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Influence of Fe and Al Dopants on the Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Obtained by Spray Pyrolysis ABDELMALEK Nadjate1 and FARH Hichem2,3* 1 LMSSEF, Larbi ben M'Hidi University, 04000-Oum El Bouaghi, Algeria 2 Department of Material Sciences, University of Tebessa, Tebessa, Algeria 3Active Devices and Materials Laboratory, Oum el Bouaghi University, Algeria Keywords: ZnO:Fe, ZnO:Al, ZnO, UV-Visible, transmittance, optical band gap and urbach energy.
In our work, solution was prepared by mixing zinc acetate dihydrate, distilled water; aluminum chlorate and iron chlorate were starting materials, solute, dissolvent and dopand source, respectively.
These dopand source for prepared the transparent conductor oxide (TCO) and dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) materials respectively.
Science, 287 (2000) 1019-1022
Journal of Nanomaterials, 2014 (2014) Article ID 792102, 1-6 [12]Chen, X.L.; Zhou, Z.W.; Wang, K.; Fan, X.M.; Hu, S.C.; Wang, Y.; Huang, Y.

Introduction There is increasing demand for advanced materials with temperature capability of over 2000ºC in oxidative atmosphere for ultra-high temperature applications, such as hypersonic reentry vehicles with sharp aerosurfaces (nose caps and airframe leading edges).
SiC is distributed in grey areas and white materials include ZrB2 and ZrC.
Materials Science and Engineering a-Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 485(2008) 415-421
Zaykoski, Oxidation-based materials selection for 2000 degrees C plus hypersonic aerosurfaces: Theoretical considerations and historical experience.
Journal of Materials Science, 39(2004) 5887-5904

To describe yielding of orthotropic materials, a generalization of the second and third invariants of the deviatoric stress tensor were developed.
Science, Royal Soc.
Materials Processing Technology Vol. 97 (2000), p. 100
Brem: International Journal of Plasticity Vol. 7 (1991), p.693
Siegert Proceedings of the 6th European Mechanics of Materials Conference, Eds.

The stress function and stress field intensity of the materials under composted cyclic stress are analyzed.
For isotropic materials, the distribution of stress and strain is relation to the shape of notch.
References [1] J.Kminer: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Vol.205 (1991) , p.2912304 [2] M.C.Yip and Y.M.Jen: J.
Engineering Materials and Technology, Vol.119 (1997), p.104 [3] I.
Kocabicak and M.Firat: Materials and Design, Vol.25 (2004), p.73

Synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite surface-grafting poly(L-lactide) under microwave irradiation Binghong Luo1,2,a, ChungEn Hsu1,b, Jing Yang1,c, Jianhao Zhao1,2 ,d, Changren Zhou1,2,e 1 Biomaterial research laboratory, Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China 2 Engineering Research Center of Artificial Organs and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, PR China aemail: tluobh@jnu.edu.cn, bemail: 565315655@qq.com, cemail: 772531750@qq.com, demail: zjh629@126.com，eemail: tcrz9@jnu.edu.cn Keywords: Microwave synthesis; Hydroxyapatite; Poly(L-lactide); Surface grafting Abstract: Nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) surface-grafting poly(L-lactide) (g-HAP) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide (L-LA) using stannous octoate as initiator and n-HAP as co-initiator under microwave irradiation.
Introduction One of the main goals in developing bone substitute materials is to develop resorbable composites in the recent years [1,2].
Materials and methods Materials L-lactide (L-LA) was purchased from Glaco Ltd (Beijing, China) and recrystallized twice from dry ethyl acetate before use.
Effect of microwave power on g-HAP When microwaves penetrate materials, the energy of microwaves can be absorbed by materials, and subsequently be further translated into heat energy.
Zhong: Chinese Journal of applied chemistry Vol. 26, No.10 (2009), p. 1134

Analysis on Dynamic Response of Building Structure in Blasting Vibration Zhiyu Zhang Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, P.R.
The single vibration parameter standard does not take full consideration of the characteristics of the blasting vibration spectra, the dynamic feature of buildings and the strength of the building materials, thus there exists great discrepancy between the practical work and the theory.
After getting the shearing force, we can compare it with the shearing resistance index of the building materials, thus get the conclusion that to what extent the blasting vibration load effects the building structure[5]~[7].
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation (50674049).
(In Chinese) [4] Dowding,C.H., Cracking and Construction Blasting Journal of Construction Division, Vol.107, N.O.Col.ASCE, 1981 [5] Sili Gong.

Introduction Aluminum is a promising anode material with negative potential, high electrochemical equivalent, wide variety of sources, and low cost [1].
These factors restrict its application as a sacrificial anode material [2-6].
With the constant increasing demand of property of sacrificial anode material in various work environments, it’s, particularly, essential to explore new high-performance sacrificial anode materials and study the influence of alloy elements on their properties.
Saremi: Materials Science&Engineering Vol. 431 (2006), p. 263-273
Zhang: Chinese Journal of Rare Metals Vol. 28 (2004), p. 1010

Mg(OH)2 is also an environmentally friendly and safe material.
It is notable that no combustion by heating in air occurs, indicating that the Mg chips are converted to safe material, Mg(OH)2, which is also environmentally friendly.
Acknowledgement This work was supported by The Salt Science Research Fundation,No141 References [1] J.F.
Thistlethwaite, Recycling of by-products from Magnesium diecasting, Proceeding of the Third International Magnesium Conference, ed.G.W.Lormer (London, Institute of Materials, 1996),51-61
Huot, Hydrogen production via hydrolysis reaction from ball-milled Mg-based materials, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 31(2006)109-119

The Effect of Ferrochromium Fly Ash as a Pigment on Wall Tile Glaze Zahide BAYER ÖZTÜRK1, a and Nuran AY1,b 1 Anadolu University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iki Eylul Campus, 26555, Eskisehir/TURKEY ajasmine_z8@hotmail.com b nay@anadolu.edu.tr Key words: Fly Ash, Pigment, Glaze Properties, Wall Tile.
The increasing production of floor and wall tiles also brings the need for raw materials.
Several raw materials are used in tile body, glaze and pigments.
Çakı, in: The Usability of Ceramic Colors and Chromite as a Colorant, Technical University of Istanbul, Graduate School of Sciences, (1986)
Turan, ‘Production and Characterization of Iron-chromium Pigments and Their Interactions with Transparent Glaze, submitted to Journal of European Ceramic Society 23, (2003)

Experimental Materials.
The materials used in this study are desilicated fly ash (DSFA) that is the residue generated from FA by pre-desilication process.
Ahmaruzzaman, A review on the utilization of fly ash, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 36 (2010) 327-363
The Handbook of Inorganic Metalloid Materials Atlas.
[22] Koga, N., Criado, J.M.Kinetic analyses of solid-state reactions with a particle-size distribution (1998) Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 81 (11). 2901-2909.