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Online since: December 2014
Authors: Huan Fang Liu, Tao Du, Jin Jin
In this paper,the total flow calculation formula is derived by the knowledge of hydraulics, the relation of discharge discount rate is calculated through dimensional analysis and the average single hole discharge formula is established based on some experimental data.
The results of the test data and engineering data showed that the formula results and the test results are quite identical.
Figure 3 gives when the pipe diameter D = 3.5cm, slope I = 1 ‰, drip hole spacing S = 0.3m, under the first head H = 0.4m the relationship between the relative length-diameter pipe and ψ1 , inside , and for a defined diameter pipe and pipe layout length, check this article, we can see , ,from the data fitting , combined Eq. (13) available (14) or (15) Fig. 3 The relation of ψ1 and Finally, explore the porous pipe opening rate η how to affect the reduction coefficient ψ.
Based on some experimental data fitting a porous pipe discharge reduction coefficient ψ formula: On this basis, the porous pipe total discharge and the average single hole discharge formula are established.
Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps water-saving office and the author’s experiment data show that the results get by formula and experiment are agreement, and in the process of dimensional analysis and formula fitting assume which is correct.
The results of the test data and engineering data showed that the formula results and the test results are quite identical.
Figure 3 gives when the pipe diameter D = 3.5cm, slope I = 1 ‰, drip hole spacing S = 0.3m, under the first head H = 0.4m the relationship between the relative length-diameter pipe and ψ1 , inside , and for a defined diameter pipe and pipe layout length, check this article, we can see , ,from the data fitting , combined Eq. (13) available (14) or (15) Fig. 3 The relation of ψ1 and Finally, explore the porous pipe opening rate η how to affect the reduction coefficient ψ.
Based on some experimental data fitting a porous pipe discharge reduction coefficient ψ formula: On this basis, the porous pipe total discharge and the average single hole discharge formula are established.
Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps water-saving office and the author’s experiment data show that the results get by formula and experiment are agreement, and in the process of dimensional analysis and formula fitting assume which is correct.
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Shu Xian Deng, Ming Jun Wang
This process may be realized by customer behavior data clustering.
Then, we get the reduction table of the customers’ data analysis and decision.
The data stored in the server cannot meet our requirements for data analysis, therefore, we need to preprocess these data, and namely, the data will be extracted according to our requirements and will be stored in our database used to analyze the data.
This process may be realized by customer behavior data clustering.
Then, we get the reduction table of the customers data analysis and decision.
Then, we get the reduction table of the customers’ data analysis and decision.
The data stored in the server cannot meet our requirements for data analysis, therefore, we need to preprocess these data, and namely, the data will be extracted according to our requirements and will be stored in our database used to analyze the data.
This process may be realized by customer behavior data clustering.
Then, we get the reduction table of the customers data analysis and decision.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Xiao Fen Zhang, Yong Hu Zeng, Li Bang Ye, Chao Li
Evaluation data sources.
There are kinds of evaluation data sources in the MONE evaluation [8], such as experts’ experience data, infield simulation data, and outfield test data and so on.
Usually only one type of evaluation data are used, which allows multiple data sources support too simplistic.
But some data source cannot be used in evaluation directly [11].
How to express these data uniformly is a key problem.
There are kinds of evaluation data sources in the MONE evaluation [8], such as experts’ experience data, infield simulation data, and outfield test data and so on.
Usually only one type of evaluation data are used, which allows multiple data sources support too simplistic.
But some data source cannot be used in evaluation directly [11].
How to express these data uniformly is a key problem.
Online since: October 2014
Authors: Yun Peng, Hong Xin Wan
(vij) = vij/max(v1j ,v2j,…vnj)*P(Fj) (3)
After pretreatment of evaluation data, we can design an appropriate fuzzy clustering algorithm of entity data
Example Analysis (1) We set up the evaluation system shown in Fig.1.According to the evaluation system the factors set is established and the simulation data is shown in Table 1.
Row data is the teaching elements to be evaluated, and column data is the evaluation factors.
After the process of factors reduction a clustering evaluation algorithm based on fuzzy set has been proposed, which could decrease the data size and improve the accuracy and efficiency.
Fuzzy UTASTAR: A method for discovering utility functions from fuzzy data.
Example Analysis (1) We set up the evaluation system shown in Fig.1.According to the evaluation system the factors set is established and the simulation data is shown in Table 1.
Row data is the teaching elements to be evaluated, and column data is the evaluation factors.
After the process of factors reduction a clustering evaluation algorithm based on fuzzy set has been proposed, which could decrease the data size and improve the accuracy and efficiency.
Fuzzy UTASTAR: A method for discovering utility functions from fuzzy data.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Yong Hui Han, Ni Sha Jia, Bo Hu
We find that the capacity of energy conservation and emmision reduction of eastern region is best, the western region is in the middle level, while the central region is not good enough.
Table 1 The meanings of parameters Parameter Explanation the total CO2 emissions of the whole country based on unit GDP energy consumption, (Unit: thousand tons) the total CO2 emissions of province j based on unit GDP energy consumption =44/12, the molar ratio of converting C to CO2 carbon oxidation coefficient of standard coal, we set it as 0.9 the heat transfer coefficient of standard coal, we set it as 29.27 the average carbon content of standard coal, we set it as 24.74 unit GDP energy consumption of standard coal in province j GDP of province (city) j The data of emissions come from the journal China Environment Yearbook, the data of power consumption and conversion coefficient and related data come from China Statistical Yearbook.
Because the data of Tibet is not complicate, we just predict 30 provinces (cities) CO2 emissions.
We used the data of population from China Statistical Yearbook to calculate the per capita CO2 emissions, shown in Figure 2.
In this respect, improving the industrial structure and technical level in high emission intensity areas can promote the emission reduction with a lower cost and more efficient way.
Table 1 The meanings of parameters Parameter Explanation the total CO2 emissions of the whole country based on unit GDP energy consumption, (Unit: thousand tons) the total CO2 emissions of province j based on unit GDP energy consumption =44/12, the molar ratio of converting C to CO2 carbon oxidation coefficient of standard coal, we set it as 0.9 the heat transfer coefficient of standard coal, we set it as 29.27 the average carbon content of standard coal, we set it as 24.74 unit GDP energy consumption of standard coal in province j GDP of province (city) j The data of emissions come from the journal China Environment Yearbook, the data of power consumption and conversion coefficient and related data come from China Statistical Yearbook.
Because the data of Tibet is not complicate, we just predict 30 provinces (cities) CO2 emissions.
We used the data of population from China Statistical Yearbook to calculate the per capita CO2 emissions, shown in Figure 2.
In this respect, improving the industrial structure and technical level in high emission intensity areas can promote the emission reduction with a lower cost and more efficient way.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Shan Shan Lu, Li Na Guo, Tong Chun Li, Ya Jun Guo
For most of the problems about anti-sliding stability with unknown sliding surfaces, strength reduction finite element method can be adopted [6-8].
Different reduction coefficients of material strength are selected to analyze dynamic anti-sliding stability.
Different reduction factors are chosen to calculate from the initial state.
The mutated moment of displacement is considered as destructional moment during the reduction process of strength, and reciprocal of the reduction factor at this exact moment is the safety coefficient [16].Diagram of plastic zone of the sliding moment can be gotten at the same time of calculating the safety coefficient.
Data of water level in different working conditions is shown in Table 1.
Different reduction coefficients of material strength are selected to analyze dynamic anti-sliding stability.
Different reduction factors are chosen to calculate from the initial state.
The mutated moment of displacement is considered as destructional moment during the reduction process of strength, and reciprocal of the reduction factor at this exact moment is the safety coefficient [16].Diagram of plastic zone of the sliding moment can be gotten at the same time of calculating the safety coefficient.
Data of water level in different working conditions is shown in Table 1.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Kang Sheng Zhang, Ran Pan, Zhen Jia
The part with large area reduction is always accompanied by the appearance of core necking and tensile failure while small area reduction is associated with bad internal quality.
The data that have been sort out after experiment two are given in Table 3.
According to experimental data and related finite element analysis, the research about seeking the forming principle of internal rarefaction of parts revealed that most products with large area reduction have nice internal quality.
Several reasons are given for this phenomenon: (I) for parts with large area reduction, transient axial flow of metal is more than those products with small area reduction.
The boundary confirmed by the internal quality of product The permissible processing area The boundary confirmed by the rotation condition of part The boundary confirmed by the defects about core necking and tension failure Fig.7 Processing Boundary of Limited Area Reduction Conclusions 1) Regression analysis is adopted to deal with the mass experimental data.
The data that have been sort out after experiment two are given in Table 3.
According to experimental data and related finite element analysis, the research about seeking the forming principle of internal rarefaction of parts revealed that most products with large area reduction have nice internal quality.
Several reasons are given for this phenomenon: (I) for parts with large area reduction, transient axial flow of metal is more than those products with small area reduction.
The boundary confirmed by the internal quality of product The permissible processing area The boundary confirmed by the rotation condition of part The boundary confirmed by the defects about core necking and tension failure Fig.7 Processing Boundary of Limited Area Reduction Conclusions 1) Regression analysis is adopted to deal with the mass experimental data.
Online since: January 2010
Authors: Jai Sung Lee, J.C. Yun, C.J. Choi, Jung Goo Lee
The Optimization of Calciothermic Reduction-Diffusion Process
for Preparation of High-Performance Sm2Fe17Nx Magnetic Powder
J.
Calciothermic reduction-diffusion (CRD) method was employed to prepare the Sm2Fe17 powder.
Different processes such as melting [1], mechanical alloying [5], calciothermic reduction-diffusion (CRD) [6-8] have been used for the preparation of the parent Sm2Fe17 alloy.
This result indicates that complete reduction of samarium oxide by calcium took place and the whole iron reacted with the samarium to form the Sm2Fe17 phase without forming undesirable phases such as α-Fe and SmFe3 which is difficult to completely remove by melting method [1,6].
The data shows that the coercivity and residual magnetization of the powder are 0.12kOe and 13.7 emu g-1.
Calciothermic reduction-diffusion (CRD) method was employed to prepare the Sm2Fe17 powder.
Different processes such as melting [1], mechanical alloying [5], calciothermic reduction-diffusion (CRD) [6-8] have been used for the preparation of the parent Sm2Fe17 alloy.
This result indicates that complete reduction of samarium oxide by calcium took place and the whole iron reacted with the samarium to form the Sm2Fe17 phase without forming undesirable phases such as α-Fe and SmFe3 which is difficult to completely remove by melting method [1,6].
The data shows that the coercivity and residual magnetization of the powder are 0.12kOe and 13.7 emu g-1.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Jing Chen, Hong Yin Wang, Qian Wang, Xiong Long Tao
Weight reduction and safety are mutually competing objectives.
And the safety should not be compromised after weight reduction.
The comparisons between simulation results and test data available in the literature are also presented in this paper.
Based on comparisons with test data, the virtual crash simulation model can capture well the occupant survival space during a crash.
Energy Finite Element Analysis for Computing the High Frequency Vibration of the Aluminum Testbed Cylinder and Correlating the Results to Test Data.
And the safety should not be compromised after weight reduction.
The comparisons between simulation results and test data available in the literature are also presented in this paper.
Based on comparisons with test data, the virtual crash simulation model can capture well the occupant survival space during a crash.
Energy Finite Element Analysis for Computing the High Frequency Vibration of the Aluminum Testbed Cylinder and Correlating the Results to Test Data.
Online since: March 2017
Authors: Claudiu Romila, Ruxandra Cozmanciuc
Tight (a-d) and open jointed (e-f) claddings (Author’s collection)
Although open joint ventilated façades are increasingly used for thermo-physical rehabilitation of walls, the choice between tight and open jointed systems is not usually made from energy efficiency reasons, due to lack of relevant existing data.
Data acquisition was done in a steady – state heat transfer, when the temperature variation on the hot plate was less than ± 0,1 ºC.
Corresponding to each considered geometry the recording session lasted 10-12 hours and the obtained data resulted by averaging the values of 3 minutes measurements.
Results and discussions Temperature reduction capacity function of the channel thickness.
The values were computed using measured data of air velocity and air temperatures at the inlet and outlet openings [9].
Data acquisition was done in a steady – state heat transfer, when the temperature variation on the hot plate was less than ± 0,1 ºC.
Corresponding to each considered geometry the recording session lasted 10-12 hours and the obtained data resulted by averaging the values of 3 minutes measurements.
Results and discussions Temperature reduction capacity function of the channel thickness.
The values were computed using measured data of air velocity and air temperatures at the inlet and outlet openings [9].