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These structures are most likely ZnO as determined from the XRD pattern in Fig 1 (a).
Upon the introduction of MnCl2 in the system, a layered structure was formed for both 0.1 and 0.2 M concentrations as seen in Fig 2 (b-c).
It is important to note that the formation of the layered structure in the samples synthesized with MnCl2 may have followed a specific route.
Pouran, Review on the criteria anticipated for the fabrication of highly efficient ZnO-based visible-light-driven photocatalysts, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 62 (2018), 1-25
[15] H.Tanaka, et al., Synthesis and characterization of layered zinc hydroxychlorides, Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 180, 7 (2007), 2061-2066.

In this stage, the polymer is still characterized with a linear structure.
Figure 1 The structure of the double-layer CTP plate was shown in Figure 1.
It is likely that the double-layered structure contributes to the imaging performance of the CTP plate.
Jónsson, in: Theoretical Methods in Condencsed Phase Chemistry, edited by S.D.
Schwartz, volume 5 of Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, chapter, 10, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)

Many researches attempted to modify the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 which is strongly related to the phase structure, crystallite size, particle size, the specific surface area and pore structure [3].
Preparation conditions and methodology are known to control the TiO2 particle size, crystal structure.
The presence of other nano-crystalline anatase structure (004), (105), (200), (211), (213), (116), (220) and (215) with less intensity compared with anatase phase (101) is shown in the XRD graph.
Frank, Size and shape control of nanocrystallites in mesoporous TiO2 films, Journal of Materials Chemistry 17 (2007) 3216-3221
Ho, Enhancing effects of water content and ultrasonic irradiation on the photocatalytic activity of nano-sized TiO2 powders, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 148 (2002) 263-271

Interlayer Structure and Ion-exchange Properties of Hydrotalcite Intercalated with CO32-, CrO42-, SO42- and NO3- Guoxiang Pan1,a, Minhong Xu1, Haifeng Chen1, Peisong Tang1, Feng Cao1, Zheming Ni2 (1Department of Chemistry, Huzhou Teachers College, Huzhou 313000, P.R.
The modeling layer structure of Mg6Al(OH)14+ is showed in Fig.1, the Al ions is surrounded by six Mg ions, and the layer structure is hexagonal.
Results and Discussion Geometric structure analysis The structure of hydrotalcite containing CO32-,NO3-, SO42- and CrO42- are obtained by the B3LYP/3-21G, and the optimized structure models are given in Fig.2.
The structure parameters of isolated NO3- are lO-N=1.323Å and θO-N-O=120.0°.
The geometry structure of isolated sulfate anion is tetrahedral with Td symmetry, the structure parameters are lS-O = 1.618 Å and θO-S-O = 109.4º, respectively.

In this paper, we focus on the numerical simulation of degradation of concrete structures subject to External Sulfate Attack (ESA).
The results obtained with the proposed approach are compared with experimental data on a reduced scale tunnel lining structure subject to ESA.
Introduction The sulfate attack is a deleterious phenomenon occurring in concrete structures built in sulfate-rich environments [1,2,3].
Fig. 2: Geometry of the reduced scale 1:10 model of the tunnel lining structure tested in [1], (measures in [cm]).
The mechanical damage in compression is very limited, less than 0.06 in the whole structure.

The formation of such structures particularly requires tight focusing of the laser beam usually achieved using high-NA objectives [6,7] or special fiber probes [8].
Nanojet arrays with a record density ~105 structures per squared millimeter and total nanotextured area ~1.7 mm2 will be fabricated on the Au film surface.
The size of fabricated structures also varies over a wide range which is explained by the high intensity variation in individual speckles. 
[3] Zhang, Jian, et al., Surface-enhanced fluorescence of fluorescein-labeled oligonucleotides capped on silver nanoparticles, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109.16 (2005) 7643-7648
Geddes, Rapid deposition of triangular silver nanoplates on planar surfaces: application to metal-enhanced fluorescence, The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109.13 (2005) 6247-6251

The mechanism and relationship between the PL property and crystal structure were characterized carefully using X-ray diffraction, electron microscope and X-ray absorption fine structure.
We investigated controlling the crystal structure and evaluated the relationship between the crystal structure and PL intensity [6, 7].
At 1773 K, the crystal structure formed a single phase of the IC phase.
Taylor, Cement Chemistry, 2nd ed., Thomas Telford, London, UK, 1997
Aoki, Structure and microtexture changes in phosphorous-bearing Ca2SiO4 solid solutions, J.

Fig. 1 below illustrates the structure of SLSA that consist of straight chain of carbonyl, alkane, hydroxyl and sulfonate and groups.
Structure of SLSA pH value is considered to be the most influential variable that regulates the process of adsorption.
Particularly, the effect of pH depends on the chemical composition structure such as the pure ionic or hydroxyl-metal shape.
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 9 (2016) 319-325
Environmental Chemistry Letters, 8 (2010) 277-282.

From the methods listed, data were collected on particle size, size distribution, shape, crystallinity and surface structure.
The synthesised amorphous silica nanoparticles were examined by FT-IR analysis, which allowed an assessment of the chemical structure related to the functional groups and purity of the nanoparticles.
XPS analysis can be used for exploring the surface chemistry of aSiNPs.
M. et al. (2006) ‘Nanoparticles in lysine-silica sols’, Chemistry of Materials, 18(25), pp. 5814–5816. doi: 10.1021/cm061982v
[8] Santra, S. et al. (2001) ‘Conjugation of biomolecules with luminophore-doped silica nanoparticles for photostable biomarkers’, Analytical Chemistry, 73(20), pp. 4988–4993. doi: 10.1021/ac010406+

Al2O3 can be classified into either an fcc or hcp oxygen ion structure [1].
In addition, θ’, θ”, and λ phases are also observed in monoclinic structure [1].
Depending on chemistry and sintering conditions n varies between 2 and 6, and n > 4 has been observed in doped aluminas.
This relation is independent of chemistry and morphology.
Dauger: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 24 (1990), p. 299