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Thus, Namba and Tsuwa [3] gave an explanation that the reason for the atoms to be removed from the surface of sapphire material in ultra-fine finishing process was supposed to be the outcome of bombardment of the slurry’s glue feather SiO2.
Experimental equipment and experimental procedures The study uses PM-5 polishing machine of Logitech Company owned by Precision Manufacturing Laboratory of National Taiwan University of Science and Technology.
The sapphire wafer material used in the experiments is provided by Crystalwise Technology Inc.
Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the support from National Science Council, Taiwan.
Jerry, Polishing of sapphire with colloidal silica, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 125 (1) (1978) 136-138

On Antireflective Coatings with Stable Hydrophobicity for Solar Tube Wenwen Doua, Yuchao Niub, Xiangju Liuc, Xiaoli Wangd, Yong Xue, School of Materiel Science and Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Fengming Road , Lingang Development Zone, Jinan, China 250101 aWensister2013@126.com, bniuyuchao@sdjzu.edu.cn, cliuxiangju124@163.com, d857206119@qq.com, exuyong2612@gmail.com Keywords: Hydrophobic antireflective coatings; Solar tube; HMDS; UV-resistant; Low temperature Abstract：Antireflective coatings with stable hydrophobicity for solar tube were prepared via sol-gel method and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) treatment.
(1) np represents the refractive index of the porous material, ns represents the refractive index of a solid material and p refers to the porosity of the porous material.
Maitra: World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 73 (2011), P. 308-312 [14] U.
Bernaola-Galvan: SOL ENERG MAT SOL C Vol. 92 (2008), P. 323-331 [16] Wenwen Dou, Yuchao Niu and Xiangju Liu: submitted to Journal of sol-gel science and technology (2013) [17] Henryk Matusiewicz and Ewa Stanisz: MICROCHEM J Vol. 86: (2007), P. 9-16

The stages in obtaining the data are the following: a). problem identification and literature study related to the topic or issue to be explored through various books, thesis, final projects, journals, literature, regulations and other reading materials that can be used as the basis of literature review and the theoretical basis used in the research. b). primary data; data and information obtained through direct observation and measurement in the field.
No Name of Area Daily Drinking Water Need No Name of Area Daily Drinking Water Need [L/s] [L/s] 1 Faculty of Biology 0.020 21 Vocational School (Faculty of Economics & Business) 0.061 2 Faculty of Economy and Business 0.080 22 Kinanthi Boarding House 0.007 3 Faculty of Pharmacy 0.027 23 Bulaksumur Dormitory 0.007 4 Faculty of Philosophy 0.014 24 Head Office Administration (KPTU) 0.013 5 Faculty of Geography 0.028 25 Library 0.015 6 Faculty of Law 0.063 26 Graha Sabha Permana Building 0.010 7 Faculty of Cultural Sciences 0.054 27 Integrated Research and Testing Laboratories (LPPT) 0.001 8 Faculty of Social and Political Sciences 0.064 28 GMC Health Centre 0.001 9 Faculty of Medicine 0.101 29 Master of Public Administration 0.001 10 Faculty of Dentistry 0.032 30 University Students’ Arena 0.002 11 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 0.022 31 Directorate of System and Information Resources (DSSDI) 0.002 12 Faculty of Forestry 0.027 32 Cultural Centre of Koesnadi Hardjasoemantri (PKKH) 0.004
13 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences 0.075 33 DAA 0.001 14 Faculty of Agriculture 0.049 34 University Club (UC) 0.008 15 Faculty of Farms 0.024 35 UPK 0.004 16 Faculty of Psychology 0.031 36 UGM Campus Mosque 0.005 17 Faculty of Engineering 0.143 37 Wisdom Park 0.0002 18 Faculty of Agricultural Technology 0.031 38 Food Park 0.004 19 Graduate School 0.023 39 UGM Sport Centre 0.001 20 Vocational School 0.060 The Total Water Need: 1.114 Types of Pipes at UGM Campus SPAM.
The pipes used in Campus DWSS distribution system are the High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) pipes which are high quality and density material.

The tool is a ball-end milling with four cutters and its material is carbide.
The material of work-piece is 2A70(aluminum alloy).
In Figure 4, the corresponding spindle speed of the ideal stability lobe was n = 17000rpm.Here we could get the maximum chatter- -free material removal rate.
Budak, Machining science and technology, 11 (2007) 287
Erturk, H.N.Ozguven, and E.Budak, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, 49 (2009) 25

Highly Efficient Switching Operation of 1.2 kV-Class SiC SWITCH-MOS Masakazu Okada1,a*, Teruaki Kumazawa2,b, Yusuke Kobayashi1,c, Masakazu Baba1,d and Shinsuke Harada1,e 1National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan 2Toyota Motor Co., 543 Kirigahora, Nishihirose, Toyota, Aichi 470-0309, Japan amasakazu-okada@aist.go.jp, bteruaki_kumazawa@mail.toyota.co.jp, cyusuke-kobayashi@aist.go.jp, dmasakazu-baba@aist.go.jp, es-harada@aist.go.jp Keywords: MOSFET, SWITCH-MOS, dynamic characteristics, switching losses, short circuit,　unclamped inductive switching.
Kimura, “1200 V SiC IE-UMOSFET with low on-resistance and high threshold voltage,” Materials Science Forum, Vol. 897, pp. 497–500, 2017
Hallin, “Structure of recombination-induced stacking faults in high-voltage SiC p-n junction,” Material Science Forum, Vol. 433, pp. 901, 2002
Iwamuro, “First demonstration of short-circuit capability for a 1.2 kV SiC SWITCH-MOS,” IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society, Vol. 7, pp. 613–620, 2019

Cutoff Wall Construction Effect of Groundwater Dynamic in the Lower Area of Dagu River Zhao Quan-sheng1,a, Feng Juan1,b, Guo Xin1 , Xu Ying1, Zhang Jian-wei2 1Department of Environmental Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; 2Qingdao Geo-Engineering Investigation Institute, Qingdao 266071, China aemail: zqs0811@sina.com bemail:qdufengjuan@126.com Keywords: Dagu River; groundwater dynamic; cutoff wall; water quality Abstract.In order to understand after construction cut-off wall of Dagu River downstream the influence of underground water level, and the water quality, on the basis of field investigation, observation and data collection, we use theory, mathematical statistics method, have a depth analysis on the shallow groundwater levels, water quality, temporal and spatial variation.
At present, people often focus on the cutoff wall construction demonstration before, location, material etc, the cutoff wall construction after the completion of the groundwater dynamic change and its ecological effect with less attention. 1.Materials and methods 1.1 The general situation of research area Dagu River basin is located in the west of Jiaodong peninsula, the main tributaries are Xiaogu river, Wugu river, Zhu river, Haoliu river et al.
Acknowledgement Thanks for the Science foundation of Shandong province “Research on the submarine groundwater discharge to Jiaozhou Bay”（ZR2011DM001） and public science and technology support program of Qingdao city “Research on the excretion of submarine groundwater discharge to Jiaozhou Bay”（11-2-3-64-nsh）.
Journal of Hydrology, 2009, 377(3-4):227-236.DeleteEdit [10] YI Zesheng.

Observed through microscope, most metal material is composed of many small grains.
Honeycombe, in: Steels: Microstructure & Properties (Metallurgy & materials science), edited by Edward Arnold (July 2000)
Journal of East China University of Science and Technology, Vol. 26(2000), No. 2, p. 188-189, 211
[5] Yu Degang, Tan Yuxu, in: Structure Strength of Steel—Structure and Obdurability, edited by Shanghai Science and Technology Pub, Shanghai (1983)

Because the material of the bit is 20Ni4Mo, 20CrNiMo, etc., and the material of the tooth is tungsten carbide and even diamond carbide, upon high cyclic impact force, the tooth-hole is more easily failure due to fatigue.
Table 2 shows that when the shrink range is 0.08 mm, the maximum Von Mises Stress is closed to the yield strength (1420 MPa) of the bit material.
Acknowledgments The authors thank the China National Science Foundation of China funding this research under contract 50874096.
[3] Wang Guorong, Zhu Haiyan, Liu Qingyou and He Chao: Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Nature Science Edition), 3(2010), p. 16–19.

These barriers are composed by reactive materials that once in contact with the contaminated water plume, can degrade, adsorb or precipitate the targeted contaminants [5].
Due to the evolution of biotechnology, biologic materials are being successfully used in these PRBs forming permeable reactive biobarriers.
Materials and Methods Soil preparation The soil selected for this work was the clay mineral kaolin.
Latostenmaab, Electrokinetic soil remediation - critical overview, The Science of the Total Environment 289 97-121
Bricka, Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of high sorption capacity soil, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 55 (1997) 203-220.

Materials and Methodology Properties of materials.
The physical and chemical properties of the materials used to make SCC is described below.
Therefore, SCC requires a good mix-design process that incorporates various materials.
Ala-Aldhen, Mechanical characteristics of recycled concrete aggregates as backfill material, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research. 11 (2016)
Karatas, Abrasion resistance and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete with different dosages of fly ash/silica fume, Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences. 18 (2011) 49–60