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With the continuous development of industrial technology, high energy beam such as plasma beam and laser beam is widely used in surface cladding and modification of parts made from metals, alloys and composite materials.
Besides, the technology tends to pollute the environment and cause decarburize and burn-lost of alloy elements in material [10].
Test materials and methods Test materials.
China Welding, 2004, 5(13):7-10 [7] Lixia Ying，Liqin Wang，Dezhi Zhang.Journal ofHarbin Institute of Technology(New Series)，Vo1．13，No．3，2006:307-310 [8] Xiangfang Fan, Bin He, Yumei Luo.
Acknowledgements Supported by the Natural science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. 09KJD430012).

Material properties.
The material properties of each steel component are reported in Table 1.
The columns and beam are modeled using 2-D nonlinear material, fiber beam-column elements.
References [1] GB2975, Test standard for steel material.
(in Chinese) [2] Robert Park: Journal of the Structural Division, 108:4(1982), p.929-950

Introduction Aromatic polyimides are very attractive for their high mechanical strength, outstanding thermal stability and are widely used as plastics for a variety of applications such as automobile and aircraft parts, electronic packaging, films, adhesives, and matrix materials for composites [1, 2].
At present, almost all the related papers have focused on the synthesis of novel polyimide materials.
Experiment Materials: Pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) with commercial purity (≥99.8 wt%) was purchased from Lonza-liyang Co., dried under reduced pressure at 150°C for 3h.
Table 1 Properties of PI plastic Test items Standards Results Mechanical properties Tensile strength Plastics Determination of tensile properties(ISO 527) 95[MPa] Elongation(20°C) Plastics Determination of tensile properties(ISO 527) 10% Flexural strength Plastics Determination of flexural properties(ISO 178) 170[MPa] Flexural modulus Plastics Determination of flexural properties(ISO 178) 3500[MPa] Impact resistance Plastics Determination of impact properties by use of small specimens (ISO 179) 130[kJ/m2] Volume erosion rate Test method for friction and wear of plastics by sliding (China Standard 3960-1983) 1.7E-14[m3/(N*m)] Coefficient of friction Test method for friction and wear of plastics by sliding (China Standard 3960-1983) 0.18 Electrical properties Dielectric strength Methods of test for electric strength of solid insulating materials at power frequencies(IEC 243) 460[kV/mm] Permittivity (1MHz,20°C) IEC 250 3.4 Dielectric loss(1MHz,20°C) IEC 250 1.0E-4 Surface resistance
Leu: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 117(2010), p. 1144 [5] B.

During heating phase, the material of heating bridge expands, leading the actuator turns to the unheated bridge.
While cooling, the material contracts and the actuator turns to the heated bridge at the end.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50905112) and the Research Fund of State Key Lab of MSV, China (Grant No.MSV-MS-2010-12).
Advanced Materials Research, 2005, 6-8: 271-278 [5] H.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2008, 41, 245106.

Introduction Ion-exchange materials have long been widely used in pharmacy and medicine[1-3,5,8-11].
Fibrous ion-exchange materials are suggested to have a larger surface area to unit volume ratio, which leads to a higher absorption rate and absorption capacity as compared with the resin [12].
Materials and Methods Materials.Strong acid ion-exchange fibers [ -SO3H ion exchange groups, poly (ethylene-g-styrene-sulphonic-sodium) were obtained from Guilin Zhenghan Co.
Acknowledgement The authors greatly appreciate financial support from National Natural Science Foudation of China(No.81001414).
Journal 133:195–203

Evaluation of Electrochemical Behaviour and Surface Properties for Oxinium-like Zr-Nb Biomedical Alloys Ioan-Viorel Branzoi 1, Mihai Iordoc2,* , Florina Branzoi3 1 POLITEHNICA University of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Department of Applied Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, 132 Calea Griviţei, 010737 - Bucharest, Romania 2 National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering, INCDIE ICPEAdvanced Researches, 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138, Bucharest-3, Romania 3 Institute of Physical Chemistry, Spl Independentei 202, Bucharest, Romania Contact details: mihai_iordoc@icpe-ca.ro Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of Nb amount on electrochemical behaviour and surface properties for Oxinium-like Zr-Nb biomedical alloys.
The advantage is that the surface of the metal can be transformed into a relatively thick (micrometers) zirconium oxide (i.e., zirconia) ceramic-like material, thus combining the benefits of ceramic and metal in one component [7].
Vickers hardness is a measure of the hardness of a material, calculated from the size of an impression produced under load by a pyramid-shaped diamond indenter.
Kim, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 302, (2002), p.9
In Biological Performance of Materials: Fundamentals of Biocompatibility; Marcel Decker Inc.: New York, 1992.

Introduction The increasing application of composite materials in aeronautical structures requires the development of modern techniques to monitor the integrity of the most critical components.
Composites Science and Technology, 2009. 69(11–12): p. 1678-1685
Smart Materials and Structures, 2012. 21(10): p. 105026
Smart Materials and Structures, 2013. 22(8): p. 085014
Journal of sound and vibration, 2007. 299(3): p. 672-682

Co-precipitation of 5-Fluorouracil and Poly(L-lactide) Using Solutionenhanced Dispersion by Supercritical CO2 Xi-Ming Pu, Yun-Qing Kang, Ai-Zheng Chen, Li Liao, Guang-Fu Yin* College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China (*Corresponding author e-mail: nic0700@scu.edu.cn) Keywords: 5-fluorouracil; poly(L-lactide); supercritical carbon dioxide; microsphere Abstract. 5-Fluorouracil-poly(L-lactide) (5-Fu-PLLA) microspheres have been co-precipitated in a process namely solution-enhanced dispersion by supercritical CO2 (SEDS).
This technique has been used for the processing of diverse materials including low molecular weight substances, proteins and polymers [6].
Materials & Methods Materials.
Fluid Vol. 28 (2004), p. 85 [8] Y Wang, R Pfeffer, R Dave and R Enick: AIChE Journal Vol. 51 (2005), p. 440 [9] O Guney and A Akgerman: AIChE Vol. 48 (2002), p. 856

Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 501-504 (2014) pp 291-294, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.501-504.291, 2014
Key Engineering Materials, Vols. 577-578, (2014), pp 33-36 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.577-578.33
International Journal of Mechanics, Volume 8, Pages 208-215, ISSN: 1998-4448, 2014
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 818 (2013), pp 178-186, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.818.178 [6] R.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 501-504, pp 867-876.

Materials.
(3) It is desired to have more reasonable constitutive model of materials for obtaining accurate calculated results.
Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding provided by Science Foundation of China Three Gorges University under Item No.
Bayrak: ACI Structural Journal Vol. 105(2008), p. 290-300
Moriconi: Construction and Building Materials Vol. 25(2011), p. 1877-1882