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The former can more accurately describe the behavior of ductile materials, the later is based on an internal variable-formulation of plasticity theory, and usually used for the non-linear analysis of concrete material specially, typical mechanics behavior of concrete such as crack and crush can be welled simulated using this model.
Materials and Structures.
Materials and Structures.
Science Press, Beijing, (2005)
Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), Vol. 35(11), (2007), p. 1446-1449.

Materials & Design, 2013. 46: p. 668-674
Microstructure evolution during high temperature deformation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy [J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering, 2010,39(8):1323-1328 [6] G.Hammond, J.Nutting.
Influence of processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of (α+β) titanium alloys[J], Materials Science and Engineering, 1998,A243: 32-45
The effect of microstrueture on the mechanical properties of two-phase titanium alloys[J], Journal of Materials Proeessing Technology, 2003, 133(1-2): 84-89
Dynamic and post-dynamic recrystallization under hot, cold and severe plastic deformation conditions[J], Progress in Materials Science, 2014, 130-207.

Chu 2,b 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China 2 Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China a clchu@seu.edu.cn, b paul.chu@cityu.edu.hk Keywords: NiTi; Shape memory alloy; Titania film; Deposition-assisted advanced oxidation Abstract.
Introduction Titania (TiO2) films can mitigate thrombosis and their blood compatibility is known to be even better than low temperature isotropic pyrolytic carbon (LTIC) that is a common material in artificial heart valves [1].
Such a graded interface is expected to improve the bonding strength and provide sufficient mechanical stability to withstand both the shape-memory transition upon cooling and heating and also strong bending of the material (superelastic effect).
Wayman: Shape memory materials (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,1998) [3] T.
Baeyens: Journal of Hazardous Materials B Vol. 98(2003), p33 [9] R.C.

Raw material.
When using the slow heating, the material is kept in the semi-solid state for approximately 40 seconds, but this time is reduced to 10 seconds if we use the fast heating.
This is quite easy to explain as the slug is cooled during the transfer, its main liquid fraction decreases and this leads to a higher consistency of the material.
Kapranos : Thixoforming of a high performance HP9/4/30 steel, Materials Science and Engineering A 395 (2005) 53-61 [6] I.
Mehrabian : The rheology of a partially solid alloy, Journal of Materials Sciences 11, (1976), 1393-1418 [9] P.

Introduction Making use of the high reaction heat synthesized during powder combustion and taking synthesizing product as filling materials, thermit welding technology, with pressure loaded, can realize the joining of materials.
Banerjee: Journal of Materials Processing Technology.
Vol.23 (2002), p.87 [3] Wang Yu-fei, Yang Zhen-guo: Materials Science and Engineering.
Vol.5 (2005), p.48 [7] Ren Song-zan: Microstructure Atlas of Steel (Shanghai Science and Tech Literature Publishing Company, China 2003)
[8] Tang bo-gang: Welding Materials for Mile Steel and Low-alloy High-strength steel (Machine Industry publishing company, China 1987). 1 200μm 200μm 200μm

Application of Reverse Design in Wine Packaging Container Design Lingyu Zhang, Huailin Luo, Gang Xu, Yang Zhou Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, P.
Reverse Design and the Key Technologies Reverse design is a means to develop new products which comprehensive applies theoretical methods of modern industrial design, production engineering, materials science and related expertise.
In the the process of modeling, innovative design could been execute from the materials, processes, modeling detail, human factors,etc.
But for products which shape is more complex and made of soft materials, the adaptability is poor, the measuring speed is slow.
[6] WANG Xue-yi,LIU Xue-fei : Reverse Design in Product Design Studies[J], Journal of Wuhan University of Technology, 2010,12:140-142

Due to its high theoretical capacity, excellent electrical conductivity, rapid Li+ and Na+ mobility and remarkable mechanical strength this material has an increasing prominence as an anode material in Li-ion and Na-ion batteries [3-5].
Materials and Methods Ti foil was used as substrates for electrochemical deposition, and In nanoparticle arrays with an average size of 40 nm were deposited onto the surface by vacuum‐thermal evaporation.
Skundin, Study of the Process of Reversible Insertion of Lithium into Nanostructured Materials Based on Germanium, Russian Journal of Electrochemistry 54 (2018) 1111-1116
Skundin, Electrochemical insertion of sodium into nanostructured materials based on germanium, Mendeleev Communications 28 (2018) 659-660
Gösele, MATERIALS SCIENCE: How Nanowires Grow, Science 316 (2007) 698-699

In this paper, linear elastic mode was selected to simulate the contact characteristics of coarse-grained soils particles and parallel-bond model to simulate the contact characteristics of a small quantity of the cement materials between particles.
Additional, the residual strength of the cemented coarse-grained soils are very close with that of the coarse-grained soils because the cemented coarse-grained soils material become similar to the coarse-grained soils material after all cement bonds broken.
The cemented coarse-grained soils material is similar to the coarse-grained soils material when all cement bonds broken. 2.
Acknowledgements The study was conducted through a support by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90815024, 50808032, 50908032, 51078061) and Mega-projects of Science Research for the 11th Five-Year Plan (2008ZX5026—004) of china.
Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2008, 30(9):1361-1366

Introduction As one kind of potential structure materials which can be used in high temperature, TiAl alloys have shown high specific strength, high specific stiffness and excellent mechanical properties in high temperatures [1].
Loria, Gamma titanium aluminides as prospective structural materials, Intermetallics. 8 (2000) 1339-1345
Schmidt, Advanced Metallic Thermal Protection System Development, 40th Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit.Reno,Nevada,2002
Kridli,et al., Validation of a modified material model for use with shell elements to improve the predictive accuracy of the thickness distribution in superplastic forming of sheet metals, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 211 (2011) 1386-1394 [9] S.G.
Lee,et al., Deformation behavior in superplastic 5083 Al alloy during biaxial gas pressure lubrication, Materials Science and Technology. 24 (2008) 49-54.

Microstructural Evolution after Cold Forming and Recrystallization Annealing in Commercially Pure Titanium Sheet LI Jinyu1,a, LI Zhuang1,b*, LV Wei 2,c, KANG Shaopu3,d, YU Huanhuan1,e 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, Liaoning, China 2Land and resources department, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, Liaoning, China 3Great Wall Motor Company Limited, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China a378511329@qq.com, bLizhuang20047@163.com, clw4488@sina.com, dksp1989@163.com, eyuhuan_v@163.com Keywords: Titanium; microstructural evolution; cold rolling; recrystallization annealin; erichsen value Abstract.
(a) Processing 1; (b) Processing 2 Fig. 3 SEM micrographs of the specimens Fig. 4 TEM micrograph of the specimen in processing 2 3.3 Cold forming properties analysis Annealing heat treatment in hardened materials induces the occurrence of phenomena such as recovery, recrystallization and grain growth, resulting in microstructural changes and in the restoration of physical properties of the material in levels prior to the deformation.
The recovery of the CP-Ti material caused significant decrease in microhardness after annealing [10, 11].
Thornton. 36th Risø International Symposium on Materials Science. 89, 1 (2015) 1
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 19, 6 (2012) 530-535