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The work condition of the turbine blade are heavier by occurrence of the thermal and mechanical stress, thermal degradation of material, creep, erosion etc.
Fig.1 The structure of H418 impeller Fig. 2 Blade number (1) Material Properties The material of the impeller is FV520B-I.
The material parameters were specified according to the actual values:Young’s modulus 2.1×105MPa, Poisson’s ratio 0.3, Density 7860kg/m3
Acknowledgment The present investigation has been sponsored by the national science foundation of China (51279095), the national 973 Project (2011CB013403), the science foundation of Shandong province of China (ZR2010EM032), Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University (IIFSDU2012ZD033）and the Funding of Postdoctoral Innovation Projects of Shandong Province (201102011).
Balaras: Journal of Fluids and Structures, Vol.24 (2008), p.167

Columnar to equiaxed transition in solidification processing[J] .Science and Technology of Advanced Materials ,2001(2):185 - 191 [2] Shenoy M M, McDowell D L, Neu R W.
International Journal of Plasticity, 2006,22(12): 2301-2306 [3] Liping Feng, Weidong Huang, Xin Lin, etal.
Epitaxial laser metal forming:analysis of microstructure formation[J].Materials Science and Engineering,1999,A271:232-241

Experimental Material.
Development and research on ferritic stainless steel, Journal of Iron and Steel Research, Vol. 1-4 (2009), p. 21(10)
Electrolytic pickling of the oxide layer on hot-rolled 304 stainless steel in sodium sulphate, Corrosion Science, Vol. 2824-2830(2008), p. 50(10)
Poly(o-phenylenediamine) as an inhibitor of mild steel corrosion in HCl solution, Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 20-27(2010), p. 123(1)
Effect of Cl- concentration on corrosion resistance of CrCoMo stainless steel, Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, Vol. 172-174(2005), 17(3)

Introduction Laser marking is the best and most applied permanent marking method, which employs a thermal process that utilises high intensity beam of focused laser light to create a contrasting mark on the material surface[1].
Substrate Materials.
The substrate material used in the laser marking experiment is TC4 titanium alloy sheets 2mm in thickness.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by NationalNatural Science Foundation (51375275).
David Porter: Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Vol. 129(2007), p. 583 [4] A.

Apatsidis et al studied the pressure redistribution effect of different materials including viscoelastic polyurethane foams and gels [11].
International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2008, 45: 784-801
Pressure Distribution at the Seating Interface of Custom-Molded Wheelchair Seats: Effect of Various Materials.
Predictability and granular materials [J].
Science. 2006, 3 (12): 1631-1633

Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications Preparation of Maghemite Nanoparticles for Clinical Applications Kyoungja Woo*, Ho jin Lee Nano-Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.
Introduction Magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite nanoparticles have attracted increasing attention as promising candidate materials for clinical applications such as drug delivery system, magnetic resonance imaging reagent, cell separation and labeling, and AC magnetic field-assisted cancer therapy [1-3].
The proposed material transformation in a reverse micelle is shown in Scheme 1.

Mechanics theory of vacuum chamber Acorrding to actual working condition of vacuum electron beam welding machine, the selected material of chamber is low carbon steel.
Therefore,in the actual production,we not only waste a lot of material, and can't easily control the deformation of vacuum chamber.
Looking up the related manual about mechanical design,we can get material property parameters.
Through this optimization, the thickness of vacuum chamber reduce by 2mm,and save about one ton materials.Besides,the deformation changes from 2.278mm to 1.452mm.
References [1] Junyuan Wang and Suhui Wang:Journal of Shanxi Normal University Vol. 21(2007), p. 51-55,in Chinese

The three-dimensional influences around the interfacial crack tip are not caused only by the existence of the crack per se, but they also depend on presence of the material mismatch along the interface.
The Problem Formulation The stress field the around the tip of a crack at the interface between the two different materials is a linear combination of the types of fields, the coupled oscillatory field, which is defined by the complex stress intensity factorand the non-oscillatory field, which is measured by the real stress intensity factor KIII.
Parameter e is called the oscillatory index, it is a characteristics of the interface crack and is determined as, [2]: , , (2) where b is one of the two Dundurs' parameters, [3], where mi is the shear modulus, ni is the Poisson's ratio, subscripts i = 1, 2 refer to material above and below the interface, respectively, while is valid for the plane strain state and is valid for the plane stress state.
From Fig. 4 is also visible that the extension of the 3D zone at the lower material side is significantly smaller, which is due to the fact that it has very small deformation. 4.
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231.1 (2017): 31-43

Introduction DIC technique could be used to assess the deformation of any structure, materials in point and the localized deformation is measured by processing two high quality digital cameras.
A detailed design and fabrication of test rig, LMMB set, material selection and their application are discussed in [3, 4].
From the Figure it is also revealed that the raceway relative approach values was slightly fluctuating initially for the following reasons: 1) LMMB raceway tolerance and flatness (geometry), 2) Improper heat treatment followed by its material properties, 3) Bearing ball tolerance and, 4) Non standardization of hardening on material.
Acknowledgement The authors thank Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences, Mumbai which provided financial support for carrying out this research work at Structural Mechanics Laboratory at Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam, India.
H Clausen, F Hild, A study of localization in dual-phase high-strength steels under dynamic loading using digital image correlation and FE analysis, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 45 (2008) 601–619

Extraction of m-β-Hydroxyethylsulfonyl aniline from reactive dye wastewater Junfeng Hua1, a, Zaiqing Sun2,b, Yanfei Wei3,c and Mei Huang1,d* 1Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou，310027, China 2Wujin Environmental Monitoring Station, Changzhou, 213159, China 3Environmental Science Research & Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310007, China ahuajf1988@163.com, bsunzaiqing2008@sohu.com, cweiyf365@tom.com, dhuangm@zju.edu.cn(corresponding author) Keywords: m-β-Hydroxyethylsulfonyl aniline; extraction; tributyl phosphate/petroleum ether; reactive dye wastewater Abstract. m-β-hydroxyethylsulfonyl aniline is one of the important reactants in synthesizing reactive black KNB.
Experimental section Materials.
Memon, M.Yilmaz, Evaluation of the performance of calyxarene derivatives as liquid phase extraction material for the removal of azo dyes, Journal of Hazardous Materials. 158(2008) 202-207