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Online since: June 2022
Authors: Anatoly P. Surzhikov, Elena Nikolaevna Lysenko, Oldrih Stary
This is evidenced by the data on X-ray diffractometry of sintered and cooled ferrites (Fig. 3).
From these data, the effective magnetic anisotropy constant, Keff, were calculated in the temperature range 125-450 K.
The content of ferrous iron ions in the samples was estimated using the XRD analysis data and the crystal lattice parameter for the samples cooled at different rates.
Taking into account the large approximations in the calculations (the lattice parameter of pure magnetite is taken, possible lattice distortions are not taken into account, etc.), the agreement of the calculation with the data on the oxygen nonstoichiometry of quenched samples can be considered satisfactory.
This is evidenced by the data in Fig. 5, which shows the distributions of the activation energy of electrical conductivity over the depth of the sintered samples.
From these data, the effective magnetic anisotropy constant, Keff, were calculated in the temperature range 125-450 K.
The content of ferrous iron ions in the samples was estimated using the XRD analysis data and the crystal lattice parameter for the samples cooled at different rates.
Taking into account the large approximations in the calculations (the lattice parameter of pure magnetite is taken, possible lattice distortions are not taken into account, etc.), the agreement of the calculation with the data on the oxygen nonstoichiometry of quenched samples can be considered satisfactory.
This is evidenced by the data in Fig. 5, which shows the distributions of the activation energy of electrical conductivity over the depth of the sintered samples.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Gerhard Hirt, Michele Vidoni, Arne Mendel
The correct centering of the cast profile on the rolling profile and a uniform reduction across the strip width are necessary to avoid flatness problems.
The work-rolls to be used for the rolling operation need to be designed for a specific reduction and product thickness.
In the present study, in order to limit the measurement error, the temperature data acquired with pyrometers and thermocamera has been specifically calibrated using a conductively heated as-cast strip to determine the emissivity of the specific steel alloy and surface condition.
The numerical model was fitted to the experimental data obtained from four profile casting experiments.
For the selective coating the experimental data lead to a heat transfer coefficient of αcast = 6.30 kW/m2K.
The work-rolls to be used for the rolling operation need to be designed for a specific reduction and product thickness.
In the present study, in order to limit the measurement error, the temperature data acquired with pyrometers and thermocamera has been specifically calibrated using a conductively heated as-cast strip to determine the emissivity of the specific steel alloy and surface condition.
The numerical model was fitted to the experimental data obtained from four profile casting experiments.
For the selective coating the experimental data lead to a heat transfer coefficient of αcast = 6.30 kW/m2K.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Zhi Xiong Di, Jiang Yi Shi, Kun Chen, Kang Li
The types of stored data
The network processor is a network system used to store and forward IP packets.
Firstly, the network processor stores the received data, then do some relevant process.
The more the storage of packet buffers is, the better it can absorb the fluctuation of data, causing longer delay in data transmission at the same time.
When the data fluctuation exceeds the utmost of absorption of packet buffers in network processor, the data will be lost.
Meanwhile, the second long word describes the transmission port, data information and marker information.
Firstly, the network processor stores the received data, then do some relevant process.
The more the storage of packet buffers is, the better it can absorb the fluctuation of data, causing longer delay in data transmission at the same time.
When the data fluctuation exceeds the utmost of absorption of packet buffers in network processor, the data will be lost.
Meanwhile, the second long word describes the transmission port, data information and marker information.
Online since: November 2014
Authors: Li Jia Zhang, Bo Liu, Qi Zhang, Yong Jun Wang, Qing Hua Tian, Xiang Jun Xin, Xiao Li Yin, Yue Qi Shi
In this paper, data streams at different rates are oversampling with different R in the Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), so that the tal bit stream rate of all the scenes is equal to the maximum data rate of the bit stream.
First of all, the user data get into the constellation mapping module, then add a pilot.
IFFT module makes subcarriers orthogonal to each other, and exports the parallel data.
Finally, the cyclic prefix and cyclic postfix are added up to reduce inter symbol interference (ISI), where the ratio of cyclic prefix and OFDM data is14.
The simulation result of the real-time system transmitter in the Xilinx ISE software is shown in Fig.4, where the data_output is the OFDM signal.
First of all, the user data get into the constellation mapping module, then add a pilot.
IFFT module makes subcarriers orthogonal to each other, and exports the parallel data.
Finally, the cyclic prefix and cyclic postfix are added up to reduce inter symbol interference (ISI), where the ratio of cyclic prefix and OFDM data is14.
The simulation result of the real-time system transmitter in the Xilinx ISE software is shown in Fig.4, where the data_output is the OFDM signal.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Sheng Ming Tan, Bin Chen, Kenneth Charles Williams, Mark Glynne Jones
Hence these technologies have the potential to extend the conveying capability of a pneumatic conveying system to a broader range of materials, also provide better performance in reduction in pipe wear and product degradation.
Bypass Pneumatic Conveying Systems Experimental Set-Up and Procedures A 6.5m long bypass pneumatic conveying test rig was set up to obtain experimental data for conveying flyash in the University of Newcastle.
This will lead to a reduction in pressure upstream of the slug.
These technologies have the potential to lower the conveying velocity for dense phase capable materials and therefore provide better performance in reduction in pipe wear and product degradation.
Bypass Pneumatic Conveying Systems Experimental Set-Up and Procedures A 6.5m long bypass pneumatic conveying test rig was set up to obtain experimental data for conveying flyash in the University of Newcastle.
This will lead to a reduction in pressure upstream of the slug.
These technologies have the potential to lower the conveying velocity for dense phase capable materials and therefore provide better performance in reduction in pipe wear and product degradation.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: S.I. Stepanov, Yu.N. Loginov, E.V. Khanykova
The calculations of stress values, area reduction and mean stress were performed.
Law, which describes the correlation between strain e and reduction area e%, was employed in order to determine strengthening through the strain.
The height of the cell was adopted to H0 = R+d/2, thus reduction rate was uу/H0.
Practical Significance The obtained data allowed for setting the arrangement of unit cells and describing the stress-state for them.
Law, which describes the correlation between strain e and reduction area e%, was employed in order to determine strengthening through the strain.
The height of the cell was adopted to H0 = R+d/2, thus reduction rate was uу/H0.
Practical Significance The obtained data allowed for setting the arrangement of unit cells and describing the stress-state for them.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: A. Rashid A. Aziz, Isa Mohd Tan, Mohammed Yahaya Khan, Z.A. Abdul Karim
Water in diesel emulsion droplet was suspended on a thermocouple above the hot plate and the evolution of micro explosion was recorded with a high speed camera synchronized with temperature data logger.
Introduction Water in diesel emulsion (WiDE), when used as fuel in diesel engine results in NOX reduction supplemented with a large reduction of PM and soot emission [1].
The micro explosion phenomenon was studied by capturing series of images of the event and by data logging the corresponding temperatures.
PC for data acquisition and Image processing.
Introduction Water in diesel emulsion (WiDE), when used as fuel in diesel engine results in NOX reduction supplemented with a large reduction of PM and soot emission [1].
The micro explosion phenomenon was studied by capturing series of images of the event and by data logging the corresponding temperatures.
PC for data acquisition and Image processing.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Jing Jing Zhao, Ji Xiang Sun, Lei Hu, Shi Lin Zhou
The intelligent inspection system often takes traditional imaging process of data acquisition followed by compression, which leads to the waste of image data and memory resources.
The compressed sensing principle provides the foundation of obvious reduction of sampling rates and computation complexity in digital data acquisitions, it has stirred great excitements both in academia and industries, the compressive imaging is also proposed and developed in the past few years [3,4].
Compressed Sensing Theory Compressed sensing is a new technique for simultaneous data sampling and compression, which enables us to stably reconstruct an image of the scene from fewer measurements than the number of reconstructed pixels.
As usually done in literature, we use high resolution images of transmission equipment to simulate the effects if the data were fully acquired.
The authors thank the Electric Power Authority of Shaoxing for providing the image data.
The compressed sensing principle provides the foundation of obvious reduction of sampling rates and computation complexity in digital data acquisitions, it has stirred great excitements both in academia and industries, the compressive imaging is also proposed and developed in the past few years [3,4].
Compressed Sensing Theory Compressed sensing is a new technique for simultaneous data sampling and compression, which enables us to stably reconstruct an image of the scene from fewer measurements than the number of reconstructed pixels.
As usually done in literature, we use high resolution images of transmission equipment to simulate the effects if the data were fully acquired.
The authors thank the Electric Power Authority of Shaoxing for providing the image data.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Hsin Yi Lee, Ya Chin Kang, Yu Ping Chen, Tzu Chiang Huang, Wei Jia Lai, Yi Ti Tung, Tzu Yi Pai
Biomass Energy in Taiwan
Yi-Ti Tung1,2, Tzu-Yi Pai3,a,*, Ya-Chin Kang4, Yu-Ping Chen5,6,
Tzu-Chiang Huang5,7, Wei-Jia Lai5, Hsin-Yi Lee3
1 School of Medical Sociology and Social Work, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
2 Research Consultant, Social Service Section, Chung Shan University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
3 Master Program of Environmental Education and Management, Department of Science Application and Dissemination, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 40306, Taiwan
4 Department of Labor Relation, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan
5 Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufeng, Taichung, 41349, Taiwan
6 Tsau-Hu Elementary School, Dali, Taichung, 41263, Taiwan
7 Chongu-Guang Elementary School, Dali, Taichung, 41245, Taiwan
a,* bai@ms6.hinet.net (Corresponding e-mail)
Keywords: Analytic hierarchy process, Environmental social groups, Biomass energy, Carbon reduction
The data was analyzed by average means and standard deviations, and 16 items with the top 16 average weights were selected as the criteria to complete the hierarchy structure of policy for promoting biomass energy, as shown in Fig. 1.
Table 2 Relative weights and global weights of 16 sub-criteria Major criteria Sub-criteria Relative weight Order Global weight Order Policy criterion layer Supply and consumption method of low-carbon and low-pollution energy 0.347 2 0.208 2 Government-specified biomass industry development schedule 0.051 4 0.030 10 Active development of green energy industry by government 0.416 1 0.250 1 Increase of percentage of power generation from renewable energy in total power supply 0.186 3 0.112 3 Economy criterion layer Provide subsidy for manufacturers who are willing to develop and introduce new technology 0.355 1 0.047 6 Government-guaranteed purchasing price 0.176 3 0.023 12 Taxation reduction, exemption or preference 0.308 2 0.041 8 Provide subsidy for biomass entrepreneurs 0.161 4 0.021 13 Technical criterion layer Encourage manufacturers to develop new biomass power generation technology 0.361 1 0.066 4 Gain the co-operation between domestic manufacturers and international cooperation
The data was analyzed by average means and standard deviations, and 16 items with the top 16 average weights were selected as the criteria to complete the hierarchy structure of policy for promoting biomass energy, as shown in Fig. 1.
Table 2 Relative weights and global weights of 16 sub-criteria Major criteria Sub-criteria Relative weight Order Global weight Order Policy criterion layer Supply and consumption method of low-carbon and low-pollution energy 0.347 2 0.208 2 Government-specified biomass industry development schedule 0.051 4 0.030 10 Active development of green energy industry by government 0.416 1 0.250 1 Increase of percentage of power generation from renewable energy in total power supply 0.186 3 0.112 3 Economy criterion layer Provide subsidy for manufacturers who are willing to develop and introduce new technology 0.355 1 0.047 6 Government-guaranteed purchasing price 0.176 3 0.023 12 Taxation reduction, exemption or preference 0.308 2 0.041 8 Provide subsidy for biomass entrepreneurs 0.161 4 0.021 13 Technical criterion layer Encourage manufacturers to develop new biomass power generation technology 0.361 1 0.066 4 Gain the co-operation between domestic manufacturers and international cooperation
Online since: March 2014
Authors: Juan Hong, Wei Chen, Song Pin Wu
After acquired the flow field data which is obtained by using Large Eddy Simulation, hybrid method that couples numerical flow computations with an implementation of the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equation is used to capture the flow induced noise.
In this article, we also discussed the reduction method of cavity noise.
One feasible solution to this problem is that we do numerical simulation in the near field, while we predict the far field noise by integration of flow field data.
The results agree with the experimental data available.
In this article, we also discussed the reduction method of cavity noise.
One feasible solution to this problem is that we do numerical simulation in the near field, while we predict the far field noise by integration of flow field data.
The results agree with the experimental data available.