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The principles of the microwave resonator were analyzed theoretically and the structure of the resonator was designed.
(6) (7) Experiments Fig. 1 shows the structure of microwave resonator for the moisture instrument.
Fig. 1 Structure of microwave resonator Considering the structure of the moisture instrument, we set different lengths of the sides , , and to test the resonant modes, and , , are chosen in the range of 25-45cm, 25-40cm and 30-45cm respectively, so the quantity of resonant modes and resonant frequency can be calculated, as shown in Table. 1.
References [1] O Johnm, IEEE Trans, on Microwave and Techniques Vol. 32 (1984), p. 1200 [2] P Yang, Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol. 43 (2007), p. 229 [3] S Paloscia, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Vol. 26 (2001), p. 377 [4]C V Kandala,Transactions of The American Society of Agricultural Engineers Vol. 48 (2005), p. 715 [5] Y Zhang and S Okamura, IEEE Trans,on Instrumentation and Measurement Vol. 48 (1999), p. 1208

Effects of chemical structure on their apatite-forming ability was also investigated.
It is known that low methoxyl pectin make a hydrogel by forming so-called egg-box structure in which polymer chain of pectin is layered via cross-linkage by Ca2+ ions, independent of pH.
Large amount of carboxyl group in pectic acid makes tight cross-linking with Ca2+ via formation of egg-box structure, leading to suppress Ca2+ release from the gels.
Jónsson, in: Theoretical Methods in Condencsed Phase Chemistry, edited by S.D.
Schwartz, volume 5 of Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, chapter, 10, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)

In their work the method of hybrid physical chemistry vapour deposition of MgB2 film(HPCVD) has been investigated.
Experimental installation The experimental installation we used was shown in figure 1, the physical chemistry vapour double heater system.
The preparation of Multilayer Film and the Result 1.The growth of medium film The significative multilayer structures was the multiple layer of superconducting film isolated by barrier potential film or insulation film.
The SEM cross-section photo of MgB2-B-MgB2 structure Figure 6 was the cross-section SEM of the multiple layer superconducting MgB2 film, it was the substrate layer-first MgB2 layer-B medium layer-second MgB2 layer bottom to up.
We got MgB2-B-MgB2 superconducting multiple layer successfully, the square resistance of the boron insulation layer was higher than 20MW, the onset transition temperature of both the first and second superconducting layer was about 38K, the zero-resistance temperature was 37K. we can expect appearance of Josephson junction with MgB2-B-MgB2 structure as the preparation thchnique optimizing further.

However, direct measurement of UV absorbance has its limitation where this method is only applicable for surfactant that consists only azo and chromophore structure.
Surfactant-dye interaction has widely explored by researchers on application such as dyeing process, analytical chemistry, biochemistry and photosensitization [8, 9].
The chemical structure for RO16 and PBE is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
This figure clearly indicates several peaks which related to certain structure.
Chignell: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry Vol. 110 (1997), p. 67

PANI displays a typically cauliflower-like or tumor-like structure (Fig. 3b).
And PANI/ASPB displays a regular rod-like or ellipsoid-like structure (Fig. 3c) and the particle size is much less than that of PANI (Fig. 3b).
Polyaniline, a novel conducting polymer: morphology and chemistry of its oxidation and reduction in aqueous electrolytes [J].
Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transaction1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases, 1986, 82:2385-2400
The influence on structure and electric conductivity of polyaniline doped with different types of acids.

In aluminium reduction cell, the state is varied by interrupt of cycle manual operation process such as aluminum discharging, changing anode, processing boundary part, besides complex interactions of electric, magnet, heat, flow field and complicated physical chemistry and electrochemical reactions, time-varying characteristic is showed by accumulation of inaccessible control errors, this is the part of control system in complex process [1-2].
Fig. 1 The schematic diagram of aluminum reduction cell thermal balanced intelligent control system Because aluminum electrolysis has a strongly nonlinear process, time-varying, strong coupling, the characteristics of large time delay, but also the cycle of manual work processes of interference and control error is difficult to detect them showing the accumulation of complex time-varying characteristics; is a natural variable structure systems.
Variable structure system, sliding mode motion is invariant, that is, the system perturbation is independent on outside interference, Therefore, sliding mode control is very suitable for applications in the field in the aluminum, and aluminum electrolytic tank temperature control is a specific application area, so the application of temperature control system with sliding mode control obvious advantage.
Therefore, it can be repetitive control combined with variable structure control method, so that the two algorithms combined with each other strengths.
References [1]JAMES W E:JOM,Vol.59(2007),P.30 [2]JAMES W E, HALVOR K:JOM,Vol.60(2008),P.25 [3]CILIANU M,PANAIT N:UPB Scientific Bulletin :Chemistry and Materials Science,Vol.65(2003),P.63 [4] Hu ZHAO, Yu LIU, Xiuming YAO, etc.

For its application in various fields of science, in particular medicine, an important task is to ensure the characteristics of the structure with the desired properties.
This is due to the fact that, from the broadening of the peak, we determine the average size of the coherent scattering region (a region with a crystal lattice with a fairly regular structure, where the lattice is close to ideal).
The real average size of a crystallite or nanoparticle is always larger than the average size of the coherent scattering region, since near the boundary the crystallite or nanoparticle has an amorphous structure.
Kolanthai and et al., Agarose encapsulated mesoporous carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites powder for drug delivery, Journal of Photo-chemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 166 (2017) 220-231
Aboul-Enein, X-ray diffraction: in-strumentation and applications, Critical reviews in analytical chemistry. 45 (4) (2015) 289-299.

Wet chemistry selection and process optimization are both critical.
The requirements for wet chemistry include an effective removal of PER from high and low aspect ratio (AR) dual damascene features, effective strip of the TiN HM, and compatibility with low-k, Cu and other related materials.
Different wet chemicals were chosen based on chemical composition and physical properties (MSDS) to evaluate their ability to clean post-etch residue and remove TiN HM without structure damage and material losses.
The EELS analyses were used for characterization of residue formed inside of dense small diameter via/trench array structures.
A two-step process has been developed for removing both post-etch residues and a titanium nitride hard mask from Cu/Low-k DD structures.

Introduction QP steels and other AHSS often possess a relatively rich steel chemistry, which leads to very high hardness and low cross-tension joint strength following welding [1].
QP stainless steel chemistries and mechanical properties.
This was explained to be due to strain induced transforming ahead of the crack, leading to break up of the martensite structure into finer packets.
Marashi, Critical review of automotive steels spot welding: Process, structure, and properties, Sci.
Hu, Effect of retained austenite on impact toughness and fracture behaviour of medium carbon submicron-structured bainitic steel, J.

Ki anovi 3 1Institute of Technical Sciences of the SASA, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro 2Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro 3 Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Keywords: Dehydration, DSC, Hydrogels, Poly(acrylic acid), TG ABSTRACT Samples of super-absorbing hydrogels based on cross-linked poly(acrylic acid), having different cross-linking degrees, were synthesized using a procedure of simultaneous polymerization and cross-linking.
INTRODUCTION A gel can be described as a cross-linked material that retains a large amount of solvent inside its structure.
They are three-dimensional cross-linked polymeric structures that are able to swell in an aqueous environment.
Although, the relationship between the degree of swelling and the cross-link density was well established [5], there have been no systematic investigations concerning the influence of the hydrogel structure and the degree of cross-linking on the swelling and dehydration of hydrogels.
This paper investigates the influence of the hydrogel structure, i.e. the degree of crosslinking on the dehydration behavior of the investigated superabsorbing (SAP) cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) hydrogels. 2.