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Influence of Mineral Admixture on Concrete Abrasion Resistance Yan Xie1, 2, a, Bin Yu3, 2, b, Xiaomei Wu2, c and Yueming Fan2, c 1 Faculty of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China 2School of Materials Science Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China 3Guangzhou Tianda Concrete Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510220, China ayanshary@gmail.com, byubin19@21cn.com,cimxmeiwu@scut.edu.cn Keywords: Concrete; Mineral Admixture; Abrasion Resistance.
Experiment materials and method Properties of Portland cement P42.5R, fly-ash and slag are presented in table 1, table 2 and table 3.
Table 4 Mix proportions of concrete NO. w/b Fly-ash(%) Material dosage(Kg/m3) Cement Fly-ash Sand Aggregate Water FDN FH0 0.50 0 350 0 734 1101 175 4.90 FH1 10 315 35 734 1101 175 4.90 FH2 20 280 70 734 1101 175 4.90 FH3 30 245 105 734 1101 175 4.90 FL0 0.31 0 500 0 579 1176 155 7.50 FL1 10 450 50 579 1176 155 7.50 FL2 20 400 100 579 1176 155 7.50 FL3 30 350 150 579 1176 155 7.50 Table 5 Abrasion resistance index of concrete NO.
Table 6 Mix proportions of concrete NO. w/b Slag(%) Material dosage(Kg/m3) Cement Fly-ash Slag Sand Aggregate Water FDN MH1 0.50 0 280 70 0 734 1101 175 4.90 MH2 15 297.5 70 52.5 734 1101 175 4.90 MH3 30 245 70 105 734 1101 175 4.90 ML1 0.31 0 400 100 0 579 1176 155 7.50 ML2 15 325 100 75 579 1176 155 7.50 ML3 30 250 100 150 579 1176 155 7.50 Table 7 Abrasion resistance index of concrete NO.
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Fly ash and slag is the present commonly used admixture in concrete, is generally the local material to use to protect the environment and save the construction cost, but also improve the compressive strength and the performance of concrete, it has good market prospects, is the Department of housing listed as one of ten new technology of construction industry[1].
Material The 42.5MPa ordinary Portland cement was used in this test.
Shandong building materials，2004，25(2)：37～39.
Journal of Pingdingshan Institute of Technology, 2007,16（4）：46~47.
(in Chinese) [6] Zeng Linjun,Zhu Hehua ,Yan Zhi Guo Yao.Application of ultrasonic in evaluating fire- res is tant performance of fiber reinforced concrete [J].China Building Materials Science & Technology，2006，（2）：18~22.

The basic principle that solar thermal uses is to gather solar radiation energy with a collector, then turn it into thermal energy for utilization by interaction with materials.
Existing problems of solar energy industry development Imbalance on solar energy technique development and backward in photovoltaic generation technique Utilization of solar thermal energy, relatively maturely developed in our country, is in leading position on technique and market of same kind worldwide, but utilization of solar thermal energy mainly concentrates in traditional water heater aspect and makes no breakthroughs in technique fields of solar thermal generation, polymer materials and combination between solar energy and architecture, strong in industry but weak on scale compared with developed countries.
Basic research, material research, application research, industrialization research, market development and cultivation and construction funds can’t be guaranteed constantly in long term.
Guangdong baiyun college journal, 2007, 14(2): 113-117 [5] Huifen Liu, Zhanzhong Shi.
Science Technology and Engineering , 2008，8(22): 6062-6070 [6] Song Gao, Hongjuan Hou.

Typically used structures are from polymers or other soft materials with the main advantage of an inherent safety.
Fig. 1: Linear movement of an earthworm (left, 0) and agonist/antagonist setup of muscles (right, 0) To complement already studied materials like polymers, the research, discussed in this paper, investigates shape memory alloys (SMA) towards their applicability in soft robotics.
-G.; Schlegel, H.; Walther, M.; Zimmermann, P.; and Bucht, A.: New Concepts for distributed actuators and Their Control, Soft Robotics Transferring Theory to Application, Springer, pp 19-32, 2015 [4] Seok, S.; Onal, C.O.; Wood, R.; Rus, D.; and Kim, S.: Peristaltic locomotion with antagonistic actuators in soft robotics, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, 2010 [5] Hino, T.; Maeno, T.: Development of a Miniature robot Finger with a Variable Stiffness Mechanism using Shape Memory Alloy, Queretaro, Mexico, 2004 [6] Newell, G.E.: The role of the coelomic fluid in the movements of earthworms, Journal of Experimental Biology, 27:110-122, 1950 [7] Menciassi, A.; Gorini, S.; Pernorio,G.; Dario,P.: A SMA Actuated Artificial Earthworm, IEEE Internaltional Conference on Robotics and Automation 2004 Proceedings ICRA 04 2004 4: 3282-3287 Vol.4 [8] Liu, C.Y.; Liao, W.H.: A Snake Robot Using Shape Memory Alloys, Proceedings of the IEEE, International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, Shenyang, China,
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In the modeling process, there are some differences in the boundary conditions of calculation software, physical properties of materials and the operating state of the real bridge.
The initial finite element model is mainly explained as follows: (1)This article chooses solid45 element to simulate concrete material of box girder in order to better close the actual structure and observe each beam segment in the late prestressed and related load case , especially the stress distribution of zero beam segment.
(2) In order to study that prestressed reinforcement has an impact on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge structure, this article selects link8 unit to simulate longitudinal prestressing steel strand material ,and it uses the initial strain method to apply prestressed
It meets the changing trends of physical properties for concrete materials under the normal using.
Journal of applied mechanics, 2009,26(2):288-296,in chinese [6] Yi Bo Studios.ANSYSY 9.0 classic products advanced analysis techniques and instance details[M].

However, massive materials have to be removed from the forged cylinder of hydrogenation reactor in the process of rough machining.
With the optimal cutting parameters of v=50m/min, f=0.5mm/r, ap=1.2mm, the amount of material removal reached to the maximum in this study
Acknowledgements The projects are supported by National 863 Program (2009AA044302), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (2009ZRB01385) and University Self-innovation Program of Jinan.
Journal Harbin Univ.
ZHOU, Al2O3 based nanocomposite ceramic cutting tool material and its cutting performance.

The concrete material of the dam and was assumed to be homogeneous and linear-elastic.
Different constitutive models of material of concrete structures (i.e. concrete damage plasticity model) are usually applied in analyses of strong earthquakes [6, 7].
The assumed properties of material in three different zones are indicated in Table 1.
Dulinska: Importance of ground motion spatial variability effects on earth dam, International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, vol. 05, no. 01 (2012), p. 1-9
Dulinska: Cooling tower shell under asynchronous kinematic excitation using concrete damaged plasticity model, Key Engineering Materials, Vol. 535-536, 2013, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, pp. 469-472, doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.535-536.469.

In addition, under the situation that global resources and environmental problems become increasingly serious, we should vigorously advocate sustainable development and production of green material, so it is inevitable to wider use for recycled concrete [1].
Then, in turn, making nine test cubes size of 150mm×150mm×150mm test cube compressive strength and elastic modulus of materials.
Effects of constitutive relationship influents significantly finite element analysis, so for concrete materials use multiple linear model MISO, the ascent stage uses norms[13] of formula (1), and the descent stage uses Hongnestad formula (2); constitutive relation of joist rebar uses BKIN model.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51068004), Guangxi Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (11-cx-04).
Journal of Guangxi University, Vol. 38(2013), p.1, in chinese

Introduction Circular saw blade is a kind of important cutting tool used in the machining of stones, ceramics and other non-metal crisp and hard materials, which has some advantages such as high efficiency and high precision.
Layer damping material is copper alloy, damping loss factor is, and Poisson’s ratio is 0.3, the elastic modulus is.
Journal of Sound and Vibration,188(1995) 745-752
Sadhana-Academy Proceedings in Engineering Science, 38(3) 491-511 [5] Mingsong Zhang, Puxian Zhu, Jianjun Ke and Yikuan Zhu.
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Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the National Social Science Funds of China (08BTQ023) and self-determined research funds of CCNU from the colleges’ basic research and operation of MOE (CCNU10B01002).
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