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Properties of materials in numerical analysis are shown in Table 5.
As a new kind of no-polluted fibers reinforced cement materials, basalt fiber is also known as "the stone becomes silk" in the 21st century.
As a new fiber reinforced cement materials, the popularization and application of basalt fiber in the hydraulic concrete field still needs to be studied in depth.
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University.
(Natural science) ，2008，39(1)：80-84； [5] W.M.Li,J.Y.Xu.Strengthening and toughening in basalt fiber-reinforced concrete [J]．Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society，2008,36(4)：476-481; [6] Q.T.Hou,W.Hou and Q.G.Yang,etal.

According to the material constitutive relationship, concrete as a porous system materials, any of its properties are determined by their composition and microstructure.
Micromechanical studies of crack growth in fiber reinforced materials.
Micromenchanical multiple finite element modeling of crack growth in fiber reinforced materials.
Popovics, New formulas for the prediction of the effects of porosity on concrete strength [J], ACI Material Journal, 1981, 78(2):127-129
A study of the quantitative relationship between strength and pore-size distribution of porous materials [J].

Palacz2,h 1 University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK 2 Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdańsk, Poland 3 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria 4 University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK 5 Russian Academy of Sciences, St.
Koiter, Discussion of Rectangular Tensile Sheet with Symmetric Edge Cracks, Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 32 (Trans.
Levy, The Part Through Surface Crack in an Elastic Plate, Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 3 (1972), pp. 183-194
Berger, A New Approach to the Analysis of Large Deflections of Plates, Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 22 (1955), pp. 465-472
Reddy, Nonlinear Vibrations of Rectangular Plates with Cut-outs, AIAA Journal, Vol. 10 (1972), pp. 1709-1710

In this investigation a mild strength steel DC04 is used as sheet material.
Introduction Tribology is defined as the science of interacting surfaces at relative movement [1].
To measure the influence of surface roughness on disperse of CO2 in this lubrication system, four different sheet materials are tested.
The liquid CO2 acts like intermediate material, similar to the regular lubricant.
Schmidt, Dry Metal Forming: Definition, Chances and Challenges, International Journal of precision engineering and manufacturing - green technology, Vol.1, No. 1 (2014) 1-4

Siambun1 and Jedol Dayou2 1School of Engineering and Information Technology, 2 Energy, Vibration and Sound Research Group (e-VIBS), School of Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
Introduction The factors controlling the friction behaviour of materials include mechanical stresses, temperature and oxidation phenomena [1].
This layer plays a protective role as it reduces material loss rate by reducing or eliminating direct contact of the two surfaces.
Hutchings, Tribology – Friction and wear of engineering materials, Edward Arnold, London, 1992
Zhao, Friction and wear properties of TiN, TiAlN, AlTiN and CrAlN PVD nitride coatings, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 31 (2012) 82-88

Chocolate can be easily turned into a cream state using heat and therefore has characteristics like plastic materials, which are typically used in 3D printing via FDM technology [3].
A large number of materials have been printed, ranging from pizza dough, meat, pasta to confectionery products such as sugar, chocolate, decorative cake toppings, and many others [2].
Materials and Methods Material.
EDP Sciences
Journal of Food Chemistry, (1998) 73-97.

Therefore, the lotus-type porous metals have attracted considerable attention for various applications as light-weight materials, catalyses, electrodes, vibration and acoustic energy damping materials[2-4].
Shapovalov: Porous and Cellular Materials for Structural Applications, ed. by D.S.
Tane: submitted to Materials Science Forum
Yajima: Journal of the JCBRA Vol. 40 (1) (2001), p. 301.

Influence of Free Volume on Damping Properties for CIIR and CIIR/PEA Investigated by Positron Yuchan Zhu,1 Bo Wang,1,a Wei Zhou, 1 Jinrong Wu,2 Guangsu Huang2 1 Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China 2 College of polymer science and polymer materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China a email: bwang@positron.whu.edu.cn Keywords: free volume, damping, positron annihilation, CIIR, CIIR/PEA Abstract.
Introduction Polymer can be used as damping materials because the absorbed energy by it eventually dissipated as heat [1, 2].
As high-performance damping materials, a broader glass transition region is desirable to cover wider temperature range.
Experimental Materials and Preparation.
Mohd Ishak, Journal of vinyl technology, 1994, 16, 226-230

Crystal Structure and Hydration Characteristics of Tricalcium Silicate Doped with Magnesium Oxide Lin Chen1,a, Xu Wang1,b, Xiaodong Shen2,c, Suhua Ma2,d, Weiqiang Zhou2,e 1Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Technical Vocational College, Nanjing 210019, PR China; 2State key Laboratory of Materials-oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, PR China a*email:Lchen816@126.com, bemail:wangxulism@126.com, cemail:xdshen@njut.edu.cn, demail:yc982@163.com, eemail:lch210019@126.com Key words: tricalcium silicate; MgO; structure; hydration Abstract: The research investigates various methods to identify magnesium oxide influences on the crystal structure and hydration properties of tricalcium silicate.
Experimental Procedure Preparation of Specimen Pure tricalcium silicate and its solid solutions with magnesium were made by solid-state reaction at 1500℃.The starting materials were analytical reagent grade calcium carbonate and quartz and magnesium oxide.
[7] Wang Chunfang, Zhou zonghui, Liu Caixia.Formation Kintics Of Portland Cement Clinker Containing With Magnesium Oxide, Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society. 39(2011)714-717
Materials and Structures, 41(2008)1729-1740.

Introduction Carbon fiber is one of the preferred high-performance materials in the aerospace field around the world.With a variety of excellent performance like high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, conductive, light quality, easy processing , it is now widely used in aerospace and military field.
It is a reinforced structure skeleton of composite material.It reinforced composite materials on the structure and properties, making it have significant resistance to stress concentration and the ability of impact damage and crack expanding [1].Although our country has obtained certain achievements in the development of high performance composite technology, some key technologies are in the hands of the developed countries.Therefore, our country should get rid of the limit of developed countries as soon as possible through the technical research, develop composited carbon fiber materials and equipment independently, to meet the development needs of the aerospace and other high-tech fields.
The young's modulus of material is E = 2.5 e11 pa, and density is 7850 kg/m3[6].According to the steps of finite element analysis , the stress nephogram of Φ 70 (Fig.9) , deformation nephogram of Φ70 (Fig.10), stress nephogram of Φ90 (Fig.11) and deformation nephogram(Fig. 12)can be obtained respectively .
Ackonwledgements This research has been supported by the Key Projects of the National Science & Technology during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period (2011BAF08B02).Bai Yu also thanks the Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology Tianjin Area Major Laboratory.
Journal of high-tech fibers and applications, 2005, 30 (5) : 24 to 40