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The material model parameters were calibrated with experimental data by means of reverse-engineering procedure.
Thus these new properties must be defined and reverse engineering is a method to do that.
The results of reverse-engineering are presented in the table 2.
Influence of structural parameters of the masonry on effective elastic properties and strength (2014) Magazine of Civil Engineering, 5, pp. 95-106
Experimental research and finite element analysis of elastic and strength properties of fiberglass composite material (2014) Magazine of Civil Engineering, 3, pp. 25-39

Normal transformation technique is often used in practical probabilistic analysis in structural or civil engineering especially when multivariate random variables with the probabilistic characteristics expressed using only statistical moments are involved.
However, it has not been widely extended into practical engineering problems for lacking abundant experience.
ASCE, and Zhao-Hui Lu: Journal of structural engineering ASCE,2007,133:7(916)
Embankment Dam Engineering (Casagrande Memorial Volume).
Engineering Structuras 1978;1:31-40

Groundwater Protection in Water Laws Hengyang Fu1, a Jishan Xu2, b 1School of Earth Sciences and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi’an, China 710054； 2School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, Xi’an, China 710054 afhengyang@163.com, bxuism@126.com Keywords: groundwater; Water laws; water quality; integrated management Abstract: The traditional water laws in many countries in Europe and North America viewed groundwater as the property of the owners of the land above it.
Roman Law (450 BC to 1450 AD) was the basis of civil law in many European countries, the law established a number of water-related terms.
Civil Law (enacted in 1804, the French Civil Code) has affected many countries in Europe, such as Belgium, Spain, Italy, France, the former colonial countries of France.
Some of the terms of the water law in these countries were described in Civil Law.
Civil Law more emphasized on ownership and distribution of water, and added the legal provisions of the water quality and pollution in later revision.

Response of Transmission Lines under Three-dimensional Seismic Excitations Li Tian1, a, Hongnan Li2, b and Wenming Wang2, c 1School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China 2 Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China atianl-007@163.com, bhnli@dut.edu.cn, c wangwenming87110@163.com Keywords: transmission line, three-dimensional seismic excitations, nonlinear time history, single component.
Wang: China Civil Engineering Journal.
Zhai: World Earthquake Engineering.
Gao et al.: Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration.
Wang: Engineering Mechanics.

Experimental Study of Deformation Characteristic and Application on External Prestressed Wooden Beam Jimei Zhang1, a, Jinglong Pan2,a and Hongbo Dong3,b 1School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hulunbuir College,Hailar, Inner Mongolia,China,021008 2School of Civil Engineering , Harbin Institute of Technology,Heilongjiang，Harbin ,China,150090，3Heilongjiang Reclamation land School of Technology, luobei Province,China,154211 azjmcn@126.com, bhbdongxy@126.com Keywords: wooden beam,external prestress, test ,deflection; application Abstract.: People have widely uesd long- history wooden buildings in the ancient and mordern architecture.But the modulus of elasticity of the wood is smaller as well as the fact that the stiffness of wood is lower.
In order to solve the problem of deficiency of the stiffness of large-span wooden beam from the practical engineering, this paper presents the method of external prestressed wooden beam, and the calculation method of deflection of wooden beam through model test of 1:2 scale.
Bay of joist is 500mm in practical engineering.
Therefore, external prestressed wooden beam can meet with the demands of deformation in practical engineer according to the design plan in the paper.
From this,prestress distribution with broken-line steel string is better that of parabolic steel string according to the design plan of external prestressed wooden beam in practical engineer,the diameter of prestressed rebar is enlarge.

Application of Seismic Isolation Designing Method Based on China Building Seismic Code Xinmei Dong 1, a, Yanming Wang 2, b, Peipei Guo2,c and Mingwei Li3,d 1 School of Mathematic and Quantitative Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, 250014, China 2 School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061, China 3 Jining Xingbang Building Materials Corporation, Jining, 272000, China axmxmdong@163.com, bwangyanming6@163.com, cgpp0911@sina.com, dlimingweigcs@163.com Keywords: seismic design, base-isolated method, horizontal seismic reduction factor, engineering application, China building seismic code Abstract.
The composition of base-isolated structure, design process, design content, application in practical engineering are involved .The purpose of this paper is to make structural engineers have an overall understand about base-isolated structure design, and promote the further application of this kind of structure in China.
Isolation technology in the Ninth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering is listed as advanced technology that has important effect on earthquake engineering.
Engineering application of isolation technology An engineering project with 3 layers uses frame structure.

Designing and Validating Parallel Wire Suspension Bridge Wire Strands for Neutron Diffraction Stress Mapping Adrian Brügger1,a*, Seung-Yub Lee2,b, İsmail Cevdet Noyan2,c and Raimondo Betti1,d 1Columbia University, Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, 500 West 120th St.
Mudd Building, New York, NY, USA abrugger@civil.columbia.edu, bsl3274@columbia.edu, cicn2@columbia.edu, dbetti@civil.columbia.edu Keywords: stress partitioning, parallel wire strands, suspension bridge cables, fracture, parallel wire cable, neutron diffraction, development length, beam alignment, gauge volume Abstract.
It is therefore of pivotal importance to safeguard the health of the main cables, especially considering the long lifetimes of civil engineering structures.
This research was made possible by NSF Engineering Mechanics Grant Funding Award 1233885.
Hubbard, VULCAN - The engineering diffractometer at the SNS, Physica B 385 (2006) 673-675

The Influence of Coconut Shell as Coarse Aggregates in Asphalt Mixture Siti Nur Amiera Jeffry1,a, Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya1,3c*, Norhafizah Manap1,d, Nurfatin Aqeela Miron1,e, Norhidayah Abdul Hassan2,f 1Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Geotechnics and Transportation Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia 2School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Seberang Perai Selatan, P.
Pavement engineering can contribute to this solution.
The potential of waste materials as aggregate replacement leads to benefits in the environment, economy, and engineering.
Kalurkar: IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (2014), p. 61-64
(Transactions A: Civil Engineering) Vol. 19 (2012), 1214–1219.

Environmental Sustainability through Recycling Incineration Bottom Ash for the Production of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete En-Hua Yang1,a, Yiquan Liu2,b,and Zhitao Chen1,c 1School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 2Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore aehyang@ntu.edu.sg, bliuy0102@e.ntu.edu.sg,cztchen@ntu.edu.sg Keywords: Incineration bottom ash; IBA; gas generation; aerating agent; aerated lightweight mortar; autoclaved aerated concrete; AAC.
Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (IBA) has great potential to be utilized for civil engineering applications.
A viable solution is to reutilize incineration ash for civil engineering applications [2].
All these make IBA a potential waste for recycling and utilization for civil engineering applications.
Instead of disposing of IBA into landfill, utilizing IBA for civil engineering application can save more land resource especially for countries where land is scarce resource.

Study on the Construction Control of Long-span V-shape Rigid Frame Composite Arch Bridges Hongye Gou*1,a, Qianhui Pu1,b, Junming Wang2,c, Guowei Hu3,d,Zeyu Chen4,e 1Department of Bridge Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P.
China 3Technology Center of China Railway NO.3 Engineering Group Co., Ltd.
E-mail: qhpu@vip.163.com Key words: bridge engineering;long-span V-shape rigid frame composite arch bridge;beam first-to-arch later; simulation calculation in the construction process;construction control Abstract.
Construction Control Technology of Bridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2001 [2] Ge Yaojun.Analysis and Control of Segmental Construction Bridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2003 [3] Au F.T.K,Wang J J,Liu G D.Control of reinforced concrete arch bridges[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering ASCE,2003,8(1):39-45 [4] Dejus T.EValuation of work safety control systems in construction[J].Journal of CiVil Engineering and Management.2005,10(2):93-98 [5] Gou Hongye,Pu Qianhui, Shi Zhou.
Model test for the V-shape pier-girder joint of long-span V rigid frame composite arch bridge[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(3):100-106 [6] Code for Design on Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Structure of Railway Bridge and Culvert(TB10002.3-2005)[S].Beijing:China Railway Press,2005: 06