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Low-Cycle Fatigue Performance of Buckling Restrained Braces and Assessment of Cumulative Damage under Severe Earthquakes LIU Yushu1,a*, CHEN Kepeng2,b, LI Guoqiang3,c and SUN Feifei3,d 1College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China 2The Architectural Design & Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co, Ltd, Hangzhou, China 3State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University, Shanghai, China aysliu@tongji.edu.cn, bKepeng.chen@outlook.com, cgqli@tongji.edu.cn, dffsun@tongji.edu.cn Keywords: Buckling Restrained Braces, Constant Amplitude Fatigue, Variable Amplitude Fatigue, Rain-Flow Counting Algorithm, Damage Assessment Abstract.
Currently, energy-dissipating type BRB has been the most widely used type in engineering projects which can both act as brace and damper.
Engineering Application of TJ-type Buckling Restrained Braces.
China Civil Engineering Journal. 12 (2010) 41-49 [5] Design Manual for TJ-type Buckling Restrained Brace.
China Civil Engineering Journal, 06(2013)29-34 [7] Guo Xiaokang.

Seismic Isolation Design of Multistory Building Xiao Song1, a, Peng Li2, b, Guangsheng Xu3, c 1 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China 2 School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China 3 Kai Feng Tian Yuan Space Frame Engineering CO.LTD, Henan, 475004, China apsudq@163.com, bchipren@163.com, cxuguangsheng126@163.com Keywords: LRB, Multistory building, Nonlinear time-history analysis Abstract.
This paper plans to use laminated rubber support for isolation of engineering design,t he support sets below the first floor, separated over the first layer structure and foundation, in order to isolate earthquake energy and to reduce the seismic isolation of the superstructure.
Fig. 5 Acceleration response contrast of isolated and original structure Fig. 6 Displacement response contrast of isolated and original structure Table 2 Maximum acceleration displacement and cycle of isolated and original structure Contrast Maximum acceleration [cm/s2] Maximum displacement[mm] cycle[s] original structure 209 28.4 0.927 Isolated structure 13.9 4.57 2.838 Concluding remarks This paper focuses on seismic isolation analysis of the high-intensity multistorey building structure, to use the method of Newmark-β for seismic response time-histories analysis of isolated structure and non-isolation structure. this paper puts forward the high-intensity multistorey building structure of isolation design method and seismic excitation time-histories analysis methods of engineering practice has certain directive significance on engineering practice, providing a reference for similar projects. 1 The support obviously extends the natural vibration period, to reduce the earthquake
Engineering Structure Damping Control.
Response of Base Isolated System to Random Excitation .European Earthquake Engineering, Vol.10 (2) (1996), p.751 [4] Jiahao Lin, Pseudo-excitation Method.

Slope instability risk analysis in earth dams using LHS-MC method Wang Wei 1, 2,a Li Chuanqi 2,b Wang Shuai 2,c 1 School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072，China； 2 School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China awangweilcq@sdu.edu.cn, blichuanqi@sdu.edu.cn, cwangshuaisdu@126.com Keywords: slope instability; risk analysis; Monte-Carlo method; Latin Hypercube Sampling.
So c-φ correlation should be considered in engineering.
Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(7):1 417–1 424 ( in chinese)
Structure & Environment Engineering. 1997(3):14~18 ( in chinese)
Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2002,128(1):121~125

Reliable Analysis and Study of Lining Structure of Tunnel in Loess Areas Zelin Niu 1,a, Zhanping Song 2,b 1.School of Civil Engineering,Xi'an University of Achitecture and Technology 710055, Shaanxi, P.
China 2.School of Civil Engineering,Xi'an University of Achitecture and Technology 710055, Shaanxi, P.
But from the project cost, lining thickness are too thick which makes engineering costs too much, the economic benefits of construction units will be reduced.
On the premise of meet the reliability of the engineering, construction technology should be strictly controlled .If the average thickness can be reduced, the cost would be less.
References: [1]Mcwilliam.S:submitted to Computers and Structures(2001) [2] Muhanna .R.L,Mullen.R .L:submitted to Journal of Engineering Mechanics(2001) [3]Wangd.G,Liu Y X,LIS J:submitted to Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,in Chinese, (2002) [4]Wen.Y.K,Song.S.H:submitted to Journal of Structural Engineering( 2003)

Reinforcement and Replacement Technology on members and Roof Purlin of a Space Grid Structure after Snowstorm Disaster LIU Ming1,a, Li Liang1,b, FAN Xin-hai2,c,ZAI Xi-mei3,d,WANG Yuan-qing4,e 1School of Civil Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China 2Technology Center,China Construction Eighth Engineering Division, Shanghai 200120,China 3School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China 4Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China aemail: liumingsy2008@163.com, bemail: wangce52188@163.com, cemail: fanxinhai521@163.com, demail: xmzhai@hit.edu.cn, eemail: wang-yq@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn Keywords: Reinforcement; Replacement; Roof purlins; Snowstorm disaster Abstract.
(3) Cracked defect detection According to the Grid Structure Design and Construction Standard of China [7] and Criteria for Evaluation of Grid Constructional Engineering Quality Inspection of China [8], bolted spherical joints in the deformation area of upper chord and bottom chord of the grid structure were detected whether exist cracked defect.
WORLD EARTH QUAKE ENGINEERING,2008,24(4):59-63
Application of the clan member signal method in structural damage detection [J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2007, 6(1): 29-34
Criteria for Evaluation of Grid Constructional Engineering Quality Inspection (JGJ 78-91)

Performance of Asphaltic Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash under Low Temperature Ng Cui Ming1,a,*, Nicole Liew Siaw Ing1,b, Khairil Azman Masri1,c, Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya1,d, Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar2,e, Muhammad Naqiuddin Mohd Warid3,f, and Norhidayah Abdul Hassan3,g 1Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Malaysia 2Building and Construction Engineering Department, Technical College of Mosul, Northern Technical University, 41002 Mosul, Iraq 3Faculty of Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia a,*cuiming96@gmail.com, bnicole95liew@gmail.com, ckhairilazman@ump.edu.my, dramadhansyah@ump.edu.my, ezaid.alsaffar025@gmail.com, fnaqiuddin@utm.my, ghnorhidayah@utm.my Keywords: Fly Ash, Low Temperature, Asphalt Mixture, Dynamic Creep Modulus, Stability Abstract.
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 32(11), 04020325. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0003396
In Creep Characteristics of Engineering Materials.
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000125
Trends in Civil Engineering and its Architecture (2018). https://doi.org.10.32474/tceia.2018.03.000156

The Utilization of Coconut Fibre into Fired Clay Brick Aeslina Abdul Kadir1,a, Siti Noorhajar Mohd Zulkifly2,b, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah3,c and Noor Amira Sarani4,d 1Associate Profesor, Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia 3Center Centre of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology, School of Materials Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, P.O Box 77, D/A Pejabat Pos Besar, 01007 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia 2,3Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia aaeslina@uthm.edu.my, bajanorZ@gmail.com, cmustafa_albakri@unimap.edu.my, dnramira1987@gmail.com Keywords: Coconut Fibre; Fired Clay Bricks; Gas Emissions; Physical and Mechanical Properties Abstract.
Preliminary test was conducted which is covers the determination on plastic limit, liquid limit and plasticity index of the soil by carrying out the Atterberg Limit Test in accordance Method of Test for Soil or Civil Engineering Purposes; Part 2: Classification Test [13].
In this process, the relationship between the moisture content and the density of the soils was obtained by conducted compaction test also according to Method of Test for Soil or Civil Engineering Purposes; Part 2: Classification Test [13].
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, (2011), pp. 51-57
Methods on Test for Soils or Civil Engineering Purposes; Part 2: Classification Test

Therefore, we should gradually introduce the low-rise structure housing to the civil construction, but at present, people generally believe that the construction cost of steel structure housing is high; here we will start from reducing the cost of wall materials in the steel structure housing system to reduce the overall cost of low-rise steel structure housing. 3.
take advantage of the production of coal resources in northern Shan'xi are mainly some coal gangue and fly ash related new wall materials, such as steam-cured or sintered gangue bricks, autoclaved or sintered fly ash bricks, cinder bricks, fly ash blocks, coal gangue lightweight aggregate concrete blocks and industrial ash concrete hollow partition boards, these coal gangue and fly ash related wall materials will be analyzed below: Sintered porous brick is made by sintering process with clay, shale, coal gangue and fly ash as the main raw materials, which is mainly used for the blocks of load-bearing parts; sintered hollow brick is made by sintering process using clay, shale and coal gangue as the main raw materials, which is primarily used for the masonry unit of non-load-bearing parts, sintered porous brick and hollow brick are both light weight, and have good seismic behavior, which can reduce the size and reinforcement of building foundation and structure, and lower the structural engineering
cost, they also require small amount of masonry mortar, ensure high construction efficiency, save masonry costs and shorten construction time, which are suitable for load-bearing walls and non-load-bearing walls of general industrial and civil buildings; coal gangue sintered hollow brick is a type of sintered hollow brick, which is a new-type wall material made by crushing, aging, mixing, forming, drying and calcination processes using coal gangue — the byproduct of coal industry — as the raw material, it is categorized into two major types: load-bearing hollow brick and non-load-bearing hollow brick, the main feature of coal gangue hollow brick is "brickmaking without clay, brick firing without coal", which is a new-type wall material truly achieving energy reduction, soil conservation and refuse reclamation, the product can be used instead of clay bricks in coal regions; fly ash brick is a type of block material which is made by aging, wheel grinding, compression molding and ordinary
or high pressure curing processes using fly ash and lime as the main raw materials, which are mixed with appropriate amount of gypsum, cinder and water to blank, according to different curing conditions, fly ash brick is divided into steam-cured fly ash bricks, steam-pressed fly ash bricks and self-cured fly ash bricks, fly ash bricks are mostly gray, which can be used for walls and foundation of industrial and civil buildings; industrial ash concrete lightweight hollow partition board refers to the concrete hollow panels made ​​of industrial ashes such as fly ash, burned or spontaneous combustion coal gangue, cinder, slag and aerated concrete debris, it also includes concrete hollow partition boards using coarse and fine aggregates of fly ash, coarse and fine aggregates of shale, and natural pumice as aggregate.
Author profile Zhuling Yan (1976-), female, local people in Yanchuan, Shan'xi, China Democratic League member, lecturer of School of Architecture of Yan'an University, mainly teaches and researches in civil engineering.

True Bond Strength of Steel and PC with Nanoalumina AlaEddin Douba1,a, Moneeb Genedy1,b, Edward Matteo2,c, John Stormont3,d and Mahmoud Reda Taha4,e 1Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil Eng., University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA 2Senior Member of Technical Staff, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA 3Professor, Dept. of Civil Eng., University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA 4Professor & Chair, Dept. of Civil Eng., University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA a douba@unm.edu , b moneeb@unm.edu , c enmatte@sandia.gov, d jcstorm@unm.edu , e mrtaha@unm.edu Keywords: Nanomaterials, Slant Shear, Finite Element Analysis, Bond Strength.
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 1993; 5, 1, 62-82
Engineering Fracture Mechanics. 2006; 73, 2375-2398

Ling1,2,c and Khairul Anuar Kassim2,d 1Faculty of Civil and Env.
Eng., Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Malaysia 2Faculty of Civil Eng., Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia afaizalp@uthm.edu.my; btarmizi@uthm.edu.my; cfelix@uthm.edu.my, dkanuar@utm.my Key words: Geochemistry, Kaolin, Humic Acid.
Organic soil is always known as problematic soil because of its engineering properties are inferior from other soft soils and/or because its behaviour may deviate from traditional rules of soil behaviour which makes it difficult to predict and design.
These characteristics make organic clays unsuitable for engineering construction unless a suitable improvement method is applied.
Stace, Effect of Humic Acid on Physical and Engineering Properties of Lime-Treated Organic Clay, Engineering and Technology 59 (2011) 1820-1825.