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Grinding is very important in Invar surface processing, and the thermal characteristics is a key factor to affect the residual stress and deformation of grinding.
Introduction Structural stability of shape and size are key factors to affect accuracy and reliability of instrument.
The structural stability would be affected greatly by the residual tensile stress if incorrect processes are used.
Results and discussion (1) Influence of material properties The grinding temperature history curves of Invar 36 alloy and C45 steel were shown in Fig. 1.
China Mechanical Engineering, vol.19 2008(8), p.980.

It not only provide reliable information for effectively mine for emergency relief, to reduce casualties and property losses, but also for the scientific analysis of methane explosion during the fire disaster of the spread of mixed-gas law, under the conditions of a multi-hazard disaster coupled into the incident and expansion of the conditions and factors to provide the raw data of the study[1]. 2.The virtual prototype mode According to the working conditions of coal mine and the task requirements for the carrier robot, the carrier robot configuration is shown figure 1.
It contains the mechanical unit, autonomous navigation unit, tele-operation unit, control-drive unit, environmental detection etc.
Fig. 1 The carrier robot system 2.1The mechanical structure The carrier robot mechanical unit is made up of a set of travelling device, a set of brake rigging device, two sets of removing obstacle device, a set of join-buffer device, a car body and some equipment within the car body etc.
The track is not only a major factor of affecting the robot motion’s security and stability, but also an importance condition of affecting the robot normal working.
So the mechanical unit should have the reasonable geometry parameters.

Influence of sintering temperature on the properties of porous quartz ceramics via the atmospheric pressure sintering method Jieguang Song1 a, Fang Wang1, Yinyan Ju1, Minghan Xu1 and Shibin Li 1 1 Jiujiang Key Laboratory of Green Remanufacturing, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, 332005, China a songjieguang@163.com Keywords: Porous quartz ceramics, Sintering temperature, River sand, Properties.
For most of these applications, the ceramic materials need to fulfill specific requirements regarding their microstructure, porosity, permeability and mechanical properties. [7].
To tailor the properties for each application it is necessary to control the factors affecting the sintering process such as the initial particle characteristics, the microstructure, the additives and the processing technique [8].
In this paper, porous quartz ceramics were fabricated using river sand from the Yangtze River in China, the influence of sintering temperature on properties of quartz porous ceramics were investigated.

To carry out the purpose, FGM is an expected material that enables to improve the certain properties and affinities.
The FGM enables to change some kinds of properties and affinities in various ways.
Properties, conditions, and appearances of the ferrite powder are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1.
Curing behavior, in particular to the change of temperature, is an important factor because the magnetism of the particles is affected by high temperature.
To carry out the purpose, FGM is an expected material that enables to change the certain properties and affinities.

By a laser induced pre-treatment, the material properties are locally changed so that influencing the material flow is possible.
In this process the mechanical properties are locally modified by local heat treatment that causes microstructural changes.
An optimisation of the mechanical properties adapted to the component demands can be obtained, for example, using a CO2 laser.
Other publications on laser induced heating of aluminium alloys have shown that the mechanical properties can be influenced directly by short-time laser heating [2-4].
Experimental results Materials properties, after the bulk and local (laser) heat treatments, were evaluated by microhardness measurements.

Important factors to cast a rod with a convex shape are the speed of the molten metal ejected from a hole-nozzle and the collapse angle between the molten metal stream and the wheel.
Important factors that affected the cross sectional shape of cast-bar were the speed of molten metal ejected from the hole-nozzle and the collapse angle of the molten metal against the wheel.
Important factors that affected the cross sectional shape of cast-bar were the speed of molten metal ejected from the hole-nozzle and the collapse angle of the molten metal against the wheel.
Marcantoni, FROM MOLTEN METAL TO 3.2 mm WIRE FOR MECHANICAL APPLICATIONS, Light Metals 2012 Edited by: Carlos E.
Jabłoński, Effect of Iron Addition to Aluminium on the Structure and Properties of Wires Used for Electrical Purposes, Materials Science Forum, 690(2011), p. 459-462

The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array and optimization approach was applied on three levels of three critical factors, namely rotational speed, transverse speed and tool tilt angle.
Factors Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Rotational speed (rpm) 900 1000 1100 Transverse speed (mm/min) 90 100 110 Tilt angle 3˚ 4˚ 5˚ Results and discussion Fig. 1 shows the welded product.
Using the Taguchi method, the mean effect and Signal-to-Noise ratio (S/N) of each variations were calculated to analyse the influence of factors on the output (response).
Cavaliere, Friction Stir Welding of Al Alloys: Analysis of Processing Parameters Affecting Mechanical Behavior, Procedia CIRP 11 (2013) 139–144
Panella, Effect of welding parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of AA6082 joints produced by friction stir welding, J.

In realization of the heterogeneous welded joints, using different technology or technique of welding, one must take into account a number of factors such as [1]: the differences between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the two materials; the differences between the melting points of the materials; the degree of moistening for the surfaces of ceramic materials (non-metallic); the tendency to form intermetallic compounds or some distinct structural phases in the interface.
A brief description of the mechanical properties and chemical composition, corresponding to these two grades of steel, is presented in Table 1 and Table 2.
A brief description of the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the flux cored wire is presented in Table 3 based on the data in the quality certificate.
Mechanical properties of the basic materials Material Tensile Strength [MPa] Yield strength [MPa] Elongation [min,%] 316L 485 170 40 S235JR + AR 360 - 510 235 26 Table 2.
The chemical composition and mechanical properties of the filler material Filler material T 23 12 LPM 1/C1 Chemical composition [%] C Si Mn P S Cu Ni Cr Mo Nb N 0,04 0,65 0,600 0,019 0,009 0,133 12,540 22,85 0,162 0,025 0,0266 Mechanical properties Test temperature Yield strength ReL Tensile Strength Rm Elongation +20 [ºC] 460 [N/mm2] 610 [N/mm2] 31 [%] In order to execute the joint between the plates, a groove with the dimensions presented in Fig. 1 was made.

The main physical and chemical properties of talc were listed in Table.1.
Changes of properties by amount of dispersant Fig.5.
Changes of properties by ratio of phthalocyanine blue The amount of dispersant.
During the process of preparing TPBCP by mechanochemical methods, compound proportion of phthalocyanine blue was a critical role in affecting the properties of composite powder in addition to some other key conditions and factors.
Du: Effect of surface coating TiO2 on the properties of CaCO3/TiO2 composite material as a pigment, J.

For comparison purpose, the interaction of stress intensity factors (SIFs) is also examined in the study.
The magnifying factors of time-dependent fracture are obviously larger than that of the linear elastic fracture cases.
The properties are presented in Table 1.
Crack interaction is also affected by the creep exponent n.
For the bi-crack model, the interaction effect represented by C*-integral is influenced not only by the crack configurations but also by the material properties, especially the creep exponent n. 2.