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The Evaluation of Material Degradation in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel by Electrochemical and Magnetic Property Analysis Yangki Hyun1,a, Soonho Won 1,b, Jaeho Jang 1,c and Inbae Kim 2.d 1 Material Safety Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, 66, Sangnamdong, Changwon, Kyeognam, Korea 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 30, Jangjeon-dong, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, Korea a ykhyun@kmail.kimm.re.kr, bwsh@kmail.kimm.re.kr, c jngjho@kmail.kimm.re.kr, dpnuibkim@hanmail.net Keywords: Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel, Materials Characterization, Nondestructive Testing, Material degradation, Polarization, Hysteresis loop Abstract.
Materials and Experimental Procedure Materials.
Materials used in this study are modified 9Cr-1Mo steels that were interrupted creep test.
The chemical compositions of these materials are given in Table 1.
Typical XRD patterns of extraction residue of the materials are shown in Fig. 2.

Establishing PZT piezoelectric ceramic finite element model Piezoelectric body is a coupling of structure field and electric field, as piezoelectric materials concerned, voltage make its internal stress, which electrical displacement rely on.
References [1] GAUDENZI P, BATHE K J: Journal of Intelligent Materials Systems and Structures,1995, 6(6): 266-273
[2] CHANDRASHEKHARA K, BHATIA K: Smart Materials and Structures, 1993, 2(2):31-39
[3] PENG X Q, LAM K Y, LIU G R: Journal of Sound and Vibration,1998,209(4): 635-650
[6] TZOU H S, TSENG C I: Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1990 138 (1):17-34

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 329-333(1-3 PART A), 804-808
International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 10(2), 1728-1741
Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 19(3), 1593-1599
Materials and Design, 46, 740-745
International Journal of Materials Engineering Innovation, 7(2), 89-103

Ceramic materials will become one of the most useful engineering materials.
Because ceramic materials are representative hard-brittle materials, in a long time, diamond grinding is regarded as the only feasible machining process.
Many previous literatures indicate that ultrasonic vibration can well improve the processing results for hard-brittle materials.
Under tough conditions materials are removed mainly by brittle fracture.
(in chinese) [7] Liu YH, Li XP, Ji RJ：submitted to Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 2008; 208(1-3): 245-250

The corrosion resistance of such materials in the environment of the oral cavity is very high and is confirmed by many years of medical practice of their use.
[2] Avadhesh Kumar Chaubey, Sunil Kumar Mishra, Ramesh Chowdhary, Positive material identification testing of dental implant to correlate their compositions with allergic conditions, Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research. 9(3) (2019) 294
Scientific journal “Science Rise”. 12/3(17) (2015) 72–76 [in Russian]
Hong, Corrosion of dental metal and alloy materials in oral application, Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research. 14(21) (2010) 3961-3964
Volchkova, Selecting clinical and laboratory methods of manufacture of orthopaedic titanium alloy structures using a biopotentiometer, Current science. 114(4) (2018) 891-896

The study would provide guidance to improve the machining precision and machining efficiency of high temperature alloy materials.
Orthogonal milling experiments Experimental equipment and materials.
Hashmi, Modeling of cutting force in end milling Inconel 718, Journal of Materials Processing Tech.. 58 (1996) 100-108
Rahman, An investigation of cutting forces and surface damage in high-speed turning of Inconel 718, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. (2007) 139-146
Ridgway, Optimization of tool life and productivity when end milling Inconel 718TM, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 189 (2007) 153-161

In the ball milling processing, antimony powders of the raw materials is intensely impacted, rubbed and crashed by mill ball.
Acknowledgements: The work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China (LY12E01002) and the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Gansu Advanced Non-ferrous Metal Materials, Lanzhou University of Technology (SKL12012).
Razak, Review on oxides of antimony nanoparticles: synthesis, properties, and applications, Journal of Materials Science. 45 (2010) 5993-6008
Wang, The tribological behavior of antimony nanoparticles as additive in hydraulic oil, Materials Science & Technology. 21 (2013) 24-29
Zomorodian, Ball milling criteria for producing nano intermetallic compounds, Materials Science and Technology. 26 (2010) 281-284.

Therefore in the future, by using recycled materials or more environmental materials will be a good way to reduce environment impact.
Input of materials.
Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol.17 (6)(2013),p. 859-868 [3] T.
Journal of Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 54(2010) 776-782 [9] M.
Changsha University of Science and Technology(2007) [14] X.X.

The starting materials used were AZ31 alloy powder and SiO2 powder.
The materials produced with fine and coarse powders are denoted hereafter as Mg2Si-F and Mg2Si-C, respectively.
Tsuboi: Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan Vol. 52 (2003), p. 821
Hasegawa: Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan Vol. 53 (2004), p. 1371
Bekku: Materials Science and Engineering Vol.

The preparation of fiber-reinforced foaming desulfurization gypsum LinLin Li, GuoZhong Li a* Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China amse_ligz@ujn.edu.cn, *correspondence author Keywords: gypsum-based foamed composite materials; fibers reinforced; mechanical properties Abstract.
According to the mixture ratio, quantified all the raw materials precisely.
References [1] Shi Hui-sheng，Guo Xiao-lu and Liu Hong-yan: Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science), (2009), p. 656-659
[4] Zheng Jin-cui, Sun Zhen-ping and Pang Min: Shanghai Building Materials, (2010), p. 54-58
[5] Wu Xiao-qin, Wu Zhong-biao: Chongqing Environmental Science, (2003), p. 192-195.