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FE Simulation of Die Forging Process for High Pressure Valve Body Yang Yanga, Liwen Zhangb, Zhi Zhuc and Jianlin Zhangd School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR, China acommat@mail.dlut.edu.cn, bzhanglw@dlut.edu.cn, cstephen1985_chu@163.com, dzhjianlin2008@gmail.com Keywords: High pressure valve body, Die forging, Finite Element Simulation Abstract.
The material of billet and die were 18Cr12NiMo and H13 respectively.
The pre-forming operation is used to control the distribution of material and ensure the balance of billet when the billet is put into the pre-forging die cavity.
(2) The main reason leading to folding defects of high pressure valve body is the unreasonable material allocation of billet, and the appropriate pre-forming billet is the key to obtain the high quality forgings
References [1] LIU Yan-fang, DAI Zhen-kun, XIN Xiang-yang and TIAN Liang: Journal of Central South University Vol 18(2011), pp. 1589-1594 [2] GAO Wen-cheng: Heavy Casting and Forging Vol 3(2010), pp. 22-23 [3] ZHENG Bin-bin, DONG Chuan-yong, XUE Ke-min, LI Qi and ZHOU Jie-kui: Jouranl of Netshape Forming Engineering Vol 2(2010), pp. 61-63 [4] P.

A fracture mechanics investigation on crack growth in massive forming Gernot Trattnig 1,a, Christof Sommitsch 2,b, Reinhard Pippan 1,c 1 Erich Schmid Institute of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Leoben, Austria Christian Doppler Laboratory for local Analysis of Deformation and Fracture 2 Böhler Edelstahl GmbH, Kapfenberg, Austria a trattnig@unileoben.ac.at, bchristof.sommitsch@bohler-edelstahl.at, cpippan@unileoben.ac.at Keywords: crack growth, fracture toughness, stress triaxiality, crack opening displacement Abstract.
Material The experiments were carried out with the austenic steel X5NiCrTi26-15 (Böhler T200), which is used e.g. in aviation industry or as turbine blade material.
This brings the big advantages of saving testing time and material.
[2] E 1290-89: American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia (1989)
Rice: Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 35 (1968), p. 379

Xie et al [2] carried out high efficiency deep grinding test on zirconia ceramic and other ceramic materials; Liu Li Ping [3] used chrome corundum grinding wheel for ultra-precision grinding of silicon nitride ceramic.
According to Figure 4.a), the machined surface is obviously broken when grinding depth is 6μm, and there is deep pit formed on the workpiece surface due to material dropping off, with serious local breakage.
The increase in feed rate reduces the times of contact between grinding wheel and workpiece, increasing the maximum cutting thickness of single abrasive grain makes the increase in proportion of chipping removal from ceramic material, thus increasing surface roughness.
Acknowledgments This work is partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 51175122) References [1] J.Y.
Huang, et al: Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol.43 (2007) No.1, pp.176-184.

In order to evaluate the ecological economic benefit of the central city ecological park with concrete numerals, it will be divided into five aspects as follows [6]: the biological habitat function benefit, the climate regulation function benefit, the lower dirt and purification function benefit, the tourism leisure function benefit, the scientific research education function benefit and the material reproduction function benefit, with the market value method, the cost method, the shadow price method and result reference method, to estimate the ecological economic benefits about central city ecological park as shows in Table 2: Table of estimation of the ecological and economic benefits about city ecological park.
Table 2 Table of estimation of the ecological and economic benefits about city ecological park Function Biological habital Climatic regulation Pollution reducing and purification Leisure tourism Scientific research education Material production Total benefits million yuan /a 1195.05 15.84 1083.47 182.5 255.75 7511.78 10244.4 Proportion/% 11.67 0.15 10.58 1.78 2.5 73.33 100 Note: the total benefit of coal production efficiency 70.28% Table 2, shows that the city ecological park total economic benefits are RMB￥102.444 million, but the coal production accounts for 70.28% of the total benefits.
Main wet plants are Phragm ites australis and Typha angustata Bory et Chaub with strong water absorption capability, which can effectively regulate the air humidity, and absorb water in the contaminated materials, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the water quality.
(In Chinese) [3] Linyu Xu, Zhifeng Yang and Li Wei: Journal of Ecology (2005) (In Chinese) [4] Zuoru Yin, Zhiyi Deng: Journal of Xi'an Institute of Science and Technology (2000) (In Chinese) [5] Ming Gao: Journal of Urban and Rural Construction (2002) (In Chinese) [6] Kewu Cheng, Tiemin Zhang and Liu Jingwen: Tangshan Lake Wetland Park biodiversity and ecological planning (China Forestry press, Beijing 2010).
(In Chinese) [7] Meng Zhao: Journal of China Trade (2011) (In Chinese) [8] Information on http://www.tssv.cn/xinhuats/SH/201010/98848.html [9] Chunna Zhang, Fuping Li and Hongdong Lang: Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science(2009) (In Chinese)

Many experiments show that the stress-strain relationship of carbon fiber sheet is approximate to that of an ideal elastic material, thus the CFRP used in the FEM model is viewed as a kind of ideal elastic material.
Jiang: Tsinghua Science and Technology, 2004, 9(2), p. 130~137
Ye: China Civil Engineering Journal, 2003, 36(2), p. 46~51
Shahawy: Journal Composites for Construction.2001,(1), p. 26~34 [11] M.
Neale: Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE, 2004, 8(4), p. 323~331

A Computational Analysis of Flow Field in Twin-track Subway Tunnel to Improve Air Quality MakhsudaJuraevaa, Kyung Jin Ryua, Sang-Hyun Jeongb, and Dong JooSonga,* aSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Geyongsan-si, 712-749, South Korea, bKorea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon, South Korea *Corresponding author,E-mail: djsong@yu.ac.kr Keywords: Indoor Air Quality, Mechanical Air-Supply, Twin-Track Subway Tunnel, Train-Induced Flow Abstract.A computational model of existing Seoul subway tunnelwas analyzed in this research.
References [1] Jeon, J.S., Seo, J.W., Jeon, M.J., Eom, S.W., and Chae Y.Z., 2012, “Indoor Radon levels in the subway cabins of the Seoul metropolitan area”, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, Vol.28. pp. 374-383 (in korean) [2] Modic, J., 2003, “Fire simulation in road tunnels”, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology”, vol. 18, pp 525-530 [3] Ogawa, T., and Fujii, K., 1997, “Numerical investigation of three-dimensional compressible flows induced by a train moving into a tunnel, Computers & Fluids, vol. 26, pp 565-585 [4] Chen, T.Y., Lee, Y.T., and Hsu, C.C., 1998, “Investigations of piston-effect and jet fan-effect in model vehicle tunnels”, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, vol.73, pp 99-110 [5] Li, J., Peng, H., and Li S.J., 2006, “Numerical simulation of flow characteristics in bidirectional subway tunnel”, Journal of Thermal Science and Technology, vol. 5, pp 331-334 [6] Waymel, F., Monnoyer, F., and William-Louis, M.J.P., 2006,
” Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment, vol.2-1, pp. 60-67 [9] ANSYS CFX, 2009, ANSYS Workbench, ICEM-CFD, CFX-Pre, CFX-Solver, CFX-Post User’s Manual
[10]Kim, J.Y. and Kim K.Y., 2007, “Experimental and numerical analyses of train-induced unsteady tunnel flow in subway”, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology”, vol.22, pp 166-172 [11] Menter, F.R, 1994, “Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications” AIAA-Journal., vol.32, pp 269-289 [12] Wilcox, D.C., 1993, “Comparison of Two Equation Turbulence Models for Boundary Layers with Pressure Gradient,” AIAA Journal, vol. 31, N.9, pp.1414-1421

The model assumes the destruction of the concrete material to crack and crush.
The paper is financially supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities through Grant JUSRP21005 and National Students' Innovation Fund at Jiangnan University References [1] Hongtie Zhao: Steel and concrete composite structures (Science Press, Beijing 2001)
[2] Suzuki H, Nishihara H and Matsuzaki Y: Proceedings of the Japan Concrete Institute, Vol. 21(1999) No.3, p. 577-582 [3] Suzuki H, Nishihara H and Matsuzaki Y: Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting, (1999), p. 1069-1070 [4] Okamoto M, Baba N and Nishimura Y: Summaries of Technical Papers of Annual Meeting, (1999), p. 1063-1064 [5] Jianyang Xue, Kai Wu and Hongtie Zhao: Journal of Building Structures, Vol. 31(2010) No.11, p. 102-110 [6] Kai Wu, Jianyang Xue and Hongtie Zhao: Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, Vol. 32(2010) No.9, p. 218-221 [7] Lieping Ye, Ehua Fang: China Civil Engineering Journal, Vol. 33(2000) No.5, p. 1-12

The material properties used in the analytical solution are given in table 1.
Leipertz, Heat transfer in sub cooled jet impingement boiling at high wall temperatures, International Journal Heat Mass Transfer, 46 (2003) 1385-1395
Chakraborty, Spray evaporative cooling to achieve ultra fast cooling in run out table, International Journal of Thermal Science, vol 48 (2009) 1941-1747
Optimizing and Predicting CHF in Spray Cooling of a Square Surface”, Journal of heat transfers, 16(1995)12-19.

The Risk Management of Whole Life Cycle of IT Outsourcing Project Li Zhigang1, a 1Jiangxi Science＆Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330013, P.R.
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Lu: Chinese Journal of management, Vol. 2 (2013) No.S2, p.5
Li: The Journal of Quantitative & Technical Economics, (2012) No.11, p.68

Introduction Industrial manipulators are now being used to perform such tasks as spot welding, spray painting, material handling, and component assembly.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61175106.
Industrial Robot: An International Journal Vol35(2008) [4] Solvang B, Sziebig G, Korondi P.
Robot Manipulators, edited by InTechWeb, Vienna (2008) [5] Pedro Neto, J.Norberto Pires: submitted to Journal of Robot and Human Interactive Communication(2009) [6] Kazi A, Bunsendal J,Haag D, et al.
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