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It can assist in testing samples and exacting unknown data to obtain favorable classification goal, which is to obtain a good learning ability for generalization.
The third factor is how to find a classification mechanism based on the features of these limited samples, so that it can assist in testing samples and exacting unknown data to obtain favorable classification goal, which is to cultivate a good learning ability for generalization[2].
However, PCA and SVD are only applicable to data analysis when based on the amount of energy to eliminate second-order serial correlation among different data; while ICA is effective in eliminating high-order serial correlation among data[3][4].
Xm stands for the image training sample which has undergone reduction, and every sample image block stands for one row in xm, with xm the matrix m x L.
Conduct pre-processing of the sample data based on specific problems.

The dynamics of cooling water distribution produced by power plant in Paiton district studied by processing the image data of Landsat 8 thermal band using time series data (2013-2015).
Correction aims to reduce the noise in the data.
Radiometric correction on Landsat data covering conversion into a digital value and reflectance radiance values [3].
The data extracted from March represent SST in rainy season, while July and September data represent dry season.
Split-Window Methods for Surface Temperature Estimation from DAIS Data.

SEM imaging and EBSD data has then made it possible to characterize the influence of particle dissolution and grain boundary misorientation on the onset of abnormal grain growth.
The driving force for this process is the reduction of stored energy, via a reduction in grain boundary area.
Abnormal grain coarsening may occur as a result of the dissolution and coarsening of pinning particles, leading to a localised reduction in pinning pressure [3, 7-10].
EBSD data obtained from samples containing island grains present inside abnormally large grains made it possible to measure the misorientation between such grains.
Analysis of the EBSD data made it possible to suggest possible original locations of these newly formed abnormally large grains.

Structure Analysis and Quality Prediction of DP Steel Engine Hood in the Process of Hot Stamping Zhiping Zhang1,a, Hanwu Liu2,b, Tianxiang Chen2, Zhangyi Yu2 1Sch. of Humanities and Social Sciences, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Sanhe, Hebei, 065201, China 2Sch. of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Sanhe, Hebei, 065201, China azhipingzhanghk@sohu.com, bhanwu-liu@sohu.com Keywords: Strain analysis; Engine hood; Hot stamping; Reduction; Break Abstract.
Duplex steel possesses good forming performance, such as high strength, continuous yield, and the high initial work hardening index, and is  propitious for energy absorbing in collision, thus taking dual advantage of weight reduction and security in automobile industry[2,3].
Testing and evaluation of material data for analysis of forming and hardening of boron steel components.

Their analysis was based in the study of damage threshold reduction.
The creation of metallic nanoparticles in glass comprehends the ions reduction to atoms and subsequent diffusion and aggregation of these atoms by a thermal process (usually, annealing).
However, direct reduction by photonic or multiphotonic processes is not expected for IR laser beams with pulses longer than picoseconds.
Obtained data shows that it is possible the creation of metallic nanoparticles inside transparent glass induced by a near-infrared nanosecond laser, although multiphotonic effects occur for interaction times lower than a few picoseconds (quite faster than those of nanosecond nature).
So we suggest that the reduction of metallic ions in the irradiated area is initiated from plasma formation when the sample was irradiated by a focused nanosecond near-infrared laser irradiation.

The reductions of net radiation heat flux can reach to 279.57W/m2.
Especially for the roofs, the reduction is about 9.95Wh /m2 per day and the energy use reducing rate is up to 67.7%.
Reductions of temporary buildings are 83.83kWh and the value is 1490.03 kWh to the temporary factory buildings in the summer and winter.
So the data can only explain a main tendency of the energy saving effect.
Conclusions When the heat-reflective coating was used on building envelop, the roof has the maximum reduction of net radiation heat flux.

Introduction The vertical-horizontal (V-H) rolling process is an important method for width reduction during a hot plate rolling process [1, 2].
Shun et al. [6] have investigated the thickness distribution of different slabs during edging process and the width spread after thickness reduction following the edging.
Fig. 2(a) is an example of the calculated displacement- X distribution after edging with a reduction amount of 60mm during the pass 4, and Fig. 2(b) is the displacement-Z distribution.
When edging is followed by a reduction in thickness, the plate width spread will occur, including the spread of the bulges and the spread due to the reduction in thickness excluding the bulging spread.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support and production data received from Jiangsu Shagang Group.

It researched the work hardening performance of experimental materials at high temperature tempering state and the effect of different tempering temperatures on the microstructure and properties of cold deformed low carbon bainitic steel, providing test data for the plastic processing of this type steel.
Results and discussions Mechanical properties at different temperature tempering after pre-tension deformation The mechanical properties of low carbon beinaite steel being tempered at at 300°C after hot-rolled were: tensile strength 1105Mpa, Yield strength 890Mpa, percentage elongation 19.5% and percentage reduction of area 59%, respectively.
Data indicated plastic deformation can also improving the strength of the material.
The percentage elongation and reduction of area first decreased and then increased with the tempering temperature raising (Fig.1b), reached its minimum value that were elongation 12.5% and percentage reduction of area 56.2% at 300°C, and it increased gradually when the tempering temperature exceeded 300°C.
The percentage elongation and reduction of area first decreased then increased, and they reached their minimum values of elongation to 12.5% and percentage reduction of area to 56.2% at 300°C.

For its ability to access otherwise-inaccessible regions, lower cost of operation, improved data quality, and the ability to acquire nearly synoptic observations of processes in the water column, the AUV is widely used in ocean investigation.
The calculated lift and drag aerodynamic forces, based on the data of Fig.3, are specified with respect to this axis.
In the simulation undertaken the wing areas used correspond to W1 followed by a sequences of wings with area reduce by 10% until area is 10% of W1 together with a final reduction of 5%.
The increase in speed u with reducing area is to be expected since there will be an associated reduction in drag.
A reduction in area greater than 20% is likely to produce entry velocity to damage AUV and/or affect a functionality of payload.

Low-carbon industrial structure and industrial structure optimization Rationalization of the industrial structure in the low-carbon economy mode is based on the concept of saving economy, lasting economy and accompanied economy, under the principle to reduction of resources , re-use , recycling , and generating alternative, regarding the use of material energy echelon and closed loop as the path, and by the means of natural resources, reduction , recovery , regeneration, based on enhancing socio-economic development and sustainable use of resources , environment constantly purification, coordination between industry and industry and improve the level of industry association to achieve scientific and rational , long-lasting steady-state growth in the harmonious industrial structure state .
The history of the Chinese carbon emissions and the industrial structure associated According to IEA data , China 's carbon intensity in 1970 is 2560 tons carbon dioxide per million GDP, 1943 tons of carbon dioxide for per million GDP in 1980 , in 1990 it dropped further to 1252 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP ,further to GDP605 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP in 2002 .
According to their forecasts, the data in 2015, 2020 and 2025 , respectively 500 , 436 and 375 tons of carbon dioxide per million GDP .
Lack of specialized carbon tax , carbon emission reduction policies has not been strong coordination of fiscal and taxation systems .
Conclusion In order to achieve a low-carbon economy , China must face up to the stage of development and specific national conditions , take the road of "low-carbon development" , the progressive realization of the reduction of carbon emissions in the process of development , and to achieve this goal the most important and fundamental means of upgrading of industrial structure and low-carbon .