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At present, large-scale use of piezoelectric ceramic materials is mainly lead-based piezoelectric ceramics.
Prefired the dry gel in muffle furnace at temperature of 750℃ for 2.5h to obtain powder materials.
Powder materials must be milled in agate mortar and 5% PVA binder was added during the grinding process.
Qm has related with internal domain wall’s vibration, rotation and friction, indicating that to improve the performance of material from the microstructure of materials.
Functional Materials, 2003, 6(34):615-618 [4] Ringgaard E, Wurlitzer T.

De-moulded specimens were transported to University of Pardubice, Institute of Energetic Materials, where blast experiments were performed.
The article was written with the support of the grant project of the Czech Science Foundation – project No. 22-33039S.
[4] Abbas, S., Nehdi, M.L., Saleem, M.A.: Ultra – High Performance Concrete: Mechanical Performance, Durability, Sustainability and Implementation Challenges, International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, Vol.10, No.3, pp. 271-295, September 2016 [5] Zhao C., Lu X., Wang Q., Gautam A., Wang J., Mo Y.L.: Experimental and numerical investigation of steel-concrete (SC) slabs under contact and blast loading.
Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 94, 2015
Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 145, 2017 [8] Hajek, R. et al.: An experimental evaluation of the blast resistance of heterogeneous concrete-based composite bridge decks.

Among clays, montmorillonite (MMT) functionalized with various organic groups is an attractive class of inorganic-organic hybrid materials with remarkable properties, and is promising for pharmaceutical applications[4, 5].
Functionalized MMT has been investigated extensively as compounds carriers, genetic materials, proteins, and enzymes[6, 7].
Materials and Methods The MMT (pharmaceutical grade) with a cationic exchange capacity (CEC) of 1.2 mmol g-1 was obtained from Zhonglian Co., Ltd, China.
[8] G B B Varadwaj, K Parida, V O Nyamori, Transforming inorganic layered montmorillonite into inorganic-organic hybrid materials for various applications: a brief overview, J.
J Colloid Interf Sci.Journal of Colloid & Interface Science 391 (2013) 16-20

Several materials such as TiO2, ZnO, Nb2O5 SnO2, CdSe, CdS etc., have been used as photoanode in DSSCs [5-10].
Out of these photoanode materials titanium dioxide is preferred material over other high band gap semiconductors due its brightness, high refractive index and low-cost [11, 12].
Su, Hierarchically micro/nanostructured photoanode materials for dye-sensitized solar cells, J.
Hubertá Mutin, Preparation of anatase, brookite and rutile at low temperature by non-hydrolytic sol–gel methods, Journal of Materials Chemistry 6 (1996) 1925-1932
Pandey, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Study on DSSC Sensitized with Begonia malabarica Lam., Materials Science Forum 771 (2014) 133-141

Experimental materials and methods Experimental materials. 40Cr steel was used as materials of metal rollers treated by LSA.
Reference [1] Lun Wei, Qinghua Chen, Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2001,26(6),114-117.
(In Chinese) [2] Meiyan Li, Yong Wang, Bin Han, Applied Surface Science, 2009,255, 7574–7579 [3]C.T.
Chen, Materials Letters, 2007,61: 635–638
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Application of torsion test for determination of rheological properties of 5019 aluminium alloy Konrad Laber1,a*, Anna Kawałek1,b, Sylwester Sawicki1,c, Henryk Dyja1,d, Jacek Borowski2,e, Dariusz Leśniak3,f, Henryk Jurczak4,g 1 Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Institute of Metal Forming and Safety Engineering, Armii Krajowej 19 Street, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland 2 Institute of Metal Forming and Safety Engineering, Jana Pawła II 14 Street, 61-139 Poznań, Poland 3 Stanislaw Staszic AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow, Poland, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Chair of Plastic Forming and Non-Ferrous Metal Science, Adama Mickiewicza 30 Street, 30-059 Cracow, Poland 4 Albatros Aluminium Sp. z o.o., Czartoria 1/27 Street, 61-102 Poznań, Poland a laber@wip.pcz.pl, b kawalek@wip.pcz.pl, c sylsaw@wip.pcz.pl, d dyja@wip.pcz.pl, e borowski@inop.poznan.pl, f dlesniak@agh.edu.pl, g h.jurczak@albatros-aluminium.com
Due to the fact that rheological properties of the material deformed have significant effect on e.g. its plastic flow, it seems justified to utilize actual data for the material studied in order to improve the accuracy of the results of numerical modelling [1].
A mathematical model of rheological properties of the alloy studied was used at the last stage of the study in order carry out numerical modelling of the hot torsion test according to the conditions of the experimental studies and using a computer software FORGE 2011®. whereas the properties of the deformed material were described according to the Norton–Hoff [10, 11] conservation law written in the following form (5): (5) where: Sij is the deviatoric stress tensor, - is the equivalent strain rate, - is the equivalent strain rate tensor, – equivalent plastic strain, ε0 – base strain, T is the temperature, K0, m0, n0, β0 represent materials constants. 4.
The highest values of strain intensity and strain rate occurred on the surface of the material studied (both for cross section and longitudinal section).
Chenot, An inverse analysis using a finite element model for identification of rheological parameters, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 60 (1996) 447-454.

Materials In the paper, the data came from the Laoshan station, Maoershan Forest Center of Northeast Forestry University, ranging across 127 30 ~ 127 34 and 45 20 ~ 45 25. 15 sample plots with different ages, site conditions and densities were set as the fixed plot in the plantations of Mongolian Scots pines (7 plots set in 2002, 8 plots set in 2003).
Chinese Journal of Computers, vol. 25(11), pp. 116-124, (2002) [7] X.
Journal of Forest Research, vol. 10(3), (2005) [14] Y.
Heilongjiang, Heilongjiang Science and Technology house, (1986) [15] X.
Journal of Biosciences, vol. 17(3), (1992)

Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National High-Tech(2009AA04Z146), and Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2011GXNSFF018004), and the fund of S&T of Guangxi Province (09321042, 0992028-14, 08126002).
Jagannath Prasad , et al: Journal of Design and Process Science, Vol. 3(1999), p.1
[5] Tao Tang, Zhifeng Liu, Guangfu Liu, et al: CHINESE JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Vol. 39(2003), p.149(In Chinese)
Rowles: Journal of mechanical design, Vol. 129(2007), p.1118
[7] Zhuoya Qi, Jianzheng Wang, Xinmin Han: CHINESE JOURNAL OF M ECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Vol. 43(2007), p.87(In Chinese)

D: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1982, 108(5):679-695
D: Journal of Geotechnical, 1982, 108(5):679-695
Lan: Sichuan Building Science and Research，1983，（1）：35-37.
Yao: Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University, 1984, （3）：40-47.
[In Chinese ] [16] Yunqiu .Wang: Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University，1984,（3）：40-47.

Journal of economic system reform, 2011 (5): 88-92.
Journal of population studies, 2008 (5): 83-90.
Journal of huizhou university, 2010 (2): 71-73.
Chinese academy of social sciences, 2012 (7): 62-63.
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