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The percentage of porosity and hardness value also increased with reduction in carbon particle size.
Waste Reduction Group Environmental Protection Department reported that about 83,000 tonnes of glass waste generated and from this only 3% was recovered [1].
Data were collected at room temperature using Cu Ka radiation (a=1.54178 Å).
With a further increase of the particles size, a continue reduction in hardness occurred and at highest particle size of 75µm, the hardness property was 3.70 GPa.
With increasing amount of carbon content, the bulk density and porosity increased, resulting in reduction of the microhardness values.

This effect leads to a reduction of flow stress, which is used to design an material property distribution adapted for the subsequent deep drawing process.
The intention is to simulate the temperature time characteristic as a function of the blank radius for a set of process parameters which then can be correlated with the Tmax-dependent material properties data determined in the preceding paragraph.
Due to the fact that both software packages do not offer an appropriate interface for data exchange a mapping algorithm was implemented.
Fig. 4 schematically shows the operating sequence and the data flow of this interface.
Simulation model for the deep drawing process of THTB The stress σ for the cup base fracture force is either the UTS given by the heat treatment depended material property data or the work hardening which is selected from the repository of the DZ for the analyzed element.

During ultrasonic drilling of titanium samples was found a significant reduction in the thrust, compared with drilling without ultrasound.
It can be seen that the greatest effect of the reduction of the axial cutting force is achieved with a drill message vibrations directed in the plane of the cutting edges.
Apparently, it is connected with the discontinuity of the process of cutting and reduction of chip thickness per a revolution of the drill, as shown in the theoretical research section.
Thus it is seen that in the case , where vibrations are directed in the plane of the cutting edges of the drill, the reduction effect is less pronounced.
The increasing of the amount of metal at unit length due to its smaller step with a relatively smaller thickness indicates on the one hand an increase of productivity and, on the other hand, the reduction of the cutting forces, which is confirmed by the data in Table. 1.

The final design is confirmed by finite element analysis (FEA), which evaluates each alternative's mechanical performance, manufacturability, with significant weight reduction—up to 35%—while preserving manufacturing viability and structural integrity.
Optimization was used to keep 30% of the original mass, ensuring a balance between weight reduction and performance.
The data points are color-coded and represent different materials, including ABS Plastic, Aluminum alloys (6061 and 7075), Inconel 625, Stainless Steel 316L, Titanium 6Al-4V.
Lightweight materials like ABS Plastic and Aluminum achieve lower masses but often exhibit lower safety factors, making them suitable for applications where weight reduction is prioritized over strength.
By combining generative design with topology optimization, it was possible to balance reliability and volume reduction while customizing design results to meet needs.

Under the FE model developed based on the data, the calculation results can forecast the potential slide zone and time.
The modelling can be developed in the special software based on the metrical data.
Meanwhile, the instruments and sensor installation, data transfer and obtain are easier than spot.
Through compare the data change to forecast the landslide.
Numerical simulation can obtain the better data and images under the natural shape.

When completely embedded a reduction of 86% in the piezoelectric response is expected.
Finite Element Analysis confirmed the obtained experimental data and a very good linearity in the response was observed.

Laser treatment is a promising technique for dental applications such as caries prevention, dental hypersensitivity reduction and improvement of bond strength of restoration materials.
Source satellites were subtracted from data.
c) A reduction in the organic content without significant changes in the mineral part of the laser treated enamel surfaces is observed by XPS analysis.
[6] JCPDS: Mineral powder diffraction file data book (International Centre for Diffraction Data, 2001) [7] A.E.

We explain our implemented filter algorithms developed into a programmable controller for the reduction of communication load.
PDU stands for Protocol Data Unit (i.e.
For first we tried to transfer the data through a GSM data call.
For this we need a GSM subscription for two-way data transfer, for data call.
With this algorithm we could stay over the maximum data rate, but all data can be received from the vehicle.

The total rolling force: (6) Rolling force in the elastic region: 　　　 (7) Elastic region of rolling force (8) Where: F—Rolling Force； —Rolling force in the plastic zone；—Rolling force in the elastic region；—Rolling force in Elastic compression zone；—Rolling force in Elastic recovery zone；—Strip thickness；—Tension per unit at the entrance；—Tension per unit of exit；—Friction coefficient；—Radius of roll flattening；—Rolling force of external friction effect parameters；—Reduction rate；—Poisson's ratio；—Young's modulus；—The impact of the entrance tension coefficient；—The impact of the exit tension coefficient.
　 (9)　 Where —The deformation resistance reverse calculation values；—Measured rolling force；—Measured strip thickness；—Measured per unit of tension；—Strip thickness；—Friction coefficient；—Radius of roll flattening；—stand number； In the expression，, and ，these　parameters can be directly measured by gauge meter and tension load cell. and　can　be gotten by　putting the　measured data　into the model.
Where，—the average deformation resistance；—material thickness；—the average thickness of the strip in the deformation zone；—entry thickness；—exit thickness；—the average reduction rate of total；—the average thickness of the impact factor；, —learning coefficient.
Measured values /MN Calculated values /MN Fig.3 Comparison between calculated and actual data after adaptive learning Fig.2 Comparison between calculated and actual data before adaptive learning Measured values /MN Calculated values /MN N=250 N=250 5 Conclusions (1) From the practical application of cold strip rolling deformation resistance reverse calculation model, we know that Newton iterative method can solve nonlinear equations quickly

The main aspects regarding the solidification of metallic composites processed by casting method based upon theoretical concepts, general knowledge about casting of composites and experimental data are discussed.
Table 2 The diminution of melt surface tension for different magnesium contents in aluminium melts Alloy Reduction of melt surface tension, [%] 2% Mg 4% Mg 6% Mg 8% Mg Unoxidized 3.61 6.14 8.10 9.70 Oxidized 3.99 6.66 8.68 10.3 On the other hand magnesium can react with alumina from melt surface forming different compounds like magnesia (for Mg>1.5%) or MgAl2O4 spinel (for Mg<1.5) [4].
The data presented in Table 3 show relatively small effect of this parameter and therefore, at usual temperatures, nonwetting to wetting transition does not occur.
Thus in Al-SiC system, using Rohatgi’s data, the contact angle reduction is only 4.8%.
Table 3 The diminution of melt surface tension for liquid aluminium at different temperatures Relationship Reduction of melt surface tension, [%] T = 700°C T = 800°C T = 900°C Shen 0.78 2.70 4.63 Keene 0.82 2.95 4.91 - heat treatment of dispersed material.