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The kind of starting materials of manganese is one of the important factors affecting the performances of the cathode materials.
Journal of Power Sources, 1997, 68(1): 153-158
Journal of Power Sources, 2005, 146(1): 226–231
Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2004,19(2): 342-348
Materials Science and Technology, 2011, 19(5):131-134

Therefore, the difference of mechanical properties of materials exacerbates material damage when the crack cross different elastic material interface and the damage characteristics can change the damage state uniform material.
Conclusions The composites of three point bending beam test and theoretical research show that, the crack will deflect because of the difference of mechanical properties of materials when the crack perpendicular to different elastic materials interface expands.
The degree of sand-mudstone materials damage is consistent with plastic strain and the plastic strain is lager, the degree of damage will be stronger.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51004023).
International Journal of Mechanical Science, 2007, 49:888-897

Introduction Practically, many kinds of composite materials are widely used in many industry fields.
Among such kinds of composite materials, SiC Particle Reinforce Aluminum Alloy (SiC PRAA) is one of the most excellent composite materials because of its many advantages.
SiC PRAA is isotropic material and overcomes some deficiencies which may occur in fiber reinforced materials.
Numerical Modeling of Multi-scale Problem Method of S-FEM was first proposed by Fish [4] and was applied to the laminated materials.
[5] Shogo Nakasumi, Katsuyuki Suzuki, Daiji Fujii and Hideomi Ohtsubo, Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method, J Mar Sci Technol (2003) 7:180-188 [6] Peter Kabele, Eiki Yamaguchi and Hideyuki Horii, FEM-BEM superposition method for fracture analysis of quasi-brittle structures, International Journal of Fracture 100:249-274, 1999 [7] Naoki Takano, Nasaru Zako and Manabu Ishizono, Multi-scale computational method for elastic bodies with global and local heterogeneity, Journal of computer-Aided Materials Design, 7:111-132.2000 [8] Javier Segurado, Javier LLorca, Computational micromechanics of composites: The effect of particle spatial distribution, Mechanics of Materials, 38 (2006) 873-883 [9]Zhang Ya-fang, Tang Chun-an, Yang Tian-hong, Zhang Juan-xia, Effect of Bi-Particles Geometrical Distribution on Failure Process of Brittle-Matrix Composites, Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science), Vol.27, 926-929, 2006 [10

Due to these unusual mechanical and physical properties, nano- or micro-structures materials are currently attracting a great deal of attention.
And grain refining by severe plastic deformation makes it possible to produce bulk materials with fine grain structure.
This makes a rapid increasing of dislocation density of metal materials. 3.
Hong, Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 130-131(2002), p.497 [5] J.
Gottster, et.al: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 387-389 (2004), P. 266

Kuna, Determination of deformation and failure properties of ductile materials by means of the small punch test neural networks, Computational Material Science 28 (2003) 633-644
Materials Science and Engineering, A510–511 (2009) 444–449
Computational Material Science 26 (2003) 219–29
International Journal of Mechanical Science 106 (2016) 266-285
Roberts, Material sampling from components within the nuclear industry and the extraction of useful materials information, Metallurgical Journal 63 (2010) 19-25

The high purity nano-silica materials could be prepared from different synthesis route.
One of the most important raw materials for Li2FeSiO4 is a cathode material of a lithium-ion battery [4-5].
González, Review on the physicochemical treatments of rice husk for production, Chemical Engineering Journal. 264 (2015) 899–935
Choi, Recycling rice husks for high-capacity lithium battery anodes, Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences. 10 (2013) 12229-12234
Meethong, An insight into crystal, electronic, and local structures of lithium iron silicate (Li2FeSiO4) materials upon lithium extraction.

Ebarvia2,e 1School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, 658 Muralla St., Intramuros, Manila City 1002, Philippines 2Industrial Technology Development Institute, Department of Science and Technology, DOST Cpd., Gen.
Composite materials are introduced as feedstock in order to overcome the mechanical, thermal, and functionality restrictions of the generic materials used in 3DP [1].
Materials and Methodology Specifications of Materials.
Hartings: Science and Technology of advanced materials Vol. 17(1) (2016), pp. 89-9 [10] Y.
Kim: Journal of Electronic Materials Vol. 44 (2015), pp. 771-777

Nowdays, the traditional elasticity method used to evaluate the seismic safety of high arch dams is unable to reflect the dynamic performance of concrete materials and nonlinear response under earthquake load, such as the generation and development of micro cracks, the damage development in dams and the rate-dependent behavior of dam concrete.
Damage Plasticity Model Dam concrete is a damage sensitive material.
Under external load, there is the generation and development of micro cracks in concrete material, and this will apparently decrease the strength and elastic modulus of concrete, the material characteristics is called damage softening effect.
References [1] DU Rongqiang, LIN Gao, HU Zhiqiang: Safety assessment of concrete gravity dams based on dynamic, Journal of Hydraulic Engneering,Vol.37(2006), p.1055-1062 [2] Liao Zhenpeng, Huang Kongliang, Yang Baipo et al: Transmitting boundary to transient wave,Science in China(Series A), Vol.26(1984), p. 50-56 [3] Deeks A J, Randolph M F.Axisymmetric time-domain transmitting boundaries, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol.120(1994), p. 25-42 [4] Li Tongchun, Li Miao, Wen Zhaowang.Application of locally incompatible meshes to stress analysis of high arch dams, Journal of Hohai University (Natural Sciences ),Vol.31(2003), p. 42-45 [5] NIU Zhiguo, LI Tongchun, WANG Yali.
Synthesis of simulated earthquake waves based on hydraulic design response spectrum,Journal of Hehai University (Natural Sciences ),Vol.35(2006),p. 262-265

With the addition of nanometer inorganic particles into polysaccharides, the new composite materials will exhibit unexpected properties, which greatly differ from that of conventional materials [6-8].
Experimental Materials and reagents.
The study of mechanical properties is primary for determining the performance of materials, especially that of films materials.
Journal of Anhui University Natural Science Edition (In Chinese) Vol. 26 (2002), p. 71 [16] Chen H S, Sun.
Journal of Materials Science Letters Vol. 21 (2002), p. 1637

Because of their poor quality, the performance of PSL made from these waste veneer residues usually disqualified as structural materials [2].
Materials and method Materials.Poplar veneer strands were obtained from local plywood plant in Nanjing.
Flexural toughness index (ID ) is a parameter that reflect response of different materials to the flexural load, it is calculated as the ratio of Wp to Wi.
[3] Yixin Zhu, Mingjie Guan, Yukai Fan, Prestressing effects of twisted bamboo bundle on the wood-bamboo laminated veneer lumber, Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition).6(2007)16-20
[8] Zehui Jiang, Ge Wang, Benhua Fei, The Research and development on bamboo/wood composite materials, Forest Research.6(2002)712-718