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Sandwiched Wood-Plastic Composites with Flame-Retardant Skin Wen Lei1, a, Hong-ming Ma1,b and Yi Xu1,c College of Science,Nanjing Forestry University,nanjing210037,China aleiwen67@163.com,bnjfu-polymer@163.com,cnjfu01@21cn.com Keywords: wood plastic composites; basic magnesium sulfated whisker; wood flour; high density polyethylene; flame retardancy; mechanical properties Abstract.
Basic magnesium sulfated whisker(MOS) is a new kind of powdered material developing rapidly and attracting much attentions from people in recent years.
Experimentals Main raw materials wood flour(WF):60mesh,from Siyang county,Jiangsu province;high density polyethylene(HDPE):Yangtze Petrochemical Co.Ltd,the resin has a melt index of 5.5g/10min and a density of 0.965g/cm3;basic magnesium sulfated whisker(MOS):WS-1,Yinkou WSK Chemistry Co.
Ltd Preparation of WPC The raw materials such as MOS and WF were dried at 105 oC for 4h before cooling to room temperature, MOS was then immersed in the KH550 dissolved in tap water(1:50,v/v) for 30min and dried until constant weight in an oven at 80 oC under vacuum.The modified MOS and HDPE were dry blended by the mass proportion of 40 to 60 first, then milled furthermore at 150℃ to make sure the two raw materials mix homogeneously, followed by milling the mixture into sheet which was 1mm in thickness.This sheet containing MOS and HDPE would be used as the skin of the sandwiched WPC.Then the sheet was cut into rectangular pieces which share the width and length of the cavity in the female mold to be compressed.
References: [1] N Suppakarn, K Jarukumjorn:Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol.40(2009),p.613 [2] M García, J Hidalgo, I Garmendia, et al:Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol.40(2009),p.1772 [3]Geoff Pritchard:Plastics, Additives and Compounding, Vol.6(2004), p.18 [4] F P L Mantia，M Morreale:Polymer Degradation and Stability,Vol.93(2008),p.1252 [5] J P Kim,T H Yoon,S P Mun,et al:Bioresource Technology,Vol.97(2006),p.494 [6] W Lei:Engineering Plastics Application, Vol. 33(2005),p.16 (in Chinese) [7] Q H Wu,L X Tang,B J Qu:Journal of Functional Polymers, Vol. 18(2005),p.255 (in Chinese) [8] P Ma , Z Q Wei , G Xu ,et al:J Mater Sci Lett,Vol.19(2000),p.257 [9] H D Lu,J G Shao, X L Yu,et al.

Characteristics of Low Temperature Brittle Fracture Surface of High Nitrogen Austenitic Steel Shicheng Liu1, a, Shiyong Liu2,b and Deyi Liu1,c 1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian 116028, China 2 Electromechanics and Materials Engineering College,Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China a ymlsc@online.ln.cn, bshiyong@newmail.dlmu.edu.cn, cldy@djtu.edu.cn Keywords: high nitrogen austenitic steel; brittle fracture; fracture appearance; fracture mode.
Experimental The material used is a HNAS sheet composed of 0.048C, 19.33Cr, 19.64Mn, 0.70N, 0.42Si, 0.029P, 0.008S, 0.27Ni (wt %), and balance Fe.
[6] Shiyong Liu, Shicheng Liu and Deyi Liu: Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 39(2004), p.28418
Dai: Trans. of Materials and Heat Treatment, Vol. 26(2005), p. 33.

This paper proposes that using the energy-saving insulation materials as the outdoor building envelope for the simulated room Table 1.
Using insulation materials will not only enhancing interior comfort greatly but also saving energy.
Table 1 Building envelope materials and heat transfer coefficient form Building type Building envelope materials Heat transfer coefficient/（m2·K)/ Rural residential Exterior wall Cement mortar 0.45 Benzene insulation board Concrete brick Roof Cement mortar 0.35 Reinforced concrete Porous concrete Benzene insulation board Exterior windows Aluminum hollow glass window 2.8 Kang - firewall combined heating simulation Use fluid mechanics simulation software to build kang - firewall combined heating temperature distribution model which is shown in Fig.1.
Acknowledgements This research was supported by National Twelfth Five-Year Science and Technology Plan Project (2012BAJ26B02).
[6] PeiHong Zhang,FuLong Xia, JingYuFu, The heating effect of the numerical simulation and analysis of influencing factors [J], Journal of Shenyang architectural university: natural science, 2009, 25 (2) : 342-346In Chinese.

Calculation of Energy Consumption for Large Generator Cooling System Wei Huang1, a, Ziyu Wu2, 3, b *, Jianhong Guo2, c, Haifeng Wang2, Guobiao Gu2, Changhai Miao1, Yanfei Guo1, Ling Cheng1 1China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China; 2 Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. 3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
The production material comprising: flowing water, industrial water and soft water which through the ion exchanger.
Production material comprising: hydrogen, soft water and industrial water.
Production material only contains industrial water and soft water.
Qing-hua: Journal of Power Engineering, Vol. 29 (2009) No.7, p.645-649

Effect of Carbon doped in BN on thermodynamic properties Jing Ao Ai-ling Ding Chun-mei Li Feng Li Jin Wang Zhi-qian Chena School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing,China aChen_zq@swu.edu.cn Keywords: BN, density functional theory, bulk modulus, thermodynamic properties Abstract: The thermodynamic properties of (B1-xCx)(N1-xCx) (x=0, 0.25, 0.5) are calculated by the ultra-soft pseudo-potentials within local density approximation in frame of density functional theory with virtual crystal approximation and using the quasi-harmonic Debye model.
Thermal properties of materials mainly includes the temperature and pressure effects on some physical quantities, such as heat capacity, bulk modulus and thermal expansion coefficient.
Thus, (B1-xCx)(N1-xCx) with x=0,0.25,0.5 is superhard materials with good structural stability under high temperature,and (B1-xCx)(N1-xCx) with x=0.5 is the best according to Fig.2(a).
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (51171156).
Hasselman: Journal of the American Ceramic Society 75 (1992) 2887

Thermodynamics of iron metallothermy Mihai Ovidiu Cojocaru1, a, Mihai Branzei1, b * Tudor Coman2, c 1 Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, Sector 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania 2 SC QUARK EXE SRL, 121 Rasadnitei Street, Sector 6, 060631 Bucharest, Romania amocojocaru2005@yahoo.co.uk, b*mihai.branzei@upb.ro, cquark1994@yahoo.com Keywords: thermodynamic, metallothermy, iron oxides, thermitic composition.
The heat amount release by the material addition - the thermite steel should be sufficient to produce the rapid melting of the base material in the contact area with this, the further solidifying assuring thus the permanent joining.
Materials and Methods In order to quantifying the effects of iron oxides proportion in the thermitic compositions on the level of the reactions enthalpies namely on the thermal effect of the aluminothermic reduction reactions of iron oxides has been performed by using a specialized software [4,5].
Maximov, Review - Thermite reactions: their utilization in the synthesis and processing of materials, Journal of Materials Science, 28 (1993), pp. 3693-3708

The development and application of OpenSees is sponsored by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center through the Nation Science Foundation engineering and education centers program.
OpenSees has 3 single axis concrete constitutive model, concrete 01 Material (constructing a uniaxial Kent-Scott-Park concrete material object with degraded linear unloading/reloading stiffness), Concrete 02 Material (constructing a uniaxial concrete material object with tensile strength and linear tension softening) and Concrete03 Material (constructing a uniaxial concrete material object with tensile strength and nonlinear tension softening).
Fig 2 shows the uniaxial model for Concrete 02 Material used by this paper.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Key Subjects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period (2008BAE61B05-04).
Introduction and Comparison of Several resentative Confinement Models for Concrete[J] Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University, 2003.(4):121-127.

Fig. 1 The structure Material Model Explosive Model.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grand Nos.50678116 and No.51178310).
Bai: Theoretical Basis and Case Study of LS-DYNA3D (Science Press, Beijing2005), in Chinese
GAO: Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Vol.24 (2007), in Chinese
Wang: Numerical Analysis for Progressive Collapse of a Multi-storey Building Due to an Explosion in Its Basement, Advanced Building Materials, Vol.250-253 (2011)

Figures 3 and 4 show FEA model conditions and stress-strain curves of SUS304 steel material.
Table 2 summarizes the measured material properties.
Isozaki : Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of Architectural Institute of Japan), No.556 (2002), p159
Shin : Key Engineering Materials, Vols.452-453(2011), p.617
Kim : Key Engineering Materials, Vols.452-453(2011), p.613

With the continuous development of industrial technology, high energy beam such as plasma beam and laser beam is widely used in surface cladding and modification of parts made from metals, alloys and composite materials.
Besides, the technology tends to pollute the environment and cause decarburize and burn-lost of alloy elements in material [10].
Test materials and methods Test materials.
China Welding, 2004, 5(13):7-10 [7] Lixia Ying，Liqin Wang，Dezhi Zhang.Journal ofHarbin Institute of Technology(New Series)，Vo1．13，No．3，2006:307-310 [8] Xiangfang Fan, Bin He, Yumei Luo.
Acknowledgements Supported by the Natural science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. 09KJD430012).