Search results

A new control method of Fuzzy-PID controller with RSDA (Rough Set Data Analysis) is proposed.
The RSDA (Rough Set Data Analysis) theory can deal with imprecise and incomplete problems.
It is used to analyze the dependencies among the properties of the information decision system and the necessity of a data value without a priori knowledge.
a) Collect 100 experiments data, adjust the PID parameters by the classic method, make a decision table according to the ev, ∆ev and u.
b) Discretize the metrical data of decision tables, make cluster analysis and interval division by rough set theory.

So we the authors of this research paper attempted to develop a soft computing technique to prognosticate CBR value by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN), a data driven technique.
They operate as black-box, model-free and adaptive tools to capture and learn significant structure in data.
Jakasa, et al), Neural networks for profiling stress history of clays from PCPT data (Pradeep U.
From our study we can conclude that ANN could be a good mathematical tool for prediction of CBR values, using data pattern rather than complicated laboratory procedures.
Dudani (2002), “Neural Networks for profiling stress history of clays from PCPT data”. journal of geotechnical geoenvironmental engineering, VOL 128, NO 7, July, 2002, pp 569-578

Since the order of magnitude of estimate for the amount of biomass required for reduction in C emissions was within the range of coal-biomass feed systems, it is reasonable to assume that existing technology is adequate for the option.
The smallest time step in the simulation is the base-time step which is selected according to input data availability and/or module requirement(generally one hour).Modules run on longer time steps(daily, yearly)are called after the sum of basetime steps (i.e. hourly) has reached the module specific time step.
D01 in turn can be roughly estimated from DBH by linear extrapolation using the current height/diameter relation and the height difference between the two stem positions.This calculation is purely empirical and is only used here for transferring initialized DBH to D01 and D01 back into DBH in order to provide evaluation data that can be compared with repeated DBH measurements.It does not affect the model calculations.
Since the order of magnitude of estimate for the amount of biomass required for reduction in C emissions was within the range of coal-biomass feed systems,it is reasonable to assume that existing technology is adequate for the option.

Data Overview The target area is Gifu City in Japan, a typical middle-sized city with a population of 402,185 (Table 1).
Based on these data, it appears that suburbanization in Gifu City began in 1965.
This figure illustrates the changes in commercial zones using the 1982 and 1968 data.
Fig. 9 illustrates the changes in commercial zones using the 1994/1982 data and shows a change in the number of stores.
Acknowledgements We gratefully thanks for data providing from Comprehensive Urban Transportation Planning Council Chukyo metropolitan Area and Gifu City.

The sharpness of the adsorption branch is indicative of a narrow mesopore size distribution of 102.8Å, in accordance with a0 data calculated by XRD.
The distance between mesopores is estimated to be ca. 102.3Å, in agreement with that determined from the XRD and adsorption data.
Pt (data from PDF card, vertical bar) Fig. 4 (a, b) TEM images and (c) ED spectrum of Pt/SBA-15, the arrows in a and b points to the Pt NPs; (d) Nitrogen adsorption (filled dot)-desorption (hollow circle) isotherm for SBA-15 and Pt/SBA-15 Summary In summary, hexagonal ordered SBA-15 had been successfully synthesized first as the solid host to support pre-prepared spherical Pt NPs with uniform size and distribution.
Murphy, Evidence for seed-mediated nucleation in the chemical reduction of gold salts to gold nanoparticles, Chem.
Sun, A general approach to the size- and shape-controlled synthesis of platinum nanoparticles and their catalytic reduction of oxygen, Angew.

The mediator couples with a more positive redox potential enable bacteria to oxidize the electron donor more effectively, which is needed for the bacteria to recycle their internal electron carriers, while they can easily penerate the cell membrane, and they have fast kinetics for both oxidation at the anode and reduction inside the organism [3].
EIS was conducted on the open circuit MFCs.Scanning data were fitted and simulated using ZSimpWin3.10(Echem,US).
The CV show a couple of distinguishable oxidation-reduction peaks, the oxidation peak in the forward scan at -0.20v (vs.Hg/Hg2Cl2) and the reduction peak in the reverse scan at -0.23v(vs.Hg/Hg2Cl2).
To evaluate the measured impedance data, the Nyquist plot can be well fitted with the inset equivalent circuit, in which Rs,Rct and CPE represent the solution resistance, the charge transfer resistance and the constant phase element, respectively.
The data about the resistance of electric element are listed in Table1.

S[k]= n=0N-1s[n]e-j2πknN (3) where s[n] = s(n∆t) is the input data vector, s(t) is the input signal, ∆t is the sampling interval, n is an integer, N is the length of the input data vector and S[k] gives the complex frequency-domain output data vector.
The severity of EMI can be decreased by reducing the dv/dt rate due to high frequency range reduction as illustrated in Fig. 7.
Table I: Induced EMR voltage and Percentage of EMR Reduction Pattern No.
Rise Time [ns] EMR [V] Percentage EMR Reduction [%] EFO= 2kV EFO = 4kV EFO= 2kV EFO = 4kV 1 0 33.4900 71.3600 Reference (Pulse Voltage) 2 100 0.0320 0.0570 99.90 99.92 3 400 0.0080 0.0170 99.98 99.98 4 700 0.0053 0.0095 99.98 99.99 5 1,000 0.0050 0.0089 99.99 99.99 The voltage pattern being used to break the electrical air gap during FAB process in ball bonding plays a role and it affects the intensity of EMI emission while the voltage amplitude has less impact on EMI intensity.
Anunciada, “EMI Reduction by Optimizing the Output Voltage Rise Time and Fall Time in High-Frequency Soft-Switching Converters,” 35th Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, vol. 2, pp. 1127-1132, 2004

According to foreign-related test data, mobile and equipment to reduce the weight of 10% each, can reduce energy consumption by 5% -8%, so the support vehicles carry lightweight design is necessary [1].
Fig. 4 Displacement nephogram Fig. 5 The stress deprogram Effect analysis Heavy duty rack weight made of 40Mn2 steel is 40.38kg; while for MC nylon light frame weight is only 22.5kg, compared with the heavy duty rack, weight reduction of 44.3%.
A whole column extending support vehicle loading machine equipped with the number at more than ten, which can complete the reduction, amounted to more than 226.8kg.
If the lightweight consider car, then ten support vehicle total weight reduction of 697.8kg, tractor traction on the supporting vehicle will be reduced.
Moreover, in the resources, energy and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent today, lightweight design to contribute to energy-saving emission reduction, environmental protection, promote the coordinated development of economy, society and environment, is worthy of promotion.

Authors demonstrated in previous publications that data mining methods could reduce data demand even to 1% in comparison do SA in the task of investigating of importance of the predictors.
In this article we present how data mining algorithms can discover relationships in large datasets.
Decision tree divides a training set into partitions to the point where each partition contains data belonging to one class, or, if within the partition is dominated by data belonging to one class.
All cases of data are divided among v groups Z1, Z2, ..., Zv of the same cardinality, as far as possible.
To have certainty of results we used 10% of data - sample was drawn randomly.

Some sections contain additional gauges with the intention of extracting more detailed data.
In addition an alternative load capacity method will be illustrated utilising data from the instrumentation of the void form flat slab.
Cost analysis A cost analysis was carried out to illustrate the benefit of utilising instrumentation data when estimating structural capacity and the subsequent retrofitting of structures.
However there was a considerable reduction in the amount of FRP (i.e. no. of layers etc.) required when utilising the data from the instrumented slab.
Vollum, Prediction of slab deflections and validation against Cardington data, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers; Structures and Buildings, vol. 152 (2002) pp. 235-248