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CORROSION DEGRADATION OF STEEL PIPES IN INDIRECT COOLING CIRCUIT OF GAS CLEANING Mária Hagarová1,a*, Jana Cervová2,b, Marek Vojtko3,c 1,2,3Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Metallurgy, Technical University of Košice, Slovakia amaria.hagarova@tuke.sk, bjana.cervova@tuke.sk, cmarek.vojtko@tuke.sk Keywords: steel pipe, corrosion, cooling circuit, crack Abstract: The paper deals with corrosion damage of steel pipes which were a part of the indirect cooling circuit of gas cleaning.
Methods of analysis of corrosion degradation of pipes The methods of analysis of steel pipe specimens included standard procedures commonly used for evaluation of corrosion attack on metal materials.
Additional analysis was carried out on material sampled from the pipe at the site shown in Fig. 1.
Bhatia, Science and Reactor Fundamentals – Materials.
Al-Mudeer, et al, Basrah Journal of Science (C). 24 (2006) 35 - 47 [6] B.

Layered materials were applied in various application, such as adsorption, catalyst, corrosion inhibitor, controlled release formulation for drugs, agrochemical, flame retardant for smoke suppression [1] and polymer nanocomposites [2].
Experimental Section Materials.
Y., 2019, Reduction of Graphene Oxide Thin Films using A Stepwise Thermal Annealing Assisted by L-Ascorbic Acid, Diamond & Related Materials, 92, 242-247
Z., 2017, Selective Adsorption of AuCl4- on Chemically Modified D301 Resin with Containing N/S Functional Polymer, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 5, 10-15
H., Rusdiarso, B., 2020, Gallic and Salicylic Acid-Functionalized Mg/Al Hydrotalcite as Highly Effective Materials for Reductive Adsorption of AuCl4-, Appl.

Relationships between da/dN versus ∆K for the material were obtained by two types of test specimens.
From the material as indicated in Table 1 and 2, CCT(CenterCracked-Tension) specimen which has relatively big size of center penetrated slit and CT(Compact Tension) specimen by ASTM E647 were manufactured[1].
Acknowledgement This study was undertaken at the Ship and Offshore Structural Mechanics Laboratory (SSML), Pusan National University, which is a National Research Laboratory funded by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (Grant No.
Paik: Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 345-436 (2007), pp.1043-1046 [2] R.
Fujimoto: Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Vol.142 (1977), pp.239-250 [4] Stress Intensity Factors Handbook, Vol. 1, Pergamon Press (1987) [5] T.L.

According to the environment differences of the bridges, the materials and processes used are also different.
Sichuan Building Science.
ACI Structural Journal, Vol. 95 (1998), p. 205~214
Materials on Resisting Cl-Attack in Concrete.
Journal of Tongji University.

Introduction Photoelasticity is based on the phenomenon that certain materials, when loaded, exhibit temporal double refraction, or birefringence, when viewed in polarised light.
In particular, the extent of this double refraction is found to be proportional to the amount of shearing force in the material [1] and as a result, the concentrations of shear stress are represented as visual contours or 'fringes'.
In photoelasticity and the study of loaded solids, obtaining practical photoelastic materials which are cheap and transparent, whilst remaining optically sensitive and physically useable is paramount.
It had an expansion section to allow the flow boundaries to be well controlled and stress-free glass sides to ensure no additional fringes were introduced due to the channel material.
[13] Swanson, M M., Green, R L. (1969) Colloidal Suspension Properties of Milling Yellow Dye, Journal of Colloidal and Interface Science. 29, 161-164 [14] Siegmann P, Backman D, and Patterson, EA, (2005) A robust approach to demodulating and unwrapping phase-stepped photoelastic data, Experimental Mechanics, 45, (3), 278-289 [15] Lesniak, J., Zhang, S.J., Patterson, E.A., (2004) Design and evaluation of the poleidoscope: A novel digital polariscope, Experimental Mechanics, 44, (2), 128-135

They are made of many components, each of whom is fabricated with the most appropriate material and process for its function.
Link sizing has been performed considering not only the material strength but also the influence of their flexible behavior on the end effector trajectory.
Several dynamic analysis with different combinations of sizes and materials have been performed, monitoring the maximum equivalent stresses, the end effector trajectory errors and the residual vibration in the rest phase (see Figure 9).
Journal of Assembly Automation, 27(1), 6573 (2007) [5] Campos, L., Bourbonnais, F., Bonev, I.A., Bigras P., “Development of a Five-Bar Parallel Robot With Large Workspace”, Proc.
Bampton, “Coupling of substructures for dynamics analyses”, AIAA Journal, 6(7):1313-1319, 1968

A New Computer-aided Topology Optimization Platform for Solving Various Engineering Problems Jie Zhang1, Bo-Hua Li1, Na Sun2, San-Bao Hu3,a 1Wanxiang Technical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, P.R.C 2Hangzhou Safety Science and Technology Cor.
The homogenization methods allow the density of the material range from 0 over intermediate values to 1 by introducing a composite material model into the original problem.
The material’s thermal conductivity is set independent of the density and keeping constant as .
The solid material has 200GPa elastic modulus with 0.3 Poisson’s ratio.
Sliding regimes of anisotropy in optimal design of vibrating plates, International journal of solids and structure, vol. 17 (1981), p 931-948

Introduction Composite materials possess very high specific properties and excellent fatigue and impact strengths.
It presents a 9-noded resultant stress shell element is presented for anisotropic composite materials.
The lateral displacement is very large for the case of 2-layer laminate and it tends to that of a homogenous orthotropic material as the number of layers tends infinity.
References [1] A.W.Lessia, “A Review of Laminated Composite Plate Buckling”, Proc.Of the 4th International Conf.On Composite Structures, (Eds) I.H.Marshall, Elsevier Applied Science, New York, Pp. 1.1-1.29, 1988
Vuksanovic, “Geometrically non-linear analysis of laminated plates using layer wise displacement model”, journal of Serbian society for computational mechanics , vol.-5,No.1,2011, pp.50-68 [3] Yu wang, Guangyu Shi and Xiaodan, “Displacement and stress analysis of laminated composite plates using an eight noded quasi-conforming solid-shell element”, curved and layer.

The Effect of Pre-strain on the Bake Hardening Property for Ultra-low Carbon Steel Lan Jin1, a, Weijuan Li1,b , Xin Dong1,c and Jue Hou1,d 1School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan 114051,China ajinyatou1023@163.com, bliweijuan826@163.com, cdongxinrose@126.com, d155310399@qq.com Keywords: Ultra-low carbon steel, Bake hardening, Pre-strain, Cottrell atmosphere Abstract: The bake-hardening experiment was carried out for the Ultra-low carbon steel under different pre-strains, and the bake-hardening property is determined.
Experimental material and procedures The material used for the present study was cold rolled Ultra-low carbon steel, its chemical composition is shown in table 1.
In addition, there may be deformation substructure in the material, the internal of which contains little dislocations.
Steel Research International Vol.77 (2006), p.675-679 Zhiqiang Zhang, Chuan He and Caigao She: Journal of the china railway society Vol. 1 (2005), p. 84-89,in Chinese
[6] De A K, De Blauwe K, Vandeputte S, et al. : Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.310( 2000), p. 405～410 [7] De A K, Vandeputte S, De Cooman B C. : Scripta Materialia Vol. 41(1999) , p. 831～837

The biomass deposits of these materials, which are abundant, can cause environmental pollution problems in nearby areas and have limited value to the industry.
The raw materials, oil palm fronds (OPFs) and oil palm kernel shell (OPKS) were collected from a factory.
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 29(12), 1708-1712
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 7(1), 101-108
International Conference on Biological, Chemical and Environmental Science (BCES), Peneng Malaysia.