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The molecular structure and chemical composition of the zinc ferrite powders were investigated between 400 cm-1 and 4000 cm-1 in terms of wave number using an FT-IR.
The as-prepared zinc ferrite exhibits a typical Fd3m space group structure and the diffraction peaks at 2q=18.39°, 30.25°, 35.63°, 37.27°, 43.31°, 53.74°, 57.29°, 62.91°, and 74.45°, which represent the (111), (220), (311), (222), (400), (422), (511), (440) and (533) crystal planes of zinc ferrite, corresponding well to the international standard PDF card (JCPDS No. 73-1963), indicating that the as-prepared zinc ferrite had a fcc spinel structure [2].

The diffraction peaks (220), (311), (400), (422), (511) and (440) reflection planes respectively corresponding to face-centered cubic spinel structure of ZnFe2O4 matches incredibly well with the JCPDS card no.22-1012 [15], hence the observed patterns have been evidently legitimated to the presence of spinel structure.
X-ray density (dx) (gm/cm3) 5.472 Plasma energy(eV) Fermi energy (eV) Penn gap (eV) Porosity (P) (%) 18.71 14.628 18.93 24.52 In Eq.4 unit cell volume (V), In Eq.5 X-ray density (dx), In Eq.6 porosity (P) is given by, (3) (4) (5) (6) In Eq. 3, h, k, l is the Miller indices, d is the interlinear distance and a, b and c are the lattice parameters and having a lattice constant Fd3m space group and in Eq (5), M, N and a represent molecular weight, Avogadro number

Padmaraj et. al [15] reported that the ZnO filler enhanced ionic transfer number from 92 to 95% of solid polymer electrolyte.
These results are in a good agreement with JCPDS card no. 98-015-4487 and previous reported [12].

The JCPDS card indicates that there are four diffraction peaks at 23.51o, 24.2 o, 28.36 o and 34.89 o in Figure 3b.
The low-pressure O2 plasma process exhibits elevated energy per atom, leading to more bombardments on the WO3 surface and a greater number of surface defects [18].

All of the peaks could be indexed as the cubic nickel ferrite according to the stand card (JCPDS 10-0325) with the lattice parameters a=b=8.34Å and α=β=γ=90˚C.
Oxygen adsorption is increased in the surface of composite particles, which can capture the photoinduced electrons to prevent the recombination with holes, and generate a large number of reactive radical species to promote the photo-oxidation degradation of organic matters.

In a large number of preparation methods, solvothermal method is selected to prepare the sample.
The diffraction peak of the prepared W18O49 and W18O49@PEG are high in correspondence with the standard card (JCPDS 71-2450) and has no characteristic diffraction peaks of other impurities.

Results and Discussion The KSr2(Fe0.25Nb4.75)O15-d powder exhibits only diffraction lines set ascribed to the host structure (KSr2Nb5O15), a tetragonal tungsten bronze type structure with tetragonal symmetry identified from the JCPDS card number 34-0123.

The number of sprays was maintained at 90 for all samples.
Presence of ZnO and SnO2 peaks exhibit hexagonal wurtzite and tetragonal cassiterite structure, respectively which follow the JCPDS card no of 79-0208 and 77-0449, respectively.

In general the number of SPR peaks usually increases as the symmetry of nanoparticles decreased.
For the silver nanoparticles prepared in the condition of PVP K30, the ration of the (200) to (111) peak is consistent with the standard PDF card.
Whereas the ratio of the (111) to (200) peak is nearly 2 times of standard powder (4.8 vs 2.5, see JCPDS No.04-0783).

A number of works have been previously reported around the presence, adsorption, and self-assembly of nanoparticles at the interfaces [8,9].
Fig. 2 XRD pattern of nanospherical ZnO(1) containing Wurtzite structure with hexagonal phase according to JCPDS card no. 36-1451.