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Sietsma 2,e 1)Materials innovation institute, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands 2)Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands 3)Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Ghent University, Technologiepark 903, 9052 Gent, Belgium a) s.ghodrat@m2i.nl, b) m.janssen@tudelft.nl, c) roumen.petrov@ugent.be, d) leo.kestens@ugent.be, e) j.sietsma@tudelft.nl Keywords: Compacted Graphite Iron; Growth; Thermo-mechanical Fatigue; Oxidation Abstract Cast iron components in combustion engines, such as cylinder blocks and heads, are exposed for long periods of time to elevated temperatures and subjected to large numbers of heating and cooling cycles.
The chemical composition of the material is given in Table 1.
Acknowledgements This research was carried out under project number MC2. 06270 in the framework of the Research Program of the Materials innovation institute M2i (www.m2i.nl).
ASM Specialty Handbook, ASM International, Materials Park, OH 44073-0002, pp. 407–413 (1996)
T., Growth and Scaling Characteristics of Cast Irons with Undercooled and Normal Flake Graphite, BCIRA Journal, 11(Report 689), pp. 223–230 (1963)

Despite the steadily increasing use of crystal plasticity models the so-called mathematical theory of plasticity (MTP) is still the dominanting approach to describe the plastic behavior of materials, mainly due to computational efficiency and accuracy.
Table 1: Material data for the aluminium alloy AA2090-T3 (cf. [1]).
Table 3: Material data for the aluminium alloy AA5042-H2 (cf. [5, p. 227]).
Lademo: Yield function calibration based on uniaxial and plane strain tensile tests, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 186 (2007) 221-235 [3] F.
Dick, International Journal of Plasticity 21 (2005) 1009-1039 [4] R.

Testing Materials and Methods Testing material is 4Cr5MoSiVl steel (H13).
This can enhance the binding strength and density between the oxide film and the substrate materials.
Wang: Journal of materials science and engineering, (1998)No.6,pp.13-16.
Yuan: Journal of rare earths,(1999)No.17,pp. 42-45.
Hong: Materials for mechanical engineering,(2000)No.1,pp.17-19.

We adopt impulse type high voltage discharge device, and use counter electrodes that are made of materials that can resist high temperature and conduct heat and electricity or ceramic conductors to discharge.
Since we have found that superconducting materials are about 100K, devices can only work with liquid nitrogen as coolants.
Moreover, because the temperature of the back of aero-engines is relatively high, the low temperature requirement of superconducting materials can not be easily met.
Therefore, how to put a coolant pipeline outside superconducting materials is also a problem that needs to be solved.
Chinese and Foreign Science and Technology of Ships, 1994, No. 2

All of these characteristics can be obtained with an effective design and with a careful choice of materials and construction technologies.
Nikolakopoulos, A Survey on Pneumatic Muscle Actuators Modeling, Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 6, p. 1442-1452, 2012
Kreheľ, Evaluation of capability of measuring device on the basis of diagnostics, Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 308, p. 69-74, 2013
Mižáková, Operating modes of pneumatic artificial muscle actuator, Applied Mechanics and Materials.
Leephakpreeda, Study on mechanical behaviors of pneumatic artificial muscle, International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 48, p. 188–198, 2010

Study on the asymmetric hot rolling of aluminium alloy thick plate Yubo Zuoa, Xing Fub, Jianzhong Cuic, Ping Wangd, Lei Lie, Xiangjie Wangf 1 Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819, China azuoyubo@epm.neu.edu.cn, bfuxingwww@sina.com, cjzcui@epm.neu.edu.cn Keywords: Asymmetric hot rolling; Shearing deformation; 5182 alloy; Plate shape; Microstructure Abstract.
Introduction Asymmetric rolling (ASR) method as one of the severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes has been extensively used to induce intense plastic strain to the bulk metallic materials in an attempt to fabricate the ultrafine grained materials which might possess the excellent mechanical properties[1-3].
Contrary to other SPD methods such as equal channel angular processing (ECAP) [4, 5], ASR potentially overcomes the limitation of producing fine grained materials with large dimensions due to its continuous feature in nature.
Sansome, Journal of Mechanical Working Technology, 6 (1982) 361-377
Cheng, Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater.

Experimental Material and Parameters of Sample Printing Experimental material The experimental material was a powder mix of WC-Co with a binder content of 30% and an average grain size of 6 microns.
Based on these results, other experiments are currently being prepared that focus on the processing of different carbide-based mixtures in order to deepen our knowledge of the behaviour of these materials when processed by additive SLM technology.
Comprehensive hard materials, Volume 1, Hardmetals.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology [online]. 2009, 209(8), 3840-3848 [cit. 2016-08-31].
Dostupné z: hhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167844207000407

�5�� � � � � � �5�� � � � � � � � � � � ���5���� Fig.1 TTT curve and Mn enrichment ratio vs temperature (Steel: 0.13C%, ~2%Mn) The development of new-typed air-cooled Mn-series bainitic steels Fang Hong-Sheng 1,a, Tan Zhun-li 1,b , Bai Bing-Zhe 1,c , Yang Fu-Bao 2,d 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing,China 2 Beijing General Research Institute for Non-ferrous Metals, Beijing, China a fhs-dms@tsinghua.edu.cn, btzl02@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn, c bzbai@tsinghua.edu.cn, dyfubao@mail.grinm.com.cn Key words: bainite; bainitic steel; strength and toughness; granular bainite; Carbide free bainite; duplex structure Abstract: The recent development and its superiorities of air-cooled Mn-series bainitic steels are summarized based on the microstucture characters and strengthening and toughening principle.
Introduction The discovery of bainite [1] make it possible to produce materials with good combinations of strength and toughness without any heat treatment after hot working or with only a simple tempering.
Conclusions The significance of the development of the Air cooled Mn-series bainite steel can be summarized as: reducing both materials and production cost; good combination of strength and toughness; self-hardened by air cooling from hot working without additional quenching-tempering treatment; large savings in energy resources; environmental pollution is reduced; obviously there are many applications and bright prospects for air cooled Mn-series bainite steels in the future.
Journal of Iron and steel institute, 1958,188, p.101 [3] H S Fang et al., Metallic Materials Research, 1976, 4 (12), p.913 [4] L Yang, H S Fang, Z H Meng, Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 1992, 28 (1) A, p.16 (in Chinese) [5] L J Habraken, Revue de Metallurgie, 1956, 53, p.930
And Eng.,2001, 30(Supp.), p.113 [14] H S Fang, D Y Liu et al., Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2001,13(3), p.31-36(in Chinese) [15] H S Fang, Y K Zheng et.al., SEAISI qurterly , 1991 , 20 (3), p.30

Besides, the United States, Britain, Canada and other developed countries put forward some new strategy with reviving manufacturing as a core, trying to seize the commanding heights of the future development of new industries such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, sensor networks and other emerging fields.
These industries such as new energy, new material, information industry, biological breeding and electric cars are facing fierce competitions, so it is harder to say that they can all become bigger and stronger in the new round of development tide.
It is needed to remould the heavy pollution industries such as chemical and building materials industry by using environmental protecting technical renovation, remould the energy-intensive industries such as iron and steel and nonferrous metal industry by using energy-saving technology, and expand the integration and development of deep process technology of agricultural products such as rice, citrus , tea and pigs.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Key Project of the Hunan soft science (2012ZK2004), Key Project of Hunan Social science fund (13ZDA03), the Open Fund Project of Key Research Institute of Philosophies and Social Sciences in Hunan Universities (13IEPM04), the Project of Higher Education Science Research of Hunan Education Department (10B007) and the Project of Humanities and Social Science Research of Ministry of Education (11YJA790108).
References [1] HongLing Sun, China Industry Economics, Nov. (2009), p.25-34, In Chinese [2] Yu Zhu, Modern Business, Vol14. (2012), p.194-195, In Chinese [3] Yan Gao, The Reach on the Evaluation Index System of the Construction of Two-oriented Society Zhengzhou University publishing (2012), In Chinese [4] JiaQi Wu, MengJun Qing, the Journal of Social science of Hunan normal university, Vol.6, 2012, p37-41, In Chinese [5] JingQing Cai, Chongqin Social Science, Sep. (2009), p55-58, In Chinese [6] BoShong Li, The Research of ‘Two-oriented’ Science and Technology Policy of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Pilot Zone, Master Thesis, June (2012), In Chinese

HCB and PEO were added as reinforcement materials that affect the crystallographic properties of the scaffold.
Therefore, one of the materials that can be used in BTE to overcome the weaknesses of metal materials that can regenerate new bone tissue, biocompatible and bioactive, is carbonated-hydroxyapatite (CHA).
PEO polymers have been widely used as biomedical materials due to their low toxicity and biocompatibility [12].
Materials.
Water not bound to other materials will evaporate during freeze-drying and create pores in the scaffold [19].