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To reduce this impact, materials that are more environmentally friendly are used.
Several types of substitute materials have been offered.
Among these materials are silica fume and liquid carbon dioxide.
However, literature comparing the two materials is not available.
Simulations were carried out on two different types of concrete mix materials to see the effectiveness and the best materials for high-rise building structures.

Elms, Indentability of Conventional and Negative Poisson's Ratio Foams, Journal of Composite Materials, 27(12) (1993) 1193-1202
Yang, Review on Auxetic Materials, Journal of Materials Science, 39(10) (2004) 3269-3279
Lakes, Design Considerations for Materials with Negative Poisson’s Ratios, Journal of Mechanical Design, 115(4) (1993) 696-700
Smith, Stiffness and Energy Dissipation in Polyurethane Auxetic Foams, Journal of Materials Science, 43(17) (2008) 5851-5860
Prawoto, Seeing Auxetic Materials from the Mechanics Point of View: A Structural Review on the Negative Poisson’s Ratio, Computational Materials Science, 58 (2012) 140-153

Analysis of a Broken Pin on the Brake System of a Car Trailer Marián Hazlinger1,a, Roman Moravčík1,b*, Jana Moravčíková2,c and Daynier Rolando Delgado Sobrino2,d 1Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Materials Science, J.
Bottu 25, 917 24, Trnava, Slovak Republic 2Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Production Technology, J.
Dowling, Mechanical Behavior of Materials.
Materials Science and Technology [online], Vol. 6, No. 3, 2006.
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science.

Bi-layer materials are processed by powder metallurgy route.
Figure 6: Plots of the a) shrinkage and b) shrinkage rate curves for 10C, 20F and 10C/20F materials. 10C material has a low sinterability in contrast with 20F material.
Dilatometric plots of 10F and 20C monomaterials and of 20C/10F bi-layer materials are given on the Figure 9.
Figure 9: Plots of the a) shrinkage and b) shrinkage rate curves for 20C, 10F and 20C/10F materials.
Moon, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 335 (2002) 233

Gal-Or: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Vol.8 (1997) p.213
Matsuda: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Vol.30 (1996) p.321
Ohgushi: Materials Science and Engineering: C Vol.27 (2007) p.220
An: Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Vol.59 (2002) p.219
Zhitomirsky: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol.209 (2009) p.1853.

Since the factors of concrete durability damaged and materials deterioration , considered practical conditions of service structures and durability failure criteria of concrete members, a method of calculation the residual life was given, which is verified reasonable through the engineering case.
References [1] Weiliang Jin, Qingfang Lv and Yuxi ZHao: Journal of Building Structures.
Vol. 28(2007), p. 9 (in Chinese) [2] Yingfang Fan,JingZHou: China Civil engineering Journal.Vol.37(2004),p. 25 (in Chinese) [3] Yuxi Zhao,Weiliang Jin:Journal of Zhejiang University(engineering science).
Vol.27(2010),p.28-30 (in Chinese) [6] Xianming Wang, Hongyan Zhao: Journal of Building Structures.
Journal of Zhejiang University (EngineeringScience).

Materials and Methods Two kinds of biochars were commercial available, obtained from various suppliers and included enhanced biochar (EB), and walnut shell (WS) biochars.
Koutroulis, Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 476, (2013) pp. 290-301
Hauggaard-Nielsen, European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 62, (2011) pp. 581-589
O'Neill, et al., Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 70, (2006) pp. 1719-1730
Niandou, Soil Science, Vol. 174, (2009) pp. 105-112

Continuous cooling transformation behavior of subcooling austenite of SCM435 steels[J].Journal of Northeastem University(Natural Science).2013, 34(3):356-359
Martensitic transformation and martensite [M], 2nd edition, Beijing: Science Press, 1999,560-564
Determination of the Dynamic Recrystallization Kinetics Model for SCM435 Steel [J], Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science Edition, 2013, 28(4): 819-824
Journal of Iron and Steel Research .2008,20 (10): 40-43
Journal of Research .2004,16 (2): 40-42.

(2)Materials.
Fiber used is cellulose fiber produced by Shanghai Royang material company
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Science and Technology Project of CAAC (MHRD2009206) and Beijing SME Technology Innovation Fund (Z11110305511120).
Journal of Bulding Material, 12-16
“Shrinkage cracking of high strength concrete”, ACI Materials Journal, 93(5):409-415

All raw materials were mixed using a blender (EBR100, Electrolux) for 10 min.
Composites Science and Technology, 67( 2007) 2707-2714
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 129( 2011) 275-280
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 183( 2007) 155-159
Wear performance and wear debris of semimetallic automotive brake materials.