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Various Sn-Pb alloys have been the predominant coating materials covering Cu leads in the electronic components for many years.
Lee: Acta Materials, Vol. 46 (1998), p.3701
Nguyen: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 92 (2002), p.64
Tu and N.Tamura: Acta Materials, Vol. 51 (2003), p.6253
Tu: Material Science and Engineering, Vol. 38 (2002), p.92

IEEE Trans. on Plasma Science, VOL, PS-11, no.3, Sep. 1983
[2] F.J.Zanner, L.A.Bertram, R.Harrison, et.al., Relationship between Furnace Voltage Signatures and the Operational Parameters Arc Power, Arc Current, CO Pressure, and Electrode Gap during Vacuum Arc Melting INCONEL 718, Metallurgical and Materials Trans.
Model-Based Melt Rate Control During Vacuum Arc Remelting of Alloy 718, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, Vol. 35B，no.1, 2004, pp.101-113
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, Vol. 12B，Dec. 1981, 721-728
[7] D.K.Melgaard, R.L.Williamson and J.J Beaman, Controlling Remelting Processes for Superalloys and Aerospace Ti Alloys, JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Vol.50, no.3, 1998, pp.13-17.

Fabrication of Semisolid Billets of Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy by Severe Plastic Deformation and Remelting Haixia Shi a, Dehong Lu b, Hui Gong, Rong Zhou Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan ashihaixia74@sina.com, bldhongkust@126.com Keywords: Severe Plastic Deformation, Friction Stir Processing, Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy, Semisolid Billets Abstract.
Introduction Hypereutectic Al-Si alloy has been developed one of the main materials for engine pistons and cylinder liners.
On the contrary, if these hard-brittle second phases get refined and granulated, they would become the enhanced phases and greatly improve the mechanical properties of materials.
Experimental detail Materials.
Birol: Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 207 (2008), p. 200 [4] H.

Now there are two kinds of materials, called material A and material B , to be selected to manufacture the rivet.
P. van der Aalst: The Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers Vol. 8(1) (1998), p.21-66
EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science (Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1997), p.1-234
EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science (Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1997)
Li: Journal of Software Vol.18 (1) (2007), p.1-10.

Schmid [9] defined the multiferroics as single phase materials which simultaneously possess two or more primary ferroic properties.
In the past decade, several hundreds of papers related to multiferroic materials and magnetoelectric effect have been published every year, making this topic one of the hottest areas in condensed matter physics from fundamental science as well as applications viewpoints.
It should be noted here that in many reports on various orthorhombic materials, the T3/2 and T2 magnetic terms were not resolved [58, 62].
Spaldin: Nature Materials, Vol 6 (2007), p. 21
K Choi: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol 42 (2009), p. 125304

(3) Strength failure criteria Using the ANSYS program with Willam-Warnke five-parameter failure criterions .Multilinear isotropic hardening model (M150) .This failure criterion can better predict the destruction of the concrete material
Square steel tube recycled concrete column eccentric compression bearing performance test research［J］Journal of Building Structures, Vol. 33 No. 9 Sep．2012.
Beijing:Science press ,2004.
Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2006, 62 ( 12 ) :1310-1324 [5] Wu Bo, Liu Wei, Liu Qiongxiang, etal.
China Civil Engineering Journal, 2010, 43( 2) : 32-38.

The highest potential shall be used to represent the true BMP of the materials.
Materials and methods 2.1.
B. van Lier, Water Science and Technology, (2009), p. 927-934 [9] F.
Qiu: Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol.178 (2010), p. 89-93 [11] R.
Songkasiri: Asian Journal on Energy and Environment Vol. 10 (2009), p. 19-27

Introduction With wide application of steel structure system, the cold-formed thin-walled steel has become a main material gradually [1-3].
As a high performance materials, the cold-formed thin-walled steel tube could bear larger loads through changing cross section, and have high integral rigidity[4].
Outline of Experiments Materials Quality Testing.
According to these regulations of Steel and Steel Products-Location and Preparation of Test Pieces for Mechanical Testing (Chinese Code GB/T2975-1998) and Metallic Materials-Test Pieces for Tensile Testing (Chinese Code GB/6397-88), one group of test specimens is needed for each thickness, and every group must have three specimens, totally three groups and nine specimens.
Meyer : Journal of Structural Engineering Vol.113, No. 3 (1987), p. 429 [9] RW.

Study of Frost Resistance on Air-Entrained Concrete in Sulfated Medium Ge Yong 1, a , Yuan Jie 1, b , Wen-Cui Yang 1, c and Bao-Sheng Zhang 1 1 School of Material Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China a geyong@hit.edu.cn, byuanjie@hit.edu.cn, ckeriy@126.com Keywords: Air-entrained concrete; Sodium sulfate; Freeze-thaw cycles; Scaling; dynamic elastic modulus Abstract.
Experimental Procedure Material and Mix Proportions A Grade 32.5 ordinary Portland cement according Chinese standard GB175-1999 and Grade І fly ash are used.
Fig. 7 Deterioration of concrete in sodium sulfate solution References [1] Lulu Basheer, Joerg Kropp, David J, Cleland: Assessment of the durability of concrete from its permeation properties: a review, Construction and Building Materials, 15 (2001), pp. 93-103
[2] Michel Pigeon, Jacques Marchand, Richard Pleau: Frost resistant concrete, Construction and Building Materials, Vol.10, No.5, 1996, pp. 339-348
Journal of Gansu University of Technology, Vol.28, No.2, 2002, pp.100-102 (in Chinese)

School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, P.
Experimental Materials and methods.
For analytical quality assurance of TP determination, a soil of China's National Reference Materials (Sample Code: GBW 07403) was applied and the relative error was less than 5.00%.
Niu and H.Q .Ren: Journal of Agro-Environment Science Vol. 25, (2006) 1328-1332.
Qin: Science in China (Series D: Earth Sciences) Vol. 36, (2006) 1122-1130