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Then, based on this algorithm, a batch of FECG algorithms have been emerged for the noisy free data [9-15].
Moreover, we can assume without losing generality that the sensor data are prewhitened, thus, .
Robust Noise Reduction Technique.
Consider T variate data according to the model, the covariance matrix is , where .
Zeevi, Extraction of a source from multichannel data using sparse decomposition, Neurocomput. 49 (1-4) (2002) 163-173

Many adaptive filters for speckle reduction have been presented in recent years[1-3].
Multifractal Denoising Multifractal analysis of images Recently, there has been considerable interest in using the multifractal analysis as a powerful tool for recovering SAR images from noisy data[14-17].
Multifractal denoising doesn’t make any assumption about the noise structure, nor the way it interacts with the data.
Wavelet based speckle reduction with application to SAR based ATD/R. in 1st Int.
Signal and Data Processing of Small Targets, Proc.

Reduction of the amount of eutectic and increase of α-phase microhardness indicate a greater silicon content in this phase.
According to the obtained data the maximum concentration of Si in the α-phase of untreated metal reached 1.36-1.66 wt. %.
However, comparing the obtained results with the data of different types of external influence on the melt it became possible to find some similarities.
Microstructure of Al-5 mas. % Si alloy: a – no US treatment: b – with US treatment Conflicting data of these and other authors about the changes in the morphology of eutectic silicon particles can be explained by the choice of temperature of exposure.
When exposed at the early stages of crystallization, the reduction of silicon particle size occurs as a result of cavitation.

The hysteresis curves show reduction in saturation magnetization in case of nanoparticles as compared to their bulk counterparts.
From the application point of view, the superparamagnetic blocking temperature (TB) of the nanoparticles used for recording devices should be well above the room temperature in order to have a stable data recording in these devices.
The stability of electronic and high density data storage devices made by magnetic nanocomposites is limited by their superparamagnetic transition.
Fig. 2 shows Langevin function fitting on the superparamagnetic M-H data at 300 K for S1, S2, S3 and S4 samples.
The values of saturation magnetization (Ms) were obtained by plotting the M versus 1/H curves and extrapolating the data to 1/H→0.

Then the measurement data are record with the laser scanner software (Polygon Editing Tool, version 1.03; Minolta Co)
- 3D Digital Image Data processing--reverse engineering Once the measurement data of the human buttock are recorded, the data are imported into Geomagic Studio 10.0 software (Raindrop Geomagic Inc.) as point-cloud for surface reconstruction.
The next step is to align a set of partial scans, registration for unifying the coordinate systems for multiple sets of scan data and merging of multiple sets of scan data (different clouds) into a single model (fig.1b).
Reduction of sitting pressures with custom contoured cushions.
Reduction of sitting pressures with custom contoured cushions.

Laboratory structure and data acquisition The laboratory structure used in the experiments is shown in Fig. 2.
Accelerations were measured in the direction of shaking at 400Hz using a computer fitted with a data-logging card.
All data was filtered with a zero phase shift 50Hz low pass filter.
Afterwards the acceleration data was decimated by a factor of four for modal analysis and eight for time series modeling.
The acceleration time history of each storey was modelled using an AR(12) model with no data normalizing procedures applied.

Radial basis function neural network method was used for compressed data research, 40 groups of experimental data were trained for each strain, based on which 30 groups of unknown data were identified.
Data Compression by Wavelet Transform.
The data of 168 points for each group were obtained after the compression of original mass data (1341 data points).
Fig. 2 showed the data curve after compression.
It can be found from the comparison with Fig. 1 that, the compressed data retained the characteristic peak in the original spectrum, but there was a substantial reduction in compressed data, which could facilitate the subsequent processing [19, 22, 23].

Following, the results from the Taguchi experiment were used as the learning data for an artificial neural network (ANN) model that could predict the tilt angles at discrete levels.
The objective of a data-acquisition system is to comprehensively collect and integrate all relevant data.
The experimental results show that Taguchi’s robust design achieved an improvement of 11.01 dB in the S/N ratio, amounting to a 71.97% reduction in the sensitivity variation.
On the basis of a comparison of the ANN model and the GA compared with the experimental results, the experimental results prove that 79.07% and 81.47% reductions in variation of sensitivity can be achieved by using the Taguchi method and the neural-genetic algorithm during Nov.

This research work will complement the ultrasonic-stress reduction theory and may contribute to the development of micro electroforming technology.
Measurement data were smoothed and fitted by origin data analysis software in calculative process.
Our experimental datas are consistent with those results.
This indicates that introducing ultrasonic in the micro electroforming process has a marked effect on stress reduction.
Sheldon, et al, Microstructural origins of saccharin-induced stress reduction in electrodeposited Ni, J.

The manner, in which bacteria affect the surface reactivity and the mechanism of bacteria adsorption, is still unknown and accumulation of the primary data in this area is only starting.
In fact, mining waste is one of the largest waste streams and is responsible for 18% of overall waste generation (OSCE data 1998).
Redox cycle of sulfur - oxidations are shown in yellow (grey) arrows and reductions in red (dark).
Either case, the mechanisms of biotic degradation, being based on indirect data, remains entirely speculative.
Progress in this area is hampered by a deficit of direct, not to mention in situ, spectroscopic molecular/atomic-level data about the mineral-bacterium interfaces.