by a decrease in the interlayer spacing of rGO from 9.76 Å to 3.72 Å [19].
Summary In this study, rGO sheets were successfully synthesized by the green-reduction method.
However, the GO reduction process requires chemicals such as hydrazine hydrate which are harmful to humans and the environment, thus an approach with the green synthesis method is urgently needed [7].
The AV extract contains various bioactive compounds, including phenolic and flavonoids, which can participate in the reduction reaction [14].
Moreover, the oxygen functional groups contained in GO have a significant reduction as indicated by a decrease in the interlayer spacing of rGO from 9.76 Å to 3.72 Å [19].
Summary In this study, rGO sheets were successfully synthesized by the green-reduction method.
Online since: August 2011
Authors: Tian Yun Zhang, Kui Chen, Wei Wei
Its original data were 40 μm in particle size.
The reduction rates of friction coefficient and wear rate of PP/OMMT nanocomposites compared with bare PP at different load are shown in Tab. 1.
With the increase of load, the reduction rate of wear rate of nanocomposites, compared with pure PP at the same load becomes worse, from 60 % to 35 %, while that of the friction coefficient becomes better, from 4 % to 10 %.
Tab. 1 Reduction rates of friction coefficient and wear rate of nanocomposites at different load compared with PP Load /N OMMT content /% Friction coefficient reduction rate /% Wear rate reduction rate /% 150 3.0 4 60 200 1.5 5 42 250 1.5 10 35 SEM analysis of the worn surfaces.
Moreover, in the stage of self-organizing, OMMT galleries have a tendency of paralleling to worn surface under the work of heat produced from friction, which contributes to the reduction of friction coefficient in the course of friction.
The reduction rates of friction coefficient and wear rate of PP/OMMT nanocomposites compared with bare PP at different load are shown in Tab. 1.
With the increase of load, the reduction rate of wear rate of nanocomposites, compared with pure PP at the same load becomes worse, from 60 % to 35 %, while that of the friction coefficient becomes better, from 4 % to 10 %.
Tab. 1 Reduction rates of friction coefficient and wear rate of nanocomposites at different load compared with PP Load /N OMMT content /% Friction coefficient reduction rate /% Wear rate reduction rate /% 150 3.0 4 60 200 1.5 5 42 250 1.5 10 35 SEM analysis of the worn surfaces.
Moreover, in the stage of self-organizing, OMMT galleries have a tendency of paralleling to worn surface under the work of heat produced from friction, which contributes to the reduction of friction coefficient in the course of friction.
Online since: May 2015
Authors: Emil Spišák, Luboš Kaščák, Ivan Gajdoš, Volodymyr Krasinskyi
Optimal build direction and slicing strategy address the reduction of roughness due to the staircase effect.
About the same level of Rz reduction is achieved with four GB passes.
Most significant Ra and Rz is observed when spraying putty was applied (61.26% Ra reduction and 67.41% Rz reduction for samples with 0.254 mm layer thickness).
Presented results also shows that surface pre-treatment with MEK before blasting can lead to roughness reduction and surface quality improvement.
Kłonica, Computer aided designing, engineering, manufacturing and data analysis: selected problems, Perfekta, Lublin, 2013
About the same level of Rz reduction is achieved with four GB passes.
Most significant Ra and Rz is observed when spraying putty was applied (61.26% Ra reduction and 67.41% Rz reduction for samples with 0.254 mm layer thickness).
Presented results also shows that surface pre-treatment with MEK before blasting can lead to roughness reduction and surface quality improvement.
Kłonica, Computer aided designing, engineering, manufacturing and data analysis: selected problems, Perfekta, Lublin, 2013
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Yan Ju, Liang Wang, Rong Bin Zhang
The product and reactant were analyzed by an on-line gas chromatograph equipped with a TCD and a data integration system.
H2-TPR profiles of catalysts are shown in Fig. 2 The bulk NiO sample obtained by calcination of Ni(NO3)2 displayed a reduction peak around 350℃.
A low reduction peak below 350℃ was observed on the TPR profiles of Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/Ben, which might be associated with the presence of Ni3+[4].
Besides the low reduction peak at 300℃, two separate peaks at 488℃ and 657℃ were present on the TPR curve of Ni/Ben, respectively.
The Ni/Al2O3 TPR profile showed a broad peak, either due to the reduction of various Ni species or to the reduction of one nickel oxide species by steps.
H2-TPR profiles of catalysts are shown in Fig. 2 The bulk NiO sample obtained by calcination of Ni(NO3)2 displayed a reduction peak around 350℃.
A low reduction peak below 350℃ was observed on the TPR profiles of Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/Ben, which might be associated with the presence of Ni3+[4].
Besides the low reduction peak at 300℃, two separate peaks at 488℃ and 657℃ were present on the TPR curve of Ni/Ben, respectively.
The Ni/Al2O3 TPR profile showed a broad peak, either due to the reduction of various Ni species or to the reduction of one nickel oxide species by steps.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Xin Bo Zhang, Hui Sheng, Xiao Ling Wang, Yan Ping Wang
This event causes data loss that is referred to as a collision.
The transmission times in the sending process is many times, so each reduction can be an overall data bit reduction effect is quite large. 2) According to the exclusion characteristics of the binary bit values of 0 or 1, when only one bit collides, the reader can directly identify the two tags, which reduce the searching times.
The reader receives the tag EPC, if no collision occurs, the reader can choose the tag and transmit its data.
According to the READ/WRITE command the reader to process the data information stored in the tag.
The reader sends Read Data command to make the tag return the code information to the reader.
The transmission times in the sending process is many times, so each reduction can be an overall data bit reduction effect is quite large. 2) According to the exclusion characteristics of the binary bit values of 0 or 1, when only one bit collides, the reader can directly identify the two tags, which reduce the searching times.
The reader receives the tag EPC, if no collision occurs, the reader can choose the tag and transmit its data.
According to the READ/WRITE command the reader to process the data information stored in the tag.
The reader sends Read Data command to make the tag return the code information to the reader.
Online since: April 2021
Authors: Lian Liu, Yan Chun Zhao, Fu Sheng Li, Qian Ma
The regression R2 values after IDWT were increased effectively when compared with original data without IDWT.
The spectral data of several elements were preprocessed by IDWT, and the results were compared with the original data.
The spectral data and the corresponding fitting curve are used for adjusting the tube voltage.
After using IDWT to process the spectral data, the fitting curve at 5kV is also obtained in Fig. 8.
After using IDWT to process the spectral data, the fitting curve at 45kV is also obtained in Fig. 11.
The spectral data of several elements were preprocessed by IDWT, and the results were compared with the original data.
The spectral data and the corresponding fitting curve are used for adjusting the tube voltage.
After using IDWT to process the spectral data, the fitting curve at 5kV is also obtained in Fig. 8.
After using IDWT to process the spectral data, the fitting curve at 45kV is also obtained in Fig. 11.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Chun Mei Yu, Sheng Bo Yang
How to choose key features from process industry data?
B distance measures separability between two class data.
For each faulty case, two sets of data, training and testing data, are generated.
The training and testing data contain 480 and 960 observations, respectively.
Training data are collected after the introduction of the faults.
B distance measures separability between two class data.
For each faulty case, two sets of data, training and testing data, are generated.
The training and testing data contain 480 and 960 observations, respectively.
Training data are collected after the introduction of the faults.
Online since: May 2004
Authors: Nuran Ay, N. Erginel, B. Dogan
The reduction on the key inputs is important and necessary in terms of effectiveness since the
number of experiment increase exponentially with respect to the number of factors.
Cause and effect diagram identifies problem areas where data can be collected and analyzed [3].
Thus, 816 data were collected from one lot whose production lasted 6 days.
Data were analyzed with MINITAB 13.0 Statistical Software.
While this plot can be used for attribute data, the correlation coefficient can be employed for continuous variables.
Cause and effect diagram identifies problem areas where data can be collected and analyzed [3].
Thus, 816 data were collected from one lot whose production lasted 6 days.
Data were analyzed with MINITAB 13.0 Statistical Software.
While this plot can be used for attribute data, the correlation coefficient can be employed for continuous variables.