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According to the theory, each subsystem interacts one another by material, energy and information exchange, etc, making the system change from disorder to order or from one orderly state to a higher orderly one.
Nonlinear Science and Complexity Science [M].
Journal of Management Science, 2001, (3), p73-78.
Journal of North China Electric Power University (Social Sciences), 2010 (6) , p3.
Journal Of Liaoning University Of Technology, 2008, 47 (1) , p 51.

Fig. 4 Needle joint Airbags were made of nylon material, which was similar to automobile airbags.
Acknowledgments This study has been financed partially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51105359 and 61072031), the National Basic Research (973) Program of China (Sub-grant 6 of Grant No. 2010CB732606) and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was also supported by the Guangdong Innovation Research Team Fund for Low-cost Healthcare Technologies, and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2012B050200004). 6.
Johansen, Hip fracture, British Medical Journal. 333 (2006) 27–30
Drewett, Cost-Benefit analysis of hip fracture treatment, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
Quine, Quality of life related to fear of falling and hip fracture in older women: a time trade off study, British Medical Journal.320 (2000) 241–246

Raw Materials and Mix Proportions.
Building Materials and Decoration, 2017 (24): 2.
Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 195: 638-649
Construction and Building Materials, 2012, 36: 216-227
Frontiers in Materials, 2021, 8: 769579

Composite materials are mostly used in applications where stiffness-to-weight or strength-to-weight ratios are critical.
Introduction Nowadays trends in construction is to use lightweight and longlife materials, which makes FRP and sandwich composite materials to have a larger aplicability especially due to their strength and stiffness [1,2,3,4].
The shell is reinforced with longitudinal web stiffeners having various geometries and made out of various materials (composites, aluminum and steel).
Chirică, Numerical tests on the buckling of the plates made of composite materials, Proceedings: Modelling and optimization in the machines building field, Romanian Technical Sciences Academy 3, ISBN 1224-7480 (2006) 57-60
Chirică, Buckling of Composite Plates, chapter in Advances in composite materials - ecodesign and analysis, edited by Brahim Attaf, Ed.

For most food products, including toffee, conducting standard mechanical tests in order to extract materials properties data is very difficult.
The figure shows clearly the level of variation, which results from testing food materials, even when specimens have been very carefully and consistently prepared and tested from the same batch.
These findings are important for customising blade designs to specific food materials, because temperature effects can be significant in the cutting process.
Williams: The Analysis of the Frictional Effect on Stress-Strain Data from Uniaxial Compression of Cheese, Journal of Materials Science, 36 (2001)
MacBeath: Temperature Effects in Ultrasonic Cutting of Natural Materials, Annals of CIRP, 54/1 (2005).

Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006, 172: 152–158
Materials Transactions, 2005, 46: 2020-2026
Materials Science and Engineering A, 2006, 418: 257-262
Materials Science and Engineering A, 2011, 528: 1310-1317
Materials Science Forum, 2006, 503-504: 793-798

Material and Methods Materials and reagents UV 754 visible spectrophotometer and electronic analytical balance were purchased from Mettler company, Switzerland.
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences. 36 (2008) 14928-14929
Food Science. 29 (2008) 231-233.
Food Science. 33 (2012) 55-59
Food Science. 11 (1994) 65-67

Investigation of Deibinding and Sintering of 3Y-ZrO2 Gear Fabricated by Micro Powder Injection Molding Lin Liu1,a, Yu Chen1,b, Xinlei Ni2,c, haiqin Yin3,d and Xuanhui Qu3,e 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China 2Science and Technology on Advanced High Temperature Structural Materials Laboratory，Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China 3Institute of Particulate and Powder Metallurgy, School of Material Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Bejing 100083, China aliulin@cumtb.edu.cn, b807437915@qq.com, cnxl03105209@163.com, dhqyin@mater.ustb.edu.cn, equxh@mater.ustb.edu.cn Keywords: 3Y-ZrO2 gear,μPIM, Solvent debinding, Thermal debinding, Sintering.
Economic success of micro-systems technology requires cost-effective fabrication in large series as well as a great diversity of materials-processing technologies.
However, the production cost is very high in most cases, and the materials available are also limited.
Experiment Experimental materials.
Wang, The debinding process of wax-base binder in PIM,Materials, Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy. 16 (2011) 150-154

A New Buck/Boost Bidirectional DC/DC Converter Base on Soft Change Current Network Dianlong Wanga, Dongjie Shenb School of Material Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China auc3875@163.com, b694174280@qq.com Key words: Buck/Boost; soft change current; Saber; bidirectional DC/DC converter Abstract:There is a problem about high current and voltage spikes in Buck and Boost converters,it will damage main power devices .Therefore, a novel Buck/Boost bidirectional DC/DC converter based on soft change current (SCC) network was given, and Buck and Boost modes ware particularly analyzed.Groups parameters of L/C/D are selected and simulated with Saber software.
Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (51205106), the Hebei Natural Science Foundation (E2010000879) and the Hebei Science and the Technology Research and Development Program (12213910D).
Social Sciences in China.2010, 2:91-110."
Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology, 2009,30 (4):323-327."

In the paper, diasporic bauxite and RMG were respectively used as starting materials to prepare PAFC.
Experiment Materials and Apparatuses in Experiment Hydrochloric acid, diasporic bauxite and RMG are used as main materials in the experiment.
Leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide increase notably if RMG is used as raw materials.
Diasporic bauxite is not suitable for raw materials for PAFC, while RMG is chosen as raw materials.
Journal of Shenyang University of Technology 2009,31(4):383 387