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Introduction Multilayers constitute a group of materials enjoying a growing interest of scientists owing to their unique properties.
Being composed of alternate layers of different metals or their alloys, these materials exhibit unusual electrical, optical, magnetic and mechanical properties [1,2].
Experiment Material.
Zhao: Materials Characterization Vol. 59 (2008), p. 1285 [9] T.
Brückl: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 316 (2007) p.998B

Wan2,3 1College of Physics and Electronic Information Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, P.R.
Nanostructure multiphase composites and multicomponent materials in which the dimensions of the individual phases or components are in the range from 3 to 20 nm represent a new class of engineering materials [5,6], These materials consists of nanometer sized crystals embedded in a preferable matrix which may be either amorphous or nanocrystalline [7].
Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 012CB933604), National Natural Science Foundation of China (51272176, 11075116), and the Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, China.
Mai, Residual stress, microstructure, and structure of tungsten thin films deposited by magnetron, Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000) 177
Mateeva, I.Dahan, et al., Wettability of NiAl, Ni-Al-N, Ti-B-C, and Ti-B-C-N films by glass at high temperatures, Surf Coat Technol. 133-134 (2000) 8 [5] H.Gleiter, Nanostructured materials: basic concepts and microstructure, Acta Mater 48 (2000) 1-29 [6] P.

Key Laboratory of New Packaging Materials and Technology , Hunan University of Technology,China; 2.
This work focuses on the influences of synthesis parameters such as PEG volume,reaction temperature, final solution pH,anhydrous ethanol volume and soluble glass concentration on the average particle size of products and characterisation of silica powders derived from soluble glass and silicon tetrachloride. 2 Na2SiO3 + SiCl4 + 3n H2O = 3 SiO2•n H2O + 4NaCl Materials and methods 2.1 Reagents and raw materials The silicon tetrachloride and soluble glass used in this work was taken from Zhuzhou Chemical Industry Group Company Limited in Hunan province.
(In Chinese) [2]Yue-lin Wang.The comprehensive utilization technique of silicon tetrachloride,the byproduct of polysilicon [J].Applied science and technology,2009,17(2):22-24.
(In Chinese) [3]J.R.Heley,D.Jackson,P.F.James.Fine low density silica powders prepared by supercritical drying of gels derived from silicon tetrachloride[J].Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids186(1995)30-36
[6]Ming-ming Zhang.Preparation of spherical silica nanoparticles[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science degree thesis.

Joseph et al. [2] enlightened the favorable aspects of natural fibers that have found use as potential source for making low cost composite materials.
Materials and Design, 32: 453-461
Composites Science and Technology, 53(1): 99 -110
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 20(11): 273-294
Composites Science and Technology, 41(2): 165-178

Processing Parameters and Microstructure of 6mm 6061 Aluminum Alloy Joints by Friction Stir Welding Yang Jia1, a, Ke-Hong Wang2,b 1,2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China ajiayang@njust.edu.cn, bwkh1602@126.com Keywords: Friction stir welding, Processing parameters, Mechanical properties, Microstructure, Aluminum alloy Abstract.
Plastic strain accumulated in the materials with stirring, and as a result, high density of dislocations were formed within grain interiors.
Due to the high stored energy, the new recrystallized grains are much smaller than those of parent materials.
Friction stir welding process goes commercial: Welding Journal, Vol.76(1997), P.55
Orthogonal and uniform experimental design: Science Press(2001)

Influence of Electromagnetic Stirring Parameters and Isothermal Extruding on Semi-Solid Forming Performance of ZA27 Alloys Xingwang Duan1, Xiaohong You1, Jihong Tian1 1College of Materials Science and Engineering , Taiyuan University of Science and Technology , Taiyuan 030024 , China Email:wuyan428@sina.com Sponsored by special grand national science-technology project (No.2009ZX04014-062) Keywords: Electromagnetic Stirring, Isothermal Extruding, Semi-Solid Forming, ZA27, Recrystallization Abstract.
Electromagnetic Stirring Experiment The material chemical composition is shown in Table 1.
Gao: Chinese Science Bulletin, Vol. 53 (2008) No.8, pp.882-887.
Zhu: Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society, Vol. 23 (2004) No.4, pp.442.
Duan: Exerimental Study on Semi-Solid Thixoforming of ZA27 Alloys(MS., Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, China 2004).

Liling LIU 1 and Qingqing NI 3, c 1 School of Materials Science & Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong Univ., Chengdu 610031, China 2 NanChang Branch, Jiangxi University of Science & Technology, Nanchang 330013, PR China 3 Dept. of Functional Machinery & Mechanics, Shinshu Univ., 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan a daiguangze@swjtu.cn, b tonyzxf927@163.com, c niqq@shinshu-u.ac.jp *corresponding author Keyword: GF/HDPE, Stress-induced reaction, Strengthen effect ABSTRACT: For the short glass fiber reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE), a high shearing stress-induced HDPE and MAH functional reaction method was introduced which was achieved by increasing the twin screw extruder rotation speed during melting extrusion process.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 50572092), Key Research Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Ministry of China (No.05GG009-003), Research Founds of Southwest Jiaotong University of China (No.2005B16), International Research Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Ministry of China (No. 2006H12-026) and Key International Cooperation and Invitation Grants for Foreigner Researcher of China Education Ministry (2006) for their supports in this research.
Beijing Chemical University Journal 25(1998) 34~37
Macromolecular materials science and engineering 182 (2002) 159~162.

LIPI Gd. 20, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia 2 Research Center of Physics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl.
LIPI Gd. 80, Bandung, 40135, Indonesia 3 Technical Implementation Unit for Instrumentation Development, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl.
Some of the parameter such the material properties are shown in Table 1.
Moreover thanks to Research Center for Power and Mechatronics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, for facilitating the finite element simulation using ANSYS.
M. : Modal analysis and testing of rotating structures, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Vol. 2, Issue 8, August 2013. 359 (2001), pp. 3915-3920 [5] M.

Any dielectric fluid must have dielectric properties because of erode the materials by producing spark.
Copper, Brass and Tungsten copper are used as electrode materials.
Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 20(2015) 70-78
[8] Satish Kumar, Ashwani Kumar Dhingra, Sanjeev Kumar, Parametric optimization of powder mixed electrical discharge machining for nickel based superalloy inconel-800 using response surface methodology, Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Modern Processes 3 (2017)
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 197 (2017) 012068

Materials and Methods Sediments sampling and chemical analysis.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the auspices of National Great Fund for Social Science (No. 09AZD026) and Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Program (No. 2011BAJ06B02).
Environmental Science and Technology, 21 (2007) 7417-7423
Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 5 (2007): 1933-1936
Analysis Methods of Soil Agricultural Chemistry, first ed., Chinese Agricultural Sciences Press, Beijing, 1999.