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Journal Citation (to be inserted by the publisher) Copyright by Trans Tech Publications Carbon Isotope Ratio Measurement on Foxtail Seed as an Environmental Index Soo Young Park and Jin Seog Kim Division of Chemical Metrology and Materials Evaluation, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, P.O.
According to a recent report [6], the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the air was approximately 375 μmol/mol and its carbon isotope 13C was depleted by about 0.8 % relative to the reference material, Pee Dee Belemnite, δ13C = 0.
(1) To measure the carbon isotope ratio of the foxtail seeds, we used three reference materials, NBS 19 limestone (+1.95 ‰), NBS 22 Crude oil (-29.73 ± 0.09 ‰), and KRISS RM 100C (-28.17 ‰).

Introduction Steel is the important strategic resources of our national economy development, and iron ore is the main raw material of the steel industry development.
Table 1 The analysis results of composition of run-of-mine ore Chemical Composition Fe2O3 CaO MgO SiO2 Al2O3 MnO Others Content[%] 59.68 30.64 3.94 3.35 1.30 0.7 0.39 Table 2 The analysis results of phase of iron Iron phase Mmagnetic iron Haematite and limonite Pyrites Silicate iron Total The iron content [%] 0.00 32.48 0.20 2.52 35.20 Distribution rate[%] 0.00 92.27 0.57 7.16 100.00 Table 3 The analysis results of mineral composition of run-of-mine ore (mass%) Mineral name Specularite Hematite Calcspar Quartz Shale material percentage composition[%] 34 12 48 3 3 It is shown in the Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 that excepts the main iron minerals, the others are mainly gangue mineral rocky mineral of Calcareous class and the content of quartz is low.
The ore is mainly composed of specularite, hematite and calcite, and it has a low quantity of Shale material and quartz, specularite and hematite are the main ore minerals in the ore, the total content is more than 46%; and the main gangue mineral rocky mineral are calcite and a small quantity of shale material and quartz.
The fine particle of specularite is nearly 0.003mm, mainly inlay shale fossil by fine particle, the particle of hematite is minuteness, it’s between 0.001mm to 0.003mm, it presents as smalls cryptocrystalline, mixed with hidden mass muddy limestone crystal and Shale material, constitute a massive tectonic.
Testing Investigation on the Reduction/Magnetic Separation of Oxide Ore from Bayan Obo[J], Journal Of Northeastern University(Natural Science) , Vol.31（2010),P.886-889

Recent years, with the advancement of computing science, finite element technology and optimized design technology, the finite element technique has been adopted by many researchers to conduct design calculation and optimization of the design on axle housing.
Simulation Results and Analysis In this paper material of the drive axle housing is 16Mn steel and the thickness is 12mm.
According to the Material manual, its elastic modulus E = 2.01×105MPa, Poisson's ratio v = 0.3, material density is 7850kg / m and the yield limit 780Mpa.
Under the full load conditions, the drive axle housing stress is in the range that material allowed and it can meet the strength and stiffness requirements.
International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management, 2010,(03)

The difference of critical value between the case of load acting at the Fig.3 Dimension of extruded product (mm) Element type Tetrahedral Temperature (�) 480 Ram speed (mm/sec) 2 Friction factor 0.9 Billet diameter (mm) 63.5 Materials Al 6061 Velocity error limit 0.005 Convergence error Force error limit 0.05 Table 1 Major parameters setting of FE-simulation centroid of cross section and the case of load acting at the top surface of beam decreases with increasing length of fin.
If the dimension and material property of die fins are given, it is easy for the die designer to decide whether the dimension of die fins will buckle or not during extrusion process.
Acknowledgments The authors would like to extend their thanks to the National Science Council of the Republic of China under grant No.NSC 93-2212-E-110-008.
S., Stability of Monosymmetric Beams and Cantilevers, Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, No ST1, Proc.
[8] Hwang Y.M., Chen H.C., Hwang P.T. and Wu C.Y., Finite Element Analysis and Die Design for Extrusion of Complex-Shaped Parts, Key Engineering Materials Vols274-276, pp655-660, 2004

A New Design of Underwater Robot Fish System Using Shape Memory Alloy Peihua HUANG1,a, Jian WANG2,b 1Binzhou University department of Computer and Science Shandong, China 2The Sencond Artillery Petty Officer School Shandong, China ahuangqrnu@126.com, bustc009@hotmail.com Keywords: Shape Memory Alloyt; Underwater; Robot Fish Abstract.
The best way to solve these problems is to use intelligent materials such as Piezoelectric (PZT), Shape Memory Alloy(SMA), Ionic Polymeric Metal Composites(IPMC).
There are many reasons why the SMA is the most attractive material.
The surface is covered with elastic film instead of hermetic materials due to the fact that the SMA springs need water to cool them in order to fasten working frequency.
DRUCKER1,LAUDER2“A HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS SPEED: WAKE STRUCTURE AND LOCOMOTOR FORCE IN SLOW ” The Journal of Experimental Biology 203, 2379–2393 (2000) [3] K.lkuta, “Micro/Miniature Shape Memory Alloy Actuator” in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Vol.3.pp. 2156-2161, Los Alamitos, CA, May. 1990 [4] KojiIkuta.

Introduction Micro metal droplet printing technologies have been put under the spot light these years because of its application in manufacturing and material processing.
Using DOD method, droplet can be generated only when it is needed so that materials can be utilized with a high efficiency.
Acknowledgments: Project Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 51075090.
Li: Modeling and characterization of metal droplets generation by using a pneumatic drop-on-demand generator, in: Journal of Materials Processing Technology(2010) [2] C.

Straka, Possibilities to the Determination of the Measurement Capability of Digital Calliper, Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara - International Journal of Engineering 10 (2012) 143-146
Rimár, Simulation Study of Two Alternative Workstations for Pressure Die-Casting Process, Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (2012) 660-664
Pandová, Optimalization of Heat Treatment Bearings Rings With Goal to Eliminate Deformation of Material.
Mineral resources management, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakov. 25 (2009), pp. 23-33
Čačko, Experimental measurement and examination of independent and combined interaction of vibrodiagnostic and tribotechnical methods, in: Applied Mechanics and Materials: Operation and Diagnostics of Machines and Production Systems Operational States. 308 (2013) 51-56

Materials and Methods Development of Experimental Apparatus An experimental programme was conducted to assess the efficiency of EKS when applied to soft clay soil.
The EKS model apparatus consisted of tank made of non-conductive material (PVC-U sheet) to prevent short circuiting.
The electric current variations with treatment time for the same type of electrode are comparable with Liaki [10] who reported that the current initially increase at about 14 mA, while it then drops within the first 100 hours of treatment, as resistant of the materials increases and the voltage was set at the constant level.
Abdul Kadir: Stabilisation of soft soil using electrokinetic stabilisation method, International Journal of Zero Waste Generation (2013)
Yeung: Contaminant Extractability by Electrokinetics, Environmental Engineering Science, vol. 23 (1), (2006) p. 202 – 224

Use of integrated simulation and experimentation to quantify impact damage Mara Feligiotti1,a, Erwin Hack 1, George Lampeas2, Weizhuo Wang3, John Mottershead3 and Richard Burguete4 1Laboratory Electronics/Metrology/Reliability, EMPA, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland 2Laboratory of Technology and Strength of Materials, Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics dept., Univ.
This step might include sample preparation, the provision of test coupons from the material under study, or the definition of the testing area of an actual structure that returns from service.
Priolo: Composites Science and Technology Vol.69 (2009), pp.1699-1709 [4] C.
Wisnom: Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 24-25 (2010), pp. 109-114 [5] W.
Patterson, Shape features and finite element model updating from full-field strain data, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2010, in press [6] G.

Introduction The slab filled with Disused Expanded Polystyrene Plastic(DEPP)[1] is one kind of cast-in-place floors which places processed molding DEPP in the floor’s neutral axis location according to certain arrangement rules to save materials, decrease self weight and highly improve its functions such as heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation.
In brief, with the same size and material strength and reinforcement, the mechanical performances of the ordinary hollow slab and the unidirectional slab filled with DEPP under the same load fit very well.
The unidirectional slab filled with DEPP is able to save materials and enhance economical efficiency in the premise of guaranteeing the mechanical performances as the ordinary hollow slab.
Zhang, Research and discussion of EPS packing slab, Henan University of Technology journal, 2006,18 (1),p.1-4, in Chinese
Science Press, 2001, in Chinese.