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This technique involves physics, magnetic, ferromagnetic science, metal materials, plastic mechanics, fracture mechanics, signals and systems analysis and other disciplines.
Under the action of the external load and the geomagnetic field, the stress concentration areas of ferromagnetic materials will occur magnetic domain’s directional and irreversible re-orientation with the magnetostrictive nature, emerging on the surface of the ferromagnetic materials in the form of The leakage magnetic field.
According to the classical electromagnetic theory, he reckoned that the iron magnetic material in the spontaneous magnetization of the magnetic field derived from the material strain caused by the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, the spontaneous magnetization of ferromagnetic materials from non-symmetric elastic - plastic strain; and ferromagnetic swing, vibration, periodic back and forth, translation and rotation in the earth magnetic field will give rise to spontaneous magnetization within the component, depending on the degree of magnetization - demagnetization cycle times.
References [1] Dubov A A.A study of metal properties using the method of magnetic memory[J].Metal Science and Heat Treatment, 1997, 39(9-10):401-402
[8] Wen Weigang,Sa Shuli.The achievement and mechanism of Metal magnetic memory testing[J].JOURNAL OF NORTHERN IIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, 2002, 26(4): 67-70

Kjos 1,a , Geir Martin Haarberg1,b and Ana Maria Martinez2,c 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands vei 12, 7491 Trondheim (Norway) 2 SINTEF Materials and Chemistry, Sem Saelands vei 12, 7465 Trondheim (Norway) a ole.kjos@material.ntnu.no, bgeir.m.haarberg@material.ntnu.no, canamaria.martinez@sintef.no Keywords: titanium oxycarbide, anodes, voltammetry, molten chlorides, molten fluorides, electrolysis, liquid cathode.
The oxycarbide process [3-6] might be an alternative way to make titanium with cheaper raw materials, and a continuous electrodeposition process.
In the pure NaCl-KCl melt titanium was produced in the form of a very fine powder that did not adhere properly to any of the cathode materials used.
However at these conditions the use of Zn as a liquid cathode material is challenging.
Polyakov, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 359, p244-255, (2003) [8] K.

Introduction The research on aluminum alloy materials for drilling and production pipes began in the 1960s.
Experimental Materials and Procedures The experimental material was Al-Cu-Mg alloy extruded pipe with an outer diameter of 152mm and a wall thickness of 16mm.
Magnusen, The cyclic fatigue and final fracture behavior of aluminum alloy 2524, Materials and Design, 2002, 23: 129-139
Leonardo, Fatigue crack growth analysis of pre-strained 7475–T7351 aluminum alloy, International Journal of Fatigue,2006,28: 934–942
[14] Zhiyi Liu, Song Bai, Xuanwei Zhou, Yanxia Gu, On strain-induced dissolution of θ ' and θ particles in Al–Cu binary alloy during equal channel angular pressing, Materials Science and Engineering A, 2011, 528:2217–2222

The result is also known as multi material design (MMD).
If inserts are introduced during the subpreform assembly, sealing materials can be applied to the inserts at the same time.
To determine the materials that are worth considering for this case, several concepts have been examined experimentally in order to obtain information about their sealing capacities.
Hence, this technique can only be applied for glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) materials since they are capable of transferring light.
Nardari, Metal inserts in structural composite materials manufactured by RTM, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Toulouse (1998) 693-700

Effect of Oxygen on Phase Evolution in Al-Y2O3 Nanocomposites by Mechanical Alloying Tatsuaki Sakamoto1,a*, Yusuke Jinno2,a and Takebe Hiromichi1,b 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan 2Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan asakamoto.tatsuaki.mm@ehime-u.ac.jp, btakebe.hiromichi.mk@ehime-u.ac.jp Keywords: aluminum alloy, powder metallurgy, mechanical alloying, precipitation Abstract.
Sahin, Metals and Materials International, 27 (2021) 1662-1670
Anaee, Asian Journal of Chemistry, 26 (2014) 4469-4474
Kum, Metals and Materials, 2 (1996) 15-21
Sánchez, Materials, 17 (2024) 4818.

The roughness depends on the surface coating materials and machining methods. 3) The surface hardness of the gasket and the hubs.
Contact stress should not be too large to exceed yield stress of the hub material.
Material selection and test requirements The gasket material characteristic is critical in sealing.
Jiao, etc: Journal of Petrochemical University, Vol. 24 (2011) No.3, p. 75 (In Chinese)
Hart: Advances in Underwater Technology, Ocean Science and Offshore Engineering, (Springer,1987) [5] Joe R.

Hermle, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, SI: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics (SiliconPV 2015), 142 (November 2015): 123–27
Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, SI: SiliconPV 2014, 131 (Dezember 2014): 85–91. doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2014.06.003 [5] W.
Rebien, Materials Science and Engineering B73 (2000) 178
IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 5,( 2015) 1-5
Hattori, Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Science 20 (4) (1995) 339.

Introduction Energy is the material foundation of economy growth and society development; sustainable energy development is related to the overall situation of China’s economy and society.
Literature [6] analyzed the restrictive factors in the development of China coal industry and introduces the problem and challenges in the continuous development of coal science.
Journal of Natural Resources, 2009, 24(8):1402-1411
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013, 307: 455-458
Development direction of China coal science and technology during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" [7].

Preface Continuous casting mold powder is one of the continuous casting three materials, it have a significant impact on the slab surface quality and process stability.
Conclusions - Fluorine-free protective slag used in low C peritectic steel continue casting mold was successfully developed when the appropriate amount of strong fluxing material of Na2O, Li2O, B2O3 etc. were added into based slag of R = 1.04.
Journal of university of science and technology 2011, Vol.33,No.5:544-549 [3]X.
Jouranal of chongqing university(natural science edition), Vol.34(2011),No.1:66-71 [4]F.

This is accomplished by using, where possible, cultural, biological, and mechanical methods, as opposed to using synthetic materials, to fulfill any specific function within the system.
Firstly, China has a large arable land and rangeland area suitable for the development of organic agricultural development, especially in the vast mountain areas which provide the raw material resources.
Stokstad: Science Vol. 296(2002), p. 1589
Mäder: International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability Vol.5 (2007), p. 25–38
Fan: Trends in Food Science & Technology Vol. 20 (2009), p. 396-401.