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But in impact of grinding temperature,certain flow coating of metal materials existed, and black tiny granule oxide was reset.
Meanwhile metal materials being at a higher temperature were squeezed and rubbed by grinding wheel, and trace of flow coating was brought about on surface.
[2] ZARUDI I,ZHANG L C.Mechanical Property Improvement of Quenchable Steel by Grinding[J].Journal of Materials Science, 2002, 37(18):3935-3943
Experimental studies of grind-hardening for AISI1045 steel[J].MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,2005,13(03):326-328
[7] LIN B, ZHANG H L.Theoretical Analysis of Temperature Field in Surface Grinding with Cup Wheel[J].Key Engineering Materials,2001,202-203(6):93-98.

The increase in cost of raw materials has driven initiatives to look for alternative sustainable materials.
Experimental Program Materials.
Mixing of constituent materials All constituent materials were poured into the mini mixture of the pressing machine and then mixed together for approximately 5 min to ensure that all materials were evenly dispersed.
Construction and Building Materials. 2002;16(5):281-89
Journal of Cleaner Production. 2009;17(7):688-702

A kind of floating breakwater sheltering deep water aquaculture Xiaofei Cheng1,2, a 1 Marine Science and Technology School, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316000, China 2 Fujian Research Institute of Communications Science and Technology, Fuzhou 350004, China axiaofeichengg@163.com Keywords: Floating breakwater; catamaran raft; wave-attenuating and oscillation-inhibiting device Abstract.
Each catamaran raft employs a box-shaped multi-ribbed beam-and-slab structure, and was constructed using high-performance concrete and ferrocement materials and internally filled with polystyrene foam plastics.
The internal rib frame and longitudinal members in each unit are ferrocement thin-wall members, to decrease the deadweight of the structure and the consumption of main materials; the side plates and head and tail closing plates are shaped vertically using high-frequency grouting of composite material ferrocement, as they are the places easiest to corrode under the direct wave impact and wave-splashing alternating dry-wet effect.
Each catamaran raft employs a box-shaped multi-ribbed beam-and-slab structure, and was constructed using high-performance concrete and ferrocement materials and internally filled with polystyrene foam plastics.
F., The application of the HDPE floating breakwater for healthy aquiculture, Journal of Fujian Fisheries, 4(2006), pp.32-35

Therefore, Soil enzymes activity and active organic carbon play important roles in the material cycling of wetland ecosystem.
Materials and Methods Site Description and Sampling The study was conducted in the integrated experimental marsh field, the Sanjiang Mire wetland experimental station (47◦35’N, 133◦31’E), Chinese Academy of Science in Heilongjiang province, located in Northeast China.
Current Science, 88 (1), 25-35. ( 2005) [2] S.S.
Soil Science 166:61–67.(2001) [7] Songyin Guan.
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46:1459–1466.(1995) [10] B.C.

The Distribution Characteristics of Fine Particles by flow cytometry in the Yangtze Estuary and the Adjacent East China Sea Pei-yong Guo* 1, a, Shi-xiong Li1,b , Jin-ming Wang 1,c , Qing-hua Li1,d 1 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China apeiyongguo@126.com, b lishixiong-c@163.com, cwjm8540@foxmail.com, dqinghual@163.com Keywords: fine particles; distribution characteristics; Yangtze Estuary; East China Sea Abstract.
Materials and Methods Instrument and experiment material.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.20777021), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (No.2010J01043, D0610012), Ministry of Education, Key Research Project of Science and Technology (No. 210253), Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and coastal Research (No.200409) References [1].
Chisholm:Science Vol.268 (1995),p.1480 [5].
M.Cellamare, A..Rolland, S.Jacquet:Journal of Applied Phycology Vol.22 (2010),p.87 [8].

The failure function is as follow: (1) Usually, the Paris crack propagation formula is used to describe the process of crack propagation and the Paris crack propagation formula is as follow: (2) Where m and C are material parameters, is the crack stress intensity factor range, Y(a) is the shape function, S is the nominal stress.
Distribution Parameters Variable Meaning of the variable Distribution function Mean value Standard deviation SCF Stress concetration factor Lognormal distribution 3.5 0.3 m Material parameter Fixed value 3.0 — C Material parameter Lognormal distribution 8.81×10-12 4.84×10-12 a0 Crack initial size Lognormal distribution 3.2[mm] 0.32[mm] af Thickness of tubular joint Normal distribution 19[mm] 1.9[mm] According to the two methods described above, the time-varying reliability index of the tubular joint is calculated and the curves of time-varying reliability index are drawn in Fig. 2.
Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), Jiangsu 2006
Science in China (Sense G): Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, 2007, 37 (4): 516-526
Zhejiang University SCIENCE A, Hongzhou 2006

Subsequently, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) also carried out a series of atmospheric corrosion of aluminum alloy material work.
Because the result of accelerated test can be obtained in a short time, as well as can be used to speculate the possibility of long-term corrosion behavior of materials to some extent, analyze the influence and the law of one or several typical environmental factors on the corrosion of the material, the accelerated test get so many attention of scholars.
However, due to many effective factors of oceanic atmospheric corrosion, as well as the combined effects of these factors, the mechanism of the accelerated corrosion test sometimes differ from the mechanism of actual atmospheric corrosion of materials.
References [1] Xu Jiang, Wei Liu and Minxu Lu: Progress in Test Methods of Steel Corrosion in Marine Atmosphere (Corrosion Science and Protection Technology, 2007).
[8] Ming Liu, Jianping Cai, Xiaoyun Zhang, Feng Lu: Experimental Study on Acceleration Test of 2A12 Aluminum Alloy in Simulated Marine Atmosphere (Materials Engineering, 2010)

Optimum technology of materials preparation makes the microcomposites possess high strength and conductivity.
The important strengthening is from the nanoscale filamentary structure in the conductor materials.
These materials containing more than about 6 wt.
Meng: The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Vol. 15 (2005), p. 751 [49] Y.
Lu: Science Vol. 304 (2004), p. 422 [51] H.

Based on geological material different rocky areas were chose to conduct test.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40902084) and Opening fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (SKLGP2010J011).
The theory and method of identification of geotechnical interface in getechnical engineering[M].Beijing: Science Press,2008(in Chinese)
Correlation of model tunnel boring and drilling machine performances with rock properties[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics Sciences&Geomechanics Abstract.1986,23(2):171–175

Flat Rate Mechanical Optimizational Analysis of Four-lane Tunnel with Single Arch Based on Load Structure Model LIU Tonga, DONG Zi-chaob School of Science, Xi’an University of architecture and Technology,Xi’an,710055,China a87596240@163.com, b283937489@qq.com Key words: Large cross-section tunnel, flat rate, optimization, FEM Abstract: In order to analyze the influence of flat rate on mechanical character of large-span tunnel structure, the structural analysis of three flat rates in four-lane tunnel with single arch is progressed by the compiled procedure of load structure model.
Tab.2 Main calculated parameters Material name Compressive ultimate strength （MPa） Tensile ultimate strength（MPa） Elastic modulus（GPa） Elastic resistance coefficient （MPa/m） Volume weight （KN/m3） Reinforced concrete 25 1.6 27 25 Surrounding rock of class V  195 1）e＝0.72 2）e＝0.65 3）e＝0.60 Fig.2 Inner force with different flat rate（Left is moment/kN·m,right is axial force/kN） Tab. 3 Safety coefficients with different flat rate Flat rate 0.72 0.65 0.60 Minimum safety coefficients 3.6 2.9 2.3 Maximum safety coefficients 6.8 5.7 5.2 Summary The calculation and analysis of load structure model show the basic rule of flat rate’s influence on tunnel structure is: the lower flat rate is, the more unfavorable structural stress is and the more unstable surrounding rock is.
Acknowledgements This study was supported by basic science research fund of XAUAT Grant No.
JC0922 to LIU Tong and the Natural Science Foundation Committee (NSFC) of China (Grant No. 51008029).
China Journal of Highway and Transport. 2000,13(1):pp48-51 [5] Pan Changshi.