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Metal materials are suitable for finishing, with excellent natural color and texture.
They can also be colored by oxidation and electroplating process to increase beauty, or sandblasting, wire drawing and other processes to strengthen texture [1], thus they are widely used as key materials for earphones.
In the other three materials, chloride ions (Cl-) and sulfate ions (SO42-) were detected.
In order to verify the effectiveness of the measures, the prepared materials and untreated aluminum alloy materials were placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.5% (vol), 1.0% (vol) and 1.5% (vol) for 72 hours, and weighed it every 24 hours.
Progress in Natural Science, 30 (2020): 371-381

Multidisciplinary optimization method about the thickness of engine hood based on pedestrian protection YE Hui1, a, HU Ping2,b, CHE Chaojie3,c and LU Fan4,d 1State Key Laboratory of Automobile Dynamic Simulation, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China 2School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China 3College of Material Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022，China 4College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China ayehui@jlu.edu.cn, bpinghu@dlut.edu.cn, cchechaojie@163.com, dlucifer_lu@126.com Keywords: pedestrian protection, engine hood thickness, multidisciplinary optimization, torsion stiffness, HIC value Abstract.
Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2007, 43(8): 142-147.
Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences), 2010, 37(12): 91-96.

Table 1 The mineral of mudstone sample number Mineral composition and content /% cement material and content /% Montmorillonite Illite Chlorite Sio2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 1 20.16 7 11 0.65 0.66 0.37 2 18.5 9 8 0.64 0.56 0.56 Indoor test and analysis The specimens are collected from southwest Nanning , Guangxi, China.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2011GXNSFB018002), The Research Project of Guangxi Education Department (201010LX710) and The Research Project of Guangxi Economic Management Cadre College (10KYA006).
Chinese journal of underground space and engineering, 2006,2(8):1390-1393.
Journal of Guangxi University: Natural Science Edition, 2012, 37(1),147-151.

In a grinding wheel wear cycle, keeping the stability of the material removal rate and the quality of surface is important.
Applied Science and Technology, 2010, 37(10):17-20 (in Chinese)
Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering. 2007,26(9): 1147-1150(in Chinese)
On-Line Feature Recognition of Grinding Wheel Wear Through Vibration [J].Chinese journal of scientific instrument, 2005,26(8):632-633(in Chinese)
[6]DOMAN D A, WARKENTIN A, BAUER R.Finite element modeling approaches in grinding[J].International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2009, 49:109-116

Modeling environmental degradation and economic growth of Henan Province in recent 25 years Shunlei Peng1, a, Nannan Wu2,b and Ganqing Zhao1,c 1 Key Laboratory for ecological restoration in hilly areas, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China 2 College of resource and environment science, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China apengshunlei@126.com, b wunannan198608@163.com, c zgq1118@163.com Keywords: Environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), environmental degradation, economic growth, turning point, Henan province.
Material and method 1.1 Indicators selection and data source Data was got from Henan Statistical Yearbook and bulletin on environment of Henan province during 1985-201 (Table 1).
Journal o f Economics, Vol. 110 (1995), p. 353-377
Journal of Southwest petroleum university (Social sciences edition), Vol. 15 (2013), p. 69-75.

., that makes it very suitable for application in military conditions, such as reconnaissance enemy condition, invasion detection, monitoring enemy’s army deployment, material transformation and the determination of biological attacks, etc.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by Shandong Province Independent Innovation Achievements of Major Projects under grant No. 2011ZHZX1A0406, Shandong Social Science Planning and Management Office (13CJJJ18), Qingdao Social Science Planning and Management Office (QDSKL130158), Pengmin Xu is the corresponding author.
Computer Networks ( Elsevier) Journal, 2002, 38(4) : 393-422
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking. 2005, 5(5):774–788

Design and Fabrication of Volume Holographic Gratings with Large Angular Bandwidth and High Diffraction Efficiency Qibin Feng1,a*, Yusong Guo2,b, Guoqiang Lv2,c 1Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, Academy of Opto-electric Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China country 2School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China afengqibin@hfut.edu.cn, b1247438573@qq.com, cguoqianglv@hfut.edu.cn Keywords: volume holographic grating; diffraction efficiency; angular bandwidth; recording angle.
When a VHG is illuminated by the beams with different wavelengths, the angle should satisfy Bragg condition as expressed by the following equation [14]: (11) Where λread and λrec are the wavelengths of the recording and readout beams, respectively. n1 and n2 are the refractive index of the material when recording and readouting, respectively.
Funding Information Science and Technology Major Project of Anhui Province, China (202304a05020020) References [1] Chenliang Chang, Kiseung Bang, Gordon Wetzstein, Byoungho Lee, and Liang Gao.
“A high-efficiency holographic waveguide display system with a prism in-coupler,” Journal of the Society for Information Display, 21(12): 524-528 (2013)
“A full-color eyewear display using planar waveguides with reflection volume holograms,” Journal of the Society for Information Display, 17(3): 185-193 (2009)

Introduction With the development of science and technology, freeform surface has been the most complex and the most common surfaces in engineering.
According to high-speed machining request to tool path, of high-speed finishing, if we want to maintain a constant material removal and good cutting load management, we need to build a real tool path generation method based on constant scallop height.
Acknowledgment The study was supported by Science and Technology Development Plan of Shandong Province (No. 2009GG10004027).
[5] Wu Haibao, Luo Ming, Zhang Ying, Li Shan and Zhang Dinghua, “Aadances in tool path planning techiques for 5-axis machining of sclptured surface,” Chinese Journal of Machanical Engineering, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 9-18, October 2008
[7] Xu Jinting, Liu Weijun and Sun Yuwen, “Algorithm for freeform surface matching based on curvatures,” Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 193-197, February 2007

Kaewkulchai and Williamson studied the dynamic response in the process of collapse, they considered the effects of material nonlinear and geometry nonlinear.
Acknowledgments This work is supported by Bureau of Science and Technology of Shenyang under grant F14-186-1-00.
Fire Safety Journal, 2013, 56, p. 170 [2] Alashker Yasser, Li Honghao, El-Tawil Sherif.
Mitigating risk from abnormal loads and progressive collapse, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 2006, 20 (4), p. 315 [4] Liu Yongjun, Yao Bin, Chen Changkun.Several key issues of performance-based fire resistant design method [J].
Fire Science and Technology, 2003, 22(6), p. 473 (In Chinese) [5] El-Tawil Sherif, Li Honghao, Kunnath Sashi.

Numerical Simulation and Structure Optimization of the Main-Control Reversing Valve of Electrical-Hydraulic Hammer Shiwen DU a Yongtang LIb School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024,China a tykddsw@126.com , bliyongtang@tyust.edu.cn Keywords: numerical simulation Hydro-finite element CFD Electrical-hydraulic hammer Abstract: Based on viscosity hydrodynamics and hydro-finite element theory, flow field of the main-control reversing valve of electrical-hydraulic hammer was simulated.
Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology.
Measurement on Pressure Distribution of Non-Circular Opening Spool Valve, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering.