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Online since: January 2015
Authors: Mohamad Rehan bin Karim, Amiruddin Ismail, Mojtaba Shojaei Baghini
Results of tests conducted to assess the specimens’ resistance to WD cycling showed that the addition of a 4% Portland cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in reductions of 86.99% in water absorption, volume changes of 88.55%, and weight changes of 92.84% relative to a sample with only 4% cement after 12 WD cycles.
The results of WT test showed that the permanent deformation characteristics of the mixture were considerably improved by utilization of Rovene® 4045 modification, which resulted in reductions of 218.9% at 25 ˚C, and 356.8% at 50 ˚C in permanent strain of the mixture respectively.
Materials and methods To achieve the goals of this study, three major tasks—a literature review, laboratory investigation, and data pr˚Cessing and analyses were accomplished.
The results indicate that the sample with 7% Rovene® 4045 have the most rutting, however the use of 4% cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in a reduction in rut depth of 218.9% and 356.8% as compared to samples with only cement and Rovene® 4045 under the wheel load at 25 ˚C and 50 ˚C respectively.
The results of a test for determining the resistance of specimens to WD cycling (durability) show that the addition of the 4% Portland cement–7% Rovene® 4045 mixture resulted in reductions of 86.99% in both water absorption and permeability, volume changes of 88.55%, and weight changes of 92.84% relative to a specimen with only 4% cement after 12 WD cycles. 3.
Online since: January 2018
Authors: Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues, Janaína C. Marinho, Tellys Lins de Almeida Barbosa
Table 1 shows the results kinematic viscosity and the percentage reduction in viscosity of biodiesels obtained using as catalysts SBA-15 and Al-SBA-15 (Si/Al = 10 and 100).
Sample Kinematic viscosity [mm2/s] reduction in viscosity [%] Soybean oil 34.28 - Biodiesel (SBA-15) 32.45 5.33 Biodiesel (Si/Al=10) 28.68 15.64 Biodiesel (Si/Al=100) 30.67 10.51 Based on the data presented in Table 1, it is found that the viscosity value for the soybean oil was 34.28 mm2/s (40°C).
This value is in agreement with data in the literature [17], 35.00 mm2/s (40°C).
Observing the values found for the viscosities kinematics for SBA-15 catalysts, Al-SBA-15 (Si / Al = 10 and 100) for a time of 4 hours reaction, reduction is found to 5:33, 15.64 and 10:51%, compared with the value of the cinematic viscosity pure soybean oil.
The introduction of aluminum showed an increase in acidity, as shown by FTIR analysis and reduction in the kinematic viscosity.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Xiao Hu, Yong Liang Xiong
Introduction Supercavity is a revolutionary technology to drag reduction for underwater vehicles with a high velocity, it can reach a drag reduction at 90%, and the technology brings great influences to developments of underwater vehicle[1].
And the researches by Kirschner et al[4] have verified that the ventilated and natural cavities possessed the same characteristics both in shape and drag reduction.
Numerical Simulation Comparison of Simulational Results with Classical Experimental Data.
Figures 1 and 2 present the experimental and simulational results of cavity length for cone cavitator under different cavitation numbers, the curves indicate fine consistence of experimental data and simulational results, with the reduction of cavitation number, the cavity length and maximum diameter increase.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Leo A.I. Kestens, Roumen H. Petrov, Tricia A. Bennett, Jurij J. Sidor
Experimental and �umerical Methods EBSD data collection techniques were previously described in [13].
Orthorhombic sample symmetry (as in the case of the measured data) was assumed for the ODF calculations [18].
In addition, the β-fibre intensity increased with further rolling (to a total of 74.4% reduction).
Similar results were obtained when the hot band samples were cold rolled, up to 89.4% reduction, without prior annealing.
Intermediate annealing leads to a reduction in spatial banding of Cube grains in the final annealed material.
Online since: July 2005
Authors: Jingchun Zang, Junhao He, Xin Wang
) Table 3 Comparison of main production equipment China Koga Ube Haley calcination Nearly half of the enterprises use rotary kilns, others use vertical 70% fine coal +30% heavy oil, the rotary kilns heavy oil rotary kilns rotary kilns batching Computer batching, manual batching Batching platform balance, mixer Automatic batcher Automatic batching, mixer Vacuum pump Slide valve-lode machine set, Steam jet pump The slide valve pumps- the oil jet pump Slide valve-lode machine set Steam jet pump Refinement Manual casting, continuous casting machine Hydraulic pump, continuous casting machine Hydraulic pump, continuous casting machine Hydraulic pump, continuous casting machine Table 4 Comparison of production specifications Series Item China Ube Haley Dolomite (t) 10~12 11.1 9.648 Ferrosilicon (t) 1.1~1.3 1.054 1.09 Heavy oil (t) (Coal) 7~10 2.6 4.31 1 Electric power (kwh) 1000 1200 1950 Reduction
period (h) 9~11 8 8 2 Ratio between raw material and magnesium 6~7 5.78 5.81 Table 5 Gap between environment protection improvements China Koga Ube Haley Waste disposal Black smoke, SO2 and dust particles have started to be harnessed Recycling dust particles; powdered slag sold as fertilizer or hardener for casting mold Recycling dust particles, reduction slag used as fertilizer or raw material for making cement Collecting dust particles with cloth bag After the implementation of "magnesium alloy development, application and industrialization "as one of key projects among science & technology tackling key problems during the national "tenth five-year", Chinese Pidgeon Process has made great progress.
Main technology economical index greatly improved Index comparison before and after science & technology tackle key problem and index comparison among Chinese smelters and overseas smelters Project Before tackling After tackling Best level abroad The activiation of the calcined dolomite with water (%) 25~26% 30%-32% 32~35% The reduction of the calcined dolomited after burnt (%) 0.7~1% ≤ 0.5% 0.1~0.3% Ratio of raw material to magnesium 6.5~7.0 5.9 5.8 Reduction period 12 hours ≤ 9 hours ≤ 8 hours Chinese smelters have applied for a batch of national patents, which form a batch of patent techniques At present government's requirements for environment protection of magnesium production enterprises and the development trend of global economy.
Realize information management of the distribution of materials, financial affairs, office and the technological process.By adopting information technology, we can alter the management, handle large quantities of technical data rapidly and efficiently, analyze and administer economic activities scientifically, find out and solve the problems in business, improve the image of enterprise, promote technological advancement.
With the help of computers that provide large numbers of data promptly, administrative personnel at all levels can keep abreast of the conditions of production and analyze and handle the problems existing in the production facilities.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Ning Xi Song, Qiang Li, Qian Sun, Hao Liu, Da Peng Wang
Furthermore, the low voltage power dynamic compensation device system of the DCS-KB-2100 type provides the workable technical support for energy-saving and emission reduction, etc.
Its evolution accords with the direction for the development of intelligent industrial park in China, and provides an important part of technical foundation to the trend of energy-saving and emission reduction.
The data above are feeded into the power quality control center as the template.
The compensation control operations is based on these data.
The technology innovation of reactive power compensation device not only provides a support to intelligent industrial park development, but also paves a solid foundation for the development direction of the energy-saving and emission reduction.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Ying Sheng Ni, Xiao Wei Wu, Jun Tian
Profit approximately reflects the bidding units’ the amount of price reduction and sharing profit margin, the amount of price reduction higher than the amount of profits, it means the unit bidding prices below the cost to compete.
There are m evaluation indicators, n evaluation objects, and then formed the original data matrix
The above data showed that, A bidder' environmental risk, process risk ,decision objectives risk, scores were 70.55, 77.1and 79.1, composite scores75.25.
Because under normal circumstances a reasonable profit and the risk of the project in direct proportion, so A tender unit profit is general, the profit approximate reflects the amount of price reduction and interest concessions, which determine A, none other can not be the lowest.
If the lowest, then the A tender ' the amount of price reduction will be higher than the level of profits, it means that the A tender offer will be below cost price to compete.
Online since: November 2016
Authors: Manoj S Pillai, Jency Sara Kurian
Analysis is then done to check the percentage of reduction of response of structure.
Also limitations in using damping ratio as sesmic response reduction measurement were emphasized.
This type of analysis is used to determine the response of structure under the action of El-Centro earthquake data.
Damper properties and the earthquake data were taken from the journal.
It was found that the damper reduction is almost by 82% which is quite economical.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Yan Zhi Li, Li Huan Gao, Xiao Yang Tang
Nevertheless, the reduction in size and higher rotational velocity of the pump usually means an increase in vibration and noise as well as a reduction of pumping efficiency.
The causes of flow pulsation and its influences As shown in Fig.1,the fundamental working principle of an external gear pump is the volumetric displacement of a space that opens and is consequently filled by fluid; transport of this fluid to another zone in the machine; and reduction of this space, which increases the pressure of the fluid and forces it through the outlet pipe.
H., and Scott, W., 1996, ‘‘Comparison of an external gear pump wear model with test data,’’Wear, 196, pp. 64–71
Scott, Comparison of an external gear pump wear model with test data, Wear 196 (1996) 64–71
Pantazis, Reduction of delivery fluctuation and optimum tooth profile of spur gear rotary pumps, Mechanism and Machinery Theory 23 (1998) 141–145
Online since: April 2010
Authors: Yu.A. Chesnokov, G.Yu. Arzhadeeva, Andrey N. Dmitriev
On the basis of initial data, the material and heat balance of the coking process are made and the product price is calculated.
The forecast model of estimation of the coke quality which is based on numerous statistical, experimental and literature data [2-8] is offered in this paper.
The base of the offered model is the use of initial data quality indicators of coals according to the International System of Codification.
In that method we use the following initial data: parameter of reflection of vitrinite (RO), content of volatile matter (V daf) and sulfur (Sd), ash content (Ad), index of basicity of coal ash (Ib) with corresponding base values (Table 1).
[9] Reduction, heat exchange and hydrodynamics in blast furnace process.
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