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Introduction Rotary forging is an effective method of reduction metal forming to produce a wide range of axisymmetric items [1-3].
Relative reduction is up to 70%.
a)b) Fig. 3 Distribution of accumulated strain in cross-section (first reduction): a – standard anvils e = 0.206; b – special-shaped anvils, e = 0.241 Analysis of the results showed that after the first reduction an extremely inhomogeneous strain state is formed, with the maximum value being observed at the center of the billet (e = 0.241), and regions with values ​​close to zero are observed at the periphery.
Thus, with the same relative reduction (70%), the maximum average values ​​of true strain are e ~ 0.7 (when using special-shaped anvils) and e ~ 0.45 (when using standard anvils).
Analysis of the structural states shows that the processing with special-shaped anvils ensures the formation of a more dispersed structural state, while the average size of the structure fragments (according to SEM data) is on average 6±1 μm, which is almost half the size of fragments obtained after processing using standard anvils.

With the reduction of water through the use of these additives, it is possible to make stronger gypsum mortar that is less porous and harder wearing [1].
Other researchers have noted this improvement in the performance of gypsum mixes, due to the reduction in the water/gypsum ratio, therefore reducing total pore volume and average pore diameter, offering a more compact internal structure [7].
According to the manufacturer's data, the gypsum currently used is 87.66% pure.
This reduction when admixtures are used, with respect to the value of the gypsum without any additive, suggests that interaction between the floccules is lower and, consequently, the fluidity of the mortar should be greater.
This reduction in plastic viscosity indicates that there are fewer floccules or that they are smaller.

The percentage K/S reduction of the stains on the finished fabrics was calculated according to Eq. (1).
The existence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the fabric was also confirmed in EDX mode (data not shown).
The results showed that the reduction of K/S values of all three stains on both PET and PLA fabrics finished with TiO2 nanoparticles was more than the unfinished counterparts.
At 72 h, K/S reduction (%) was calculated according to Eq. (1).
While PET and PLA fabrics without TiO2 gave only 52.86 and 47.79 % reduction, respectively.

Ferrite spinels are a group of ferromagnetic materials with a numerous technological applications, in areas such as biology, electronic, transport and information technology, data store, ferrofluids, soft magnets [2,3], electromagnetic energy absorber [4] and pigments [5] and catalyst [16].
The profile reduction to NiFe2O4 is changed to lowest temperature, indicating that the presence of nickel facilitate the oxide iron reduction.
However, the spinel phase can not reduce the temperature to values inferior to 900oC, as confirmed by integration of the reduction peak area.
So, the peak at 362oC could be interpreted as a superposition of NiO → Ni reduction, that generally appear at 330-420oC [21].
McNicol, in: Temperature Programmed Reduction for Solid Materials Characterization (edited by Marcel Dekker, New York, 1986)

Calculation Result of Maximum Displacement From the data of top floors, the displacement reduction rate of buildings with B. or C. does not always increase with buildings’ total floors increase.
And the reduction ratio is between 20% and 25% by setting constructional column or both of them.
The displacement reduction rate undulates between 6%~33%.
The reason of this reduction is that integral stiffness of constructional column and ring beam compared with that of masonry wall changes with the total storey increases.
And the reduction ratio is between 20% and 25%.

The result is a process cost reduction of about 40% respect to HIP process.
Pilot equipment design and realisation The process window parameters necessary for the design of the pilot-equipment (rolling speed; strain-rate; temperature; pressure etc.) has been defined initially by mean of literature data [3, 4] and experimental hot-compression tests including some pack-rolling tests.
The experimental tests results have been summarised in Fig.3 where are reported for comparison also the literature data available [5].
Force Force Cooling circuits Precursor Ti-MMC composite Ar Environment Rolling Chamber 700 725 750 775 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 975 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Arc-contact time (s) Temperature (°C) P=150 Mpa P=110 Mpa P=70 Mpa P=30 Mpa P=150 Mpa P=200Mpa P=400 Mpa P=600 Mpa HIP Literature Data Roll-Bonding Weak bonding Fig.3: Processing parameters Metallographic Analysis: Ti-MMC samples have been analysed by mean of optical and electronic microscope with electrodispersive spectrometer probe (SEM+EDS).
Our assessment on cost reduction has shown that the 40% in saving is possible and this fact could be a real chance for this class of expensive materials that are an opportunity for the next generation of titanium airplanes.

By mechanical tests and by metallographic investigation is warranted increased erosion resistance after cold plastic deformation and minimization the effect of reduction its to higher proportions of delta ferrite , due to higher chromium content.
Vibrorolling effect of the workpiece thickness Steel symbol Thickness Before hardening Thickness After hardening Reduction mm 98A/2F 30,1 28,4 1,7 29,8 27,5 2,3 29,6 27,8 1,8 81A/19F 30,2 28,1 2,1 29,5 27,7 1,8 29,8 27,8 2,0 Table 3.
However , the data shown in FIG. 2b shows that the losses are the most important in the period of 60-105 minutes.
Approximate shape and dispersion curves to these data points, the average depth of penetration, fig. 1 and the mean depth of penetration rate, fig. 1b, resulting in the following findings: - After 60 minutes of cumulative mass loss cavitation attack has a linear variation (loss approximately constant intermediate periods of attack); - Approximately symmetrical dispersion curve data points to approximate the average speed of erosion after 60 minutes shows that erosion is uniform with speed tends to stabilize at MDERs value = 11.718 μm / hour.; - From the first minutes of the attack cavitation are significant losses, which are due primarily δ ferrite, which destroys most easily under the impact of the shock waves and microjets generated cavitation bubbles to implode.

Micrographs of object clusters as a part of ferric oxide powders: а) 1 atm; b) 1 atm with H2O; c) 1 atm with H2O after annealing On the basis of the data presented in Fig. 2 and 3 it can be concluded that the highest specific magnetization (curve 1) is connected with the presence of sufficiently large particles and agglomerates, including large sinters (Fig. 3a).
The reduction of the specific magnetization (curve 2) can be explained by the appearance of a fine fraction between large particles (Fig. 3b).
Further reduction of the magnetization (curve 3) is connected with the appearance of a large amount of fine particles, which are combined in small agglomerates.
By investigating the specific magnetization of materials the dependence of its reduction by reducing the size of the magnetic nanoparticles is confirmed.

Traffic simulation technology is used to simulate traffic situation, and provide data base for selection and comparison of different proposals, whose most important problem to be solved is that simulation data can match with the actual situation.
To ensure the realistic of the simulation data, we use the method which is the organic combination between GA and SPSA to calibrate the simulation model.
Traffic micro-simulation technology can provide a experimental platform of the organic combination between road and traffic to get the traffic flow data which provide data base for working out the traffic management and control program[1].
By testing the effect of parameters on traffic flow data outputted (velocity, volume) from the model, we can obtain the data shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Compared calibrated before and after outputted data of traffic flow with real traffic flow data, the paper verifies the efficiency of application of traffic simulation technology in traffic management.

The aim of present work is reduction of time and cost in production process of organic aerogels.
The reduction of crosslink density causes reduction in gel modulus and consequently more shrinkage.
According to this mechanism, the higher polarity of ethanol than 2-propanol may lead to observing less drying shrinkage which is in contrast to experimental data.
The reduction of particle size leads to increase in the number of particles and consequently, smaller pore size.