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Online since: September 2011
Authors: Cheng Kun Liu, Run Jun Sun, Zhao Huan Zhang, Mei Yu Chen
Structure and Performance in the Compacting Process of Polyacrylonitrile Fiber
Zhaohuan Zhanga, Runjun Sunb, Meiyu Chenc, Chengkun Liud
School of Textile & Materials, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710048, P.R.
By compacting process, a mass of micropore formed in coagulation bath[3,4] are eliminated and the structure of as-spun fiber is compacted.
In addition, the uneven structure between skin and core formed by the fast evaporation at higher temperature may cause lower strength as well.
This suggests that the structure of fiber has little change after 90s.
Birch: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 29 (1990), p. 1640 [6] S.
By compacting process, a mass of micropore formed in coagulation bath[3,4] are eliminated and the structure of as-spun fiber is compacted.
In addition, the uneven structure between skin and core formed by the fast evaporation at higher temperature may cause lower strength as well.
This suggests that the structure of fiber has little change after 90s.
Birch: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol. 29 (1990), p. 1640 [6] S.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Tai Long Gui, Si Da Jiang, Chun Cheng Ban, Jia Qing Liu
The crystal structure of the as-deposited thin-films is amorphous,then it transforms from blende structure to wurtzite structure as the rapid thermal annealing(RTA) temperature changes from 600 to 1200℃.
Annealing on the Crystal Structure and the Refractive Index of the Film.
It can be seen a sharp diffraction AIN wurtzite structure peak, this time in the film no c-A1N.
When the annealing temperature was increased to 800℃, film particles will have sufficient energy to adjust the position of the crystal structure of the film and began move to lower energy wurtzite structure transition wurtzite structure, the crystals of the film.
References [1] T.Naoyuki, M.Yoriko, N.Takato: Investigations of structure and morphology of the AIN nano-pillar crystal films prepared by halide chemical vapor deposition under atmospheric pressure [J].Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids,2006,67(4):665---668
Annealing on the Crystal Structure and the Refractive Index of the Film.
It can be seen a sharp diffraction AIN wurtzite structure peak, this time in the film no c-A1N.
When the annealing temperature was increased to 800℃, film particles will have sufficient energy to adjust the position of the crystal structure of the film and began move to lower energy wurtzite structure transition wurtzite structure, the crystals of the film.
References [1] T.Naoyuki, M.Yoriko, N.Takato: Investigations of structure and morphology of the AIN nano-pillar crystal films prepared by halide chemical vapor deposition under atmospheric pressure [J].Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids,2006,67(4):665---668
Online since: October 2017
Authors: Elias Saion, Abdul Halim Shaari, Khamirul Amin Matori, Naif Mohammed Al-Hada, Josephine Liew Ying Chyi, Anwar Ali Baqer
The structure of ceria is cubic.
In relation to the structure, CeO2 is observed to be more stable than Ce2O3.
The findings indicate that the structure of the synthesised CeO2 is face-centred cubic.
P., Spadaro, L., Frusteri, F., & Arena, F, "Promoting effect of CeO2 in combustion synthesized Pt/CeO2 catalyst for CO oxidation," The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 107, pp. 6122-6130, 2003
Y., Sakata, T., & Mori, H, "Characterization of cerium (IV) oxide ultrafine particles prepared using reversed micelles," Chemistry of Materials, vol. 9, pp. 2197-2204, 1997
In relation to the structure, CeO2 is observed to be more stable than Ce2O3.
The findings indicate that the structure of the synthesised CeO2 is face-centred cubic.
P., Spadaro, L., Frusteri, F., & Arena, F, "Promoting effect of CeO2 in combustion synthesized Pt/CeO2 catalyst for CO oxidation," The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 107, pp. 6122-6130, 2003
Y., Sakata, T., & Mori, H, "Characterization of cerium (IV) oxide ultrafine particles prepared using reversed micelles," Chemistry of Materials, vol. 9, pp. 2197-2204, 1997
Online since: January 2011
Authors: Jian Hua Wang, Shuen Liang, Yan Yan Wang, Chun Rong Tian, Xiu Li Zhao
Introduction
Polyurethane (PU) is a sort of polymers whose molecule chains are composed of repeating units containing carbomate groups (-NHCOO-), and it's quite versatile because its structure can be designed conveniently.
Various molecular chain species, such as poly(ethylene glycol) [12 (PEG)], poly(ε-caprolactone)[9,12] (PCL) and poly(lactic acid)[13] (PLA), with different structure and property, can be introduced in back bone of PU material, conferring PU material adaptable degradability and mechanical property.
However, dynamic mechanical properties of PTMG/BDO/MDI reference PUF are quite different from PEG/PCL/BDO/HDI system samples, owing to structure differences between HDI and MDI.
Liu: Polyurethane Foam (3rd Edition), (Chemistry Industry Press, Beijing, 2005)
Hashimoto: Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry Vol. 42 (2004), p. 2766~2773 [12] K.
Various molecular chain species, such as poly(ethylene glycol) [12 (PEG)], poly(ε-caprolactone)[9,12] (PCL) and poly(lactic acid)[13] (PLA), with different structure and property, can be introduced in back bone of PU material, conferring PU material adaptable degradability and mechanical property.
However, dynamic mechanical properties of PTMG/BDO/MDI reference PUF are quite different from PEG/PCL/BDO/HDI system samples, owing to structure differences between HDI and MDI.
Liu: Polyurethane Foam (3rd Edition), (Chemistry Industry Press, Beijing, 2005)
Hashimoto: Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry Vol. 42 (2004), p. 2766~2773 [12] K.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Qing Wang Liu, Zhen Zhong Fan, Li Feng Zhang
Reaction principle
Lignin (LS) is abundant in plant tissues,and a natural polymer,whose structure is more complex,since there is no ideal structure model.LS does not dissolve in water, but has a good solubility in water which generated by high temperature sulfonation of calcium lignosulfonate.
The molecular structure of lignin sulfonation generated Ca-LS is more complex,and it contains various characteristics of functional groups, such as methoxy, Jing-based,double bond, the tunnel key, carboxylic, aromatic sulfonic acid groups.
References [1] Yuxiang Li and so on:Oilfield Chemistry in Chinese,1995(1)
[2] Xiaoquan Wang and so on:Oilfield Chemistry in Chinese,1991(1)
The molecular structure of lignin sulfonation generated Ca-LS is more complex,and it contains various characteristics of functional groups, such as methoxy, Jing-based,double bond, the tunnel key, carboxylic, aromatic sulfonic acid groups.
References [1] Yuxiang Li and so on:Oilfield Chemistry in Chinese,1995(1)
[2] Xiaoquan Wang and so on:Oilfield Chemistry in Chinese,1991(1)
Online since: September 2018
Authors: R.L. Roman, E.M. Turmena, L. Nagi, L.L. Silva, S.C. Fernandes, J. Dal Magro, J.M.M. Mello, Márcio Antônio Fiori
The conductivity of polyaniline is dependent on the doping level of the same, and is also linked to the thickness of the layer formed on the electrode, since the diffusion of ions through the polymer structure, directly affects its conductivity [11,12].
In Fig. 3b it is possible to visualize a schematic structure of this electrode.
Ag/AgCl) in 20 ml PBS, 0.1 M, pH 6.8 solution and oxidation sequence for another 330 seconds. b) Schematic structure of the n-Si/PAni/HRP electrode.
Kailasa: Royal Society of Chemistry Vol. 6 (2016), 47741
Iwuoha: Pure Applied Chemistry Vol. 81 (2009), 123
In Fig. 3b it is possible to visualize a schematic structure of this electrode.
Ag/AgCl) in 20 ml PBS, 0.1 M, pH 6.8 solution and oxidation sequence for another 330 seconds. b) Schematic structure of the n-Si/PAni/HRP electrode.
Kailasa: Royal Society of Chemistry Vol. 6 (2016), 47741
Iwuoha: Pure Applied Chemistry Vol. 81 (2009), 123
Online since: January 2013
Authors: S. Sulaiman, M.K.A.M. Ariffin, T.S. Hong, N.A. Mustafa
These works have primarily focused on the performance of boric acid’s unique layered inter-crystalline structure makes it very promising solid lubricant material because of its relatively high load carrying capacity and low steady state friction coefficient.
Previous study indicated that boric acid’s unique layer inter-crystalline structure makes it a very promising solid lubricant material because of its relatively high load carrying capacity and low steady state friction coefficient.
This is because of the formation of a boric acid film on the surfaces is lubricious and functioned due to its layered crystal structure and unique bond characteristics. 4.
Chemistry and Tecnology of Lubricants, 3rd Edition, Chapter 8 Industrial Lubricants page 280, Springer Science, (2010)
Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, (2011)
Previous study indicated that boric acid’s unique layer inter-crystalline structure makes it a very promising solid lubricant material because of its relatively high load carrying capacity and low steady state friction coefficient.
This is because of the formation of a boric acid film on the surfaces is lubricious and functioned due to its layered crystal structure and unique bond characteristics. 4.
Chemistry and Tecnology of Lubricants, 3rd Edition, Chapter 8 Industrial Lubricants page 280, Springer Science, (2010)
Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, (2011)
Online since: September 2016
Authors: E.V. Litvinova, J.G. Mingazheva, V.V. Krymsky
Ore has changeable structure, different conductivity and own defects.
The structure of again formed connections may be characterized by three levels of process course of structural and phase transformations.
We will give some his reactions with elements of ore structure [12].
Pomianowski, Cyclic voltammetry of ethyl xanthate on a natural copper sulphide electrode, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry. 46 (1973) 411-420
Woods, The oxidation of ethyl xanthogenate on platinum, gold, copper and galena electrodes: Relation to the mechanism of flotation, The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 75 (1971) 354-362
The structure of again formed connections may be characterized by three levels of process course of structural and phase transformations.
We will give some his reactions with elements of ore structure [12].
Pomianowski, Cyclic voltammetry of ethyl xanthate on a natural copper sulphide electrode, Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry. 46 (1973) 411-420
Woods, The oxidation of ethyl xanthogenate on platinum, gold, copper and galena electrodes: Relation to the mechanism of flotation, The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 75 (1971) 354-362
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Nadras Othman, Ismail Hanafi, N.H.H. Shuhaimi, S. Sasidharan
This is due to the structure of NR whose has double bond in the main chain which can easily be attacked by heat [14].
For elongation at break, all NR compounds showed a similar pattern (Table 3) before and after aging process due to the same NR structure which gives same high elongation [7].
Sentheshanmuganathan, Some aspects of lipids chemistry of natural rubber, Proceedings International Rubber Conference (1975), 457–469
Rojruthai, Molecular Structure of Natural Rubber and Its Characteristics Based on Recent Evidence, Biotechnology - Molecular Studies and Novel Applications for Improved Quality of Human Life, Prof.
Journal of Food Chemistry. 80 (2003) 275-282
For elongation at break, all NR compounds showed a similar pattern (Table 3) before and after aging process due to the same NR structure which gives same high elongation [7].
Sentheshanmuganathan, Some aspects of lipids chemistry of natural rubber, Proceedings International Rubber Conference (1975), 457–469
Rojruthai, Molecular Structure of Natural Rubber and Its Characteristics Based on Recent Evidence, Biotechnology - Molecular Studies and Novel Applications for Improved Quality of Human Life, Prof.
Journal of Food Chemistry. 80 (2003) 275-282
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Ying Hui Ren, Feng Qi Zhao, Wen Li, Jian Hua Yi, Ji Rong Song, Xiao Hong Wang
Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of 2-Nitroimino-5-Nitro-Hexahydro-1,3,5-Triazine (NNHT)
RENYing-Hui 1,2,a ZHAO Feng-Qi, 1,a LI Wen a YI Jian-Hua 1,a
SONG Ji-Rong 2,3,c WANG Xiao-Hong 1,a
1 Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065,P.R.China
2 School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, P.
Its synthesis, single crystal structure, and macroscopical decomposition reaction kinetics of NNHT were carried out and reported in literature [9-14].
The basic structure and atom number of NNHT is shown in Scheme 1.
Scheme 1 The basic structure and atom number of NNHT Equipment and conditions.
Ph.D.Dissertation, Xi’an: Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute(2011)
Its synthesis, single crystal structure, and macroscopical decomposition reaction kinetics of NNHT were carried out and reported in literature [9-14].
The basic structure and atom number of NNHT is shown in Scheme 1.
Scheme 1 The basic structure and atom number of NNHT Equipment and conditions.
Ph.D.Dissertation, Xi’an: Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute(2011)