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Experimental data required for the simulations for each model is tabulated in Table 3.
The simulation results and experimental data for springback under different deformation speeds were plotted as shown in Fig. 7(a-d) based on the sheet thicknesses.
It can be seen that simulation results of springback were in good agreement with experimental data.
The simulation results of springback were not in good agreement with experimental data.
Project Title: “Investigation of Using Biaxial Stretch Test Data for Finite Element Codes of Sheet Metal Forming”.

• Only taxing the manufacturing chain • Not considering tax losses and exemptions, • All economic data will be demonstrated in ¥ (RMB) • All markets are neither monopoly nor perfect competition markets • Manufacturers are price takers on the international market
Accompanying the reduction of energy consumption, CO₂ emissions will also decrease.
Zhu, Liu and Wang [8] have set up a model to predict the impacts of different level carbon taxes to the amount of CO₂emissions reductions.
If carbon tax rises to ¥50/tonne, the reduction will be 44.7 million tonnes and 0.61% of total emissions at 2009 levels.
Correspondingly, the reduction of emissions in a 10 years term will respectively be 2.139% (¥20/tonne) and 5.358% (¥50/tonne) comparing to 2009 levels.

Data were shown in Table 1.
After the de-emulsifier addition, all pH data of the 6 parallel experiments showed the tendency of increase.
Through the data of median size in the wastewater, the FeS colloid particle concentration was figured indirectly.
Table 2 Dissociated water phase phenomenon and turbidity data under different de-emulsifier Separated water layer Phenomenon Turbidity（NTU） FeS colloid particle conc.
And the zeta potential data (as shown in Table 5) was monitored at different FeS concentration.

The Ni-Mn-Ga alloys extruded at high temperature with a relatively large reduction rate were the subject of the studies.
The round ingots of 20 mm diameter were homogenized at 1100oC for 2 hours and extruded into rods of 10 mm diameter with the reduction rate of 75 %.
Fig. 4: Morphology of martensite (a) and diffraction pattern of five-layered structure in alloy 3 (b) Fig. 2: Elongated grains in the extruded rod Fig. 3: Microstructure of the martensitic elongated grains in the rod Fig. 5: EBSD pole figures of the columnar grains of the alloy 3 specimen The pole figures of the extruded rod from the alloy 3 taken from the longitudinal cross section (Fig. 6) contain the scattered data of the grains oriented about the <001> direction.
Computer processing of the scattered data allows to contour the pole figures and thus reveals the preferred orientation.
Fig. 6: EBSD pole figures with scattered data of the axial texture in the extruded rod of alloy 3 specimen The used relation is as follows: )/1/(])/(1[ 2 0 acac   (3) for the five-layered martensite 0=0.12.

Results indicate that the presence of δ leads to a slight increase in peak stress and a proportionately greater post-peak reduction in flow stress, as compared to solutiontreated material.
Fig. 3 shows optimised global fits of Eq. 1 to the experimental data using both peak stress, σp (Fig. 3a) and nominal steady-state stress, σss (Fig 3b).
The data is somewhat scattered, but the analysis confirms a lower steady-state stress, and a slightly higher peak stress, for the material containing δ phase.
Solid lines represent optimised fits of Eq. 1 to the flow data for solution-treated material (circles).
Dashed lines represent similar fits to the data for the as-received material containing δ precipitates (crosses).

The initial products (mixture of non-stoichiometric magnetite and maghemite) were formed during iron reduction of synthesized ferrihydrite by bacterium G. ferrihydriticus.
Moreover, we suggest a new procedure for particle size and magnetic moment estimation with Mossbauer spectroscopy data.
During bacterial iron reduction non-stoicheometric magnetite (Fe3O4) and siderite (FeCO3) are formed.

Figure 1: "Global Market Outlook for Photovoltaics until 2012", www.epia.org Applications of SiC-Transistors in Photovoltaic Inverters Dirk Kranzera, Bruno Burgerb, Nicolas Navarroc and Olivier Stalterd Fraunhofer - Institute for Solar Energy Systems Heidenhofstrasse 279910 Freiburg, Germany a dirk.kranzer@ise.fraunhofer.de, bbruno.burger@ise.fraunhofer.de, cnicolas.navarro@ise.fraunhofer.de, dolivier.stalter@ise.fraunhofer.de Keywords: photovoltaic inverter, high efficiency, cost reduction, SiC, normally-off JFET, DMOSFET Abstract.
The European efficiency is a weighted efficiency (Eq. 1), which is based on empirical data.
A reduction of weight by 80 % compared to commercial inverters would be possible [2].
Stalter: Cost Reduction of PV-Inverters with SiC-DMOSFETs, in CIPS 20008, Nürnberg, Germany, 11-18 March (2008).

Fig. 1 The effect of the concentration of CuSO4·5H2O in the chemical replacement copper plating bath on DO in outlet treated by corresponding modified sponge iron (All data were resulted from 20 L/h and 17 cm bed height.
Fig. 3 The concentration of sulfate acid in the chemical replacement copper plating bath versus DO in outlet treated by corresponding modified sponge iron(All data were resulted from 20 L/h and 17 cm bed height.
Fig. 4 The variation of modifying times with the DO in outlet treated by corresponding modified sponge iron(All data were resulted from 20 L/h and 17 cm bed height.
Fig. 5 The effect of modifying temperature on DO in outlet treated by corresponding modified sponge iron (All data were resulted from 20 L/h and 17 cm bed height.
Fig. 6 The effect of adding auxiliary ligands into plating bath on DO in outlet water from modified sponge iron packed bed(All data were resulted from 20 L/h and 15 cm bed height.

True stress – true strain data obtained in uniaxial tensile tests.
Only centerline data are used in this study.
No local reduction in specimen thickness was made.
These data are compared to FE data corresponding to loading points shown in Fig. 6.
See section 2.2 for details on material data.

The collection of periodic profiles of oceanographic data at specific bites is a critical component of oceanographic monitoring programs.
To meet a program requirement for long time series data from the near surface to the certain depth, the profiler concept was considered.
All data collected by the instruments is relayed via the instrument float line to its winch drum where it is stored.
This is easily achieved by employing a 10:1 mechanical reduction between the two drums.
The CTD on one of the floats records profiling data from surface to certain depth while wave current meter is fitted on the big float to record datum of wave, tide and current.