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A digital approach is applied to aid NPD process, so as to assess design effect, which based on Computer Aid Design, Reverse Engineering (RE).
Product concept generation The concept design phase of new product development is the most important phase of NPD process, which is highly depend on the collaboration of marketing and engineering.
For massive volume product, it is hard to verify functional design or ergonomic performance, thus, a reverse engineering design technology (RE) is applied.
Tseng, Incorporating Probabilistic Model of Customers’ Preferences in Concurrent Engineering.
[7] T.Varady, R.R.Martin, J.Cox, Reverse engineering of geometric models—an introduction, Computer-Aided Design, (1997),29(4)p255–268.

In the foundation reinforcement process, original nature soil is replaced or reinforced or adding some hi-strength material in natural foundation[1].
Engineering site was located at the test section of T-shaped bidirectional soil-cement deep mixing column on Shanghai-Hangzhou Highway, in which, the soft soil layer had a 10-20m depth.
Generalized composite foundation theory and engineering application.
Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 29(1), 1-13
China Civil Engineering Journal, 32(4), 57-63

Feature Selection for Object Recognition By Property Related Analysis Zhang Yongmei a, Ma Lib School of Information Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China azhangym@ncut.edu.cn, bmali@ncut.edu.cn Key words: Data Mining; Association analysis; Object recognition Abstract.
Target feature analysis Panchromatic sensors SAR sensors Infrared sensors Recognition of target geometry Fine geometry features Target height (based on shadow features) Geometric features in the specified infrared spectrum Recognition of target composition Analyze material through target texture Analyze composition of the material(such as metal and nonmetal) Analyze material according to thermal inertia Table 1 Requirements of different object recognition on data source First, we can extract river areas through near infrared images, then respectively recognize the objects in the corresponding river areas in the panchromatic and SAR images.

Artistic Characteristics of Harbin Middle East Railway Employees’ Apartments Jun Zhang1,2,a , Daping Liu1, Yi Zhang1 1Harbin Institute of Technology， School of Architecture 2Northeast Forestry University, School of Civil Engineering a13704515827@126.com Keywords: Harbin Middle East Railway employees’ apartments, architectural style and aesthetic perspective .
It has become the key representative of the advanced architectural concept at that time and is also the specific embodiment of the style of Harbin Middle East Railway senior employees’ villas.
It’s indicated by the national aesthetic psychological research that the ecological environment of a nation, especially the material production method and living production method radically constraints the formation, evolution and development inclination of its aesthetic psychology; however, when such environment got changed due to the invasion of other geographical cultures, the aesthetic perspective that is infiltrated with national culture will also change.
Undoubtedly, cultural spread will change as the geographical area changes, for example, the change of construction materials.

The Identification of Green Tea Based on Feature Extraction Rongxiang Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xiaohui Zhao, Yanwei Zhang, Guang Li, and Xiaowei Li Key Laboratory of Photo-Electricity Information Materials of Hebei Province College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University Baoding, China zrx@hbu.edu.cn Keywords: Feature Extraction; Identification; Green Tea; Infrared Spectroscopy Abstract.
However, the former is vulnerable to subjective effects, and the second can detect single component, but it is difficult to analyze the multi-component material.
Liu, Near infrared spectroscopic model for determinating total catechins in tea polyphenol powder based on radical basis function network, Optics and Precision Engineering. 14(2006) 58–62

Study on the Supramolecular Interaction of Curcumin and RM-β-CD-m Chuntao Kuanga, Xiangzhou Lib, Ye Wang, Yichang He and Yuanliang Guo College of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, People’s Republic of China ahnkct@163.com,brlxz@163.com Keywords: curcumin, RM-β-CD-m, inclusion complex, apparent formation constant, spectrophotometry, thermodynamic parameter Abstract.
Materials and Methods Apparatus.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period （No. 2006BAD18B0404）, Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China(20094321110001), the Planned Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province, China (2007NK3119), Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, China (08A084) and the Planned Science and Technology Project of Changsha, china (K0802109-21).

Review of the Research on Evaluation of Livable City Xiaoyan Wang School of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China 100083 wxygis@163.com Keywords: Livable City, Indicator system, Evaluation models, perspective Abstract.
The environment does not only include the material condition but also the favorable humanistic environment.
There is adaptability between the urban size and resource environment; the development of economy is sustainable; the city construction will not lead to negative practices; there are new materials and technologies having been applied to construction of the city.
The indicators for evaluating a city’s livability are key factors researchers adopt in research, which are easy to obtain, estimate and calculate, and can reflect the livability of a city.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Chinese Raw Coal Jianguo Feng1, a, Guihua Li1, b, Jintang Zhang1, c, Weiyan Yu1, d 1 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Minerals, College of Geological Sciences & Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Economic & Technical Development Zone, Qingdao 266510, P.R.China afengjianguo20316@sohu.com, blghxa@163.com, czhangjintang0327@126.com, d840667390@qq.com Keywords: raw coal, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, species, content, China Abstract.
In 1979, the priority monitoring materials released by the U.S.
Organic matter can preserve substantially to form coal material in sufficient water source reduction environment, organic matter is oxidized in shallow water or surface under oxidizing conditions.

Difference of Cell Morphology on Different Callus Types of Alfalfa Yanyan Hu 1,a, Jinghui Yang 1,b, Chao Zhang 2, Ting Liu 1, Bin Li2, Ying Wang 1 1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Tianjin Agricultural University, China 2College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba in Japan, Japan atjnxy2010@126.com, bjinghuiyang2@aliyun.com Key words：callus; morphology; aging; vacuoles; embryonic Abstract.
Materials and Methods Test Material.
Research on cell morphology and metabolite of four different states of ginseng culture” (in China), Chinese Journal of Biological Engineering, Vol.28(2008),p.98-102

Noncontact Figuring of Millimeter-thick Elliptical Mirror Substrate by Numerically Controlled Local Wet Etching Mikinori Nagano1,a, Fumiya Yamaga1, Dai Yamazaki2, Ryuji Maruyama2, Kazuhiko Soyama2 and Kazuya Yamamura1, b 1 Research Center for Ultra-precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan 2J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Tokai, 319-1195, Japan am-nagano@div1.upst.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp, byamamura@upst.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp Keywords: supermirror, optics, focusing, neutron, etching, ellipse, low-pressure polishing Abstract.
In the case of NC-LWE figuring, no sub-surface damage is caused to the surface because the substrate material is removed by a chemical reaction between the etchant and the material at the surface of the mirror.
The material and outer size are synthesized quartz glass 150 x 75 x 1 mm3, respectively.
Tashiro, Force characteristics and deformation behaviours of sintered SiC during an ELID Grinding Process, Key Eng.