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Therefore, a reduction in the testing time is very significant.
Therefore, a reduction in the testing time is very significant.
(a) 2-D drawing data of a wave spring (t=0.5 mm) (b) 3-D schematic drawing data of a wave spring (c) etched sheet metal plate (d) Ejected spring Figure 1 Etched sheet metal plate.
Fig. 1(a) presents representative 2-D drawing data, for which a wave type of spring was proposed to effectively disperse the stress.
Fig. 1(b) depicts the 3-D drawing data.

Prospects for the Use of ANN for the Measurement of LM Microelements The principal advantages arising from the use of ANNs, along with the impedance method, are the following: -the adaptive structure of the INS, which receives information, learns and captures useful links in the complex interaction of input and output information; -the ability to summarize and process incomplete or noisy data on the results of measuring the components of the impedance of the LM samples.
In general, the advantages of the impedance method are automatic registration and processing of results, reduction of research time, simple preparation of samples for research, reduction of working time and materials, documenting measurement results, etc.
Based on the capabilities of the developed analyzer, the following method can be proposed for measuring the components of the impedance of an LM sample: - submission of a constant voltage of a given magnitude to a sample of a LM; - measurement of the voltage level on the sample after passing a direct electric current through it; - measurement of the level of direct current after passing through the sample; - submission to the sample alternating current voltage of known frequency; - measurement of the level of alternating voltage on the sample after passing through it an alternating electric current; - measurement of the level of alternating current after passing through the sample; - processing of measured data and calculation of unknown values.
The reduction in the active state with the help of PPA S3, which connects VS2 to the OS and repeats the whole process in the same way as described in claim 1, except that the AC voltage signal first passes through the RB. 2.2.
It is necessary to highlight the important properties of the device software: the ability to simultaneously measure and analyze the results obtained earlier; process data using a large number of models and techniques; set parameters and calibration dependencies for each LM sample; the possibility of increasing the performance of the device; ensuring the task of compatibility and data exchange with other software.

However, there were not clear way quantifying the reduction of strength of perforated shearwalls except for the AIJ recommendation which consider only the opening area to wall area ratio.
And numerical data was calculated according to the compression and tensile test of concrete cylinder which were shown in Fig.1.
Steel reinforcement also model using the tensile test data.
Because we carried out the analysis in monotonic increase of displacement and tested data of concrete and steel reinforcement, analyzed capacity was slightly higher than tested capacity of specimens.
[4] Chang-Sik Choi et al, Shear Strength Reduction Ratrio of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls with Openings, Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 451~460, August,( 2010) [5] Paulay, T.

I.Introduction Urbanization profoundly changing the natural landscape of a region, The change in the pattern of urban space undoubtedly have an impact on the natural, ecological, social and economic processes of the city and the surrounding area, Therefore, Necessary for quantitative analysis of urban spatial pattern and change, In order to better understand the process of urbanization and its ecological and socio-economic consequences, Because this study used only three periods of remote sensing data (2004, 2007, and 2010).
II.Study area and research data This study selected Zhengzhou City - the city is located in east longitude 112 ° 42 `to 114 ° 14`, Between latitude 34 ° 16 `~ 34 ° 58`.
ENVI software support to use TM1 ~ 7 multi-band multi-spectral remote sensing image (August 30, 2004, May 19, 2007, June 28, 2010, Zhengzhou City, TM1 ~ 7 multi-band image data.)
The main features of the following aspects:(1) The 6a During 2004 to 2010, Zhengzhou City, the urbanization has led to rural settlements, Increase in city residents point land, A significant reduction in the agricultural land and forest land.(2) Zhengzhou City, the urban land increased significantly, As can be seen from the classification results of the statistical, From 2004 to 2010, Zhengzhou City, the urban land use increased nearly doubled, Mainly occupied around the farming and rural land (other sites).(3) The waters are also showing a significant decreasing trend, Especially the waters of the northwest reduce fastest.(4) Drastic reduction of forest land area in Zhengzhou City, Forest land area in 2010 accounted for only 46.29% in 2004.

In the implementation plan announced by the Guangdong Government [6] the target of 19.5% carbon intensity reduction by 2015 with respect to the 2010 level was announced, which is 2.5% higher than the national carbon intensity reduction target.
Therefore, the application of CCS is necessary in order to achieve large-scale emission reductions while using fossil-fuel energy.
Also CCS has the potential of being enployed in industrial sectors (e.g. cement, petrochemical, steel) to achieve significant reduction in CO2 emissions.
However, past data shows that the amount of CO2 which can be utilized is only a small fraction (~0.5%) of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions [2], and some utilizations can only delay but not reduce the CO2 emisssions.
The 12th Five-year Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Strategy Research.

The first gear is the Level 3 reduction.
The second gear also is the Level 3 reduction.
The third gear is the Level 2 reduction.
So the fourth gear is the Level 1 reduction.
Then put the data calculated into the 3,4,6,7 and 9gear respectively, can get =1.91022,=1.38229,=0.80724,=0.69698,=0.47889.

In order to determine the reduction in tube diameter 2d, the circumferential bending moment distribution (mq) is essential.
Once known, the related curvature can be derived, using the second moment-area theorem [16] to find an approximate solution for the reduction in diameter.
Figure 3 (left) shows the maximum reduction in tube diameter (DD) vs. curvature (1/R).
The data set was used to produce Fig. 3 (right), showing the reduction in diameter (DD/D) versus D4/(t2R2).
Fig. 3 (left): Comparison of maximum reduction in diameter (DD) versus curvature (1/R) based on Eq. (13) and reported experiments [8]; (right): Maximum reduction in diameter based on Eq. (13) compared with reported experiments [8].

After quantification and reduction of the diagnosis decision table, the simplified decision table served as the learning samples of AFSA-RBF neural network, and the well-trained neural network was then applied to diagnose stream turbine vibration faults.
After quantification and attribution reduction, we get a simplified decision table as shown in Table According to Tab.1, the architecture of AFSA-RBF neural networks may be defined as 5-5-10, that is, the node-number in input layer is 5 corresponding to 5 characteristics variables, and the one in hidden layer is 5, and the one in export layer is 10 corresponding to 10 fault types.
Let the samples in Tab.1 serve as training data of the networks.
Test data Test data 0.15 0.80 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.30 0.10 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.56 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.60 0.10 0.00 0.00 Table 3.

True stress-true strain data of AM maraging steel in AB and HT conditions have been analysed using Hollomon, Ludwik, Swift, Ludwigson and Voce plastic flow relationships.
True stress–log true plastic strain data fitted using various flow relationships for: (a) 0o as built (AB) sample and (b) 0o heat treated (HT) sample.
The fatigue life data of different samples have been shown in Table 2.
In addition, after heat treatment, the majority of AM samples exhibited an increase in strength without a significant reduction in ductility.
Post heat treatment was found to be very effective to improve fatigue life in all samples and major enhancement in fatigue life was observed due to formation of precipitates and reduction in size and number of defects.

Thus, the data records from a full scale building demonstrator set-up in the framework of PROMETHE program are used.
This difference can also be explained by the absence of the solar radiation data in the exterior boundary conditions.
In fact, during the first half of monitoring the measured relative humidity data are much higher than the calculated data.
While in situ data record a maximum value of 90% relative humidity, WUFI data of the relative humidity at this position hardly reaches 83%.
During the second half of monitoring the calculated and measured data are closer to each other.