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Filling Pattern of Step Gating System in Lost Foam Casting Process and Its Application Hong Zhou 1,a, Li Heng Luo2,b 1Department of Materials Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, China 2No.28 Primary School of Panzhihua Municipal, Panzhihua, China apzhu_zhouhong@163.com, bpzhu_luoliheng@163.com Keyword: Step gating system, Auxiliary sprue, Filling pattern, Lost foam casting, Numerical simulation Abstract: To explore application of step gating system in LFC, filling process of two types of step gating system was simulated, their filling patterns were found, and several engineering examples were analyzed basing on these patterns.
This study selected cast iron as cast material, its parameters [8] include: density of 7.0 g·cm-3, specific heat of 6.28E+6 cm2·s-2·K-1, conductivity of 4.19E+6 g·s-3·K-1, thermal expansion of 1.3E-3 cm·K-1, liquidus temperature of 1783.3 K, solidus temperature of 1733.3 K, latent heat of fusion of 2.72E+9 cm-2·s-2, pour temperature of 1833.3 K.
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 182 (2007), p.333
(in Chinese) [8] C.W.Hirt and M.R.Barkhudarov: MODELING THE LOST FOAM PROCESS WITH DEFECT PREDICTION ( Flow Science, Inc., U.

Materials and Methods 2.1 Chemical and standards Extraction and chromatography solvents, acetonitrile, methanol, ethyl acetate were of certified HPLC and ACS grade were purchased from Mallinckrodt-Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA).
Louis, USA). 2.2 Samples preparation The Echinocactus grusonii at age 3 and 6 years collected in Chorn’s Cabin Garden, Pathumthani province, Thailand was used as raw material.
Powder such as this is typical of raw material utilized for manufacture of extracts and/or dietary supplement product from Echinocactus grusonii 2.3 Preparation of acetonitrile extract of Echinocactus grusonii The Echinocactus grusonii powder of about 1 g was extracted with 25 ml portions of acetonitrile in an ultrasonic bath at 100% power at temperature of 25 °C for 20 min [14].
Chaijareonudomroung,Y.Huantanom and A.Oonsivilai, Extraction condition of Echinocactus grusonii, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Journal. 70 (2010) 366- 369
Viljoen, High performance thin layer chromatography as a method to authenticate Hoodia gordonii raw material and products, S.

Introduction Use of biodiesel has become attractive in recent years because of its environmental benefits as compared to fossil fuels and also due to the fact that there are limited fossil fuel reserves globally, which will exhaust in the coming years due to ever increasing demand for the same[1].The common raw material for preparing biodiesel including colza oil, cottonseed oil, soybean oil, Jatropha oil, palm oil or frying oil, wasting oil, et al.
Most of catalysts are inactivation after times of recycle, and it needs the forward treatment to remove free fatty acid and water from the raw materials[6].
Experiment Materials, reagents and instruments The raw transgenic soybean oil used in the transesterification reaction is of commercial.
H., “Nano KF/γ-Al2O3 catalyzed transesterification of soybean oil for biodiesel production by using ultrasonic irradiation”, Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 41(3), 883-889(2010)

Preparation and basic characterizations of alginate-chitosan hydrogel Nan Xing 1,2,a, Feng Tian 1,b, Jian Yang 1,c and Yukun Li 2,d 1 Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.
China 2 Chinese Medical Equipment Journal, Tianjin 300161, P.
Materials and methods 2.1 Materials Sodium alginate (the viscosity for a 1% (w/v) solution at 20℃ is 200cp) was purchased from Sanpu chemical industry Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).
The peak of physical mixture appears to be combination of each material but it is different from that of scaffolds probably because complexation of polyelectrolytes will result in new chemical bonds [21].

Materials and methods Animals.
Acknowledgment This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 30873100) and the Henan Tackle Key Problems in Medical Science and Technology Foundation of China (Project No. 200803020 and 200903014).
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 147-150 (2002), 27

One main extension of the basic VRP is the vehicle routing problem with pickup and delivery service (VRPPD) which often encountered in commercial applications, in logistics and public transit where expect for transporting goods from the distribution point to the customer population, materials must also reversely flow from the customers back to the distribution point [1].
Transportation Science Vol. 14 (1980), p. 130-54
Transportation Science, Vol. 29 (1995), p. 107-21
ORSA Journal on Computing, Vol. 1(1989), p.190-206.

Research on micro inclusions of SS400 steel in slag washing process Shuoming Wang1,a, Yanpeng Huo1,b, Shumin Wang2,c 1College of Metallurgy and Energy, Hebei United University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Modern Metallurgy Technology, Hebei Tangshan, 063009, China 2Tangshan Vocational College of Science and Technology, Hebei Tangshan, 063000, China awsm_ts@163.com, bhuoyanpeng123123@163.com, cwangshumin216@163.com Key words: slag washing process; SS400 steel; micro inclusions Abstract: The variations of T[O] and [N] as well as non metallic inclusions in different working processes of two kinds of SS400 steel production process in Han Group are studied systematically by tracing experiment, systematic sampling and integrated analyzing.
The high efficient slag washing materials developed by the research and development team can not only effectively decrease the inclusions, but also greatly reduce production cost to save energy and lower pollutants discharge.
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2003, (1), 26-29,In chinese [5] H J Guo.

The elastic modulus of steel E is 1.8334 × 105MPa, Poisson's ratio μ is 0.3, the rest taken from the plate tensile experimental data, the steel constitutive relationship shown in Fig. 1, steel material mechanical properties shown in Table 1.
Fig.1 The steel constitutive relationship Fig.2 The finite element model Table 1 Steel material mechanical properties member fy（MPa） fu（MPa） εy（%） εst（%） εu (%) E(105MPa) beam 297.05 435.25 0.162 1.483 11.003 1.83364 column 295.65 448.27 0.1877 1.69 12.110 1.57512 bracing 254.97 413.43 0.142 1.94 10.144 1.79556 Using ANSYS preprocessing establish finite element model of the specimen, taking into account the link beam will produce large plastic deformation, and thus the link beam and its nearby areas, local grid refinement.
Engelhardt: Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 131 (1984) No.12, pp.1526-1535
Building science, Vol. 20 (2004) No.4, pp.14-18.
Cai: Xi’an Univ. of Arch. & Tech (Natural Science Edition), Vol. 38 (2006) No.3, pp.379-383.

Material of sample: middle carbon steel.
Cutting tool material: YT15; cutter geometry: orthogonal rake=15°, orthogonal clearance =7°, cutting edge angle =45°, end cutting edge angle =15°.
Science. 1980, P.107 [6] Yunyi Y. , Zheng W.
Journal of Chongqing University (Natural Science Edition).

Table 1 Operations Processing Time Information (h) Job Operation M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 J1 1-1 5 7 - - - - - - - - 1-2 - - 8 10 - - - - - - 1-3 - - - - 5 8 - - - - 1-4 - - - - - - 10 11 - - 1-5 - - - - - - - - 8 7 J2 2-1 8 9 - - - - - - - - 2-2 - - 10 13 - - - - - - 2-3 - - - - 10 12 - - - - 2-4 - - - - - - - - 8 7 J3 3-1 7 9 - - - - - - - - 3-2 - - 11 12 - - - - - - 3-3 - - - - 8 10 - - - - 3-4 - - - - - - 14 13 - - 3-5 - - - - - - - - 9 8 J4 4-1 10 13 - - - - - - - - 4-2 - - 11 9 - - - - - - 4-3 - - - - 10 12 - - - - 4-4 - - - - - - - - 8 7 Table 2 Worker-Machine Information Worker M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 W1 √ √ - - - - - - - - W2 - √ √ - - - - - - - W3 - - √ √ - - - - - - W4 - - - - √ √ - - - - W5 - - - - - √ √ - - - W6 - - - - - - - √ √ - W7 - - - - - - - - √ √ Table 3 Other Parameters of All Jobs Jobs J1 J2 J3 J4 Raw materials cost (Yuan) 200 300 300 200 Duedate (h) 50 50 70 50 Punish cost before deadline (Yuan·h-1) 20 20 20 20 Punish cost of delay
“Intelligent optimization for job shop scheduling of dual-resources,” Journal of southeast university (Natural Science Edition), vol.35, no.3, pp376-381, 2005
Science Technology and Engineering, vol.10, no.15, pp3734-3740, 2010