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In the recent researches of Al-Ti-B master alloy’s refinement mechanism, the interaction of metal compounds including TiB2, TiAl3 and AlB2 are considered a direct contact to refinement, the shape, size and distribution of those metal compounds are greatly influences the refining effect[1].
Photomacrograph of vertically sectioned Al castings obtained after addition of Al–3.45Ti–1.55B master alloy of 0.2wt-%.[15] LiNa Yu [16] added Al-5Ti-B and Al-3Ti-0.15C to pure industrial aluminum separately and found precipitates of Titanium compounds both.
Study on refinement mechanism of Al-Ti-B and Al-Ti-C master alloys in Aluminum and its alloy [D].
Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys. 2012, 32(3):203-207.
Grain refinement mechanisms of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys[J].

The clays are compounds of high porosity and abundant in nature, therefore, this work aimed at carrying out a prospective study of the use of palygorskite as catalytic support for TiO2 on the degradation of the bentazone herbicide.
Palygorskite (PALI) is a non-metallic clay mineral abundant in nature and has a huge capacity for adsorbing organic compounds, in addition to low cost, physical/chemical stability and non-toxicity [7].
Zhang: Journal of Alloys and Compounds 657 (2016), p. 801
Maury: International Journal of Photoenergy Vol. 2013 (2013), p. 1
Wan: Journal of Nanoparticle Research Vol. 16 (2014), p. 2281

Chemical composition of A6061 alloys (wt %) [6].
Schematic TIG process between A6061 alloys and 304 stainless steel. 3.
The micro-structure between welding-seam and A6061 alloys plate was shows in figure 2(a).
Furuya. - Growth manner of intermetallic compounds at the weld interface of steel/aluminum alloy lap joint fabricated by a defocused laser beam, Materials Transactions, 48 (2007) 1396–1405
Nogi. - Arc ignitability, bead protection and weld shape variations for He-Ar-O2 shielded GTA welding on SUS304 stainless steel, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209 (2009) 1231-1239.Al–Mg alloy sheet, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209 (2009) 5475–5480.

One-step martensitic transformation is observed in quenched TiNiCe ternary alloys, which is the same as that in quenched TiNi binary alloys.
The transformation temperature of TiNi alloys varies dramatically with composition and the addition of a third element to replace Ni and/or Ti has a substantial effect on phase transformation behavior of TiNi alloys[1].It is well known that adding rare earth elements can refine the grain size and improve the mechanical properties of various alloys and intermetallic compounds [2, 3].
There are some studies about rare earth elements added to shape memory alloys such as Cu-based SMAs, NiAl SMAs, Fe-based SMAs and NiMnGa alloys with the aim to refine the grain and improve the mechanical properties [4-7].
The aim of this paper is to study the effect of Ce addition on microstructure and martensitic transformation of a Ti-rich TiNi shape memory alloy.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 437 (2007), p. 339

Dense precipitation of various intermetallic compounds is a common feature in the microstructure of Al-Si piston alloys.
The aim of this work is to study the formation of Ni, Fe, and Mn-containing intermetallic compounds by substituting Fe and Mn for Ni in 3HA alloy.
The addition of iron and Manganese causes the formation of primary and co-eutectic Fe-rich intermetallic compounds in 3HA-MF and 3HA-HF alloys.
This stage of solidification in piston alloys is usually accompanied by the formation of a variety of different complicated compounds.
The lower hardness of LM13 alloy is because of the lower alloying elements and the lower volume fraction of intermetallic compounds.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biodegradability of different magnesium based alloys in a simulated body fluid through the evaluation of hydrogen released rate [11,12].
It was found that the size of the compounds is positioned relatively uniform at grain boundaries, differing only in their form.
Conclusion The aim of this paper was to present a systematic investigation on three different magnesium alloys from different system (Mg-Ca, Mg-Zn-Ag).
Lee, Effect of a small addition of zinc and manganese to Mg–Ca based alloys on degradation behavior in physiological media, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 629 (2015) 274–283
Design strategy for microalloyed ultra-ductile magnesium alloys for medical applications.

This work aims to study the conditions in which tungsten carbide can be produced by mechanical alloying method.
This article aims to study the effect of balls size, rotation speed of the mill as well as the grinding cycle on the carburizing of tungsten trioxide by mechanical alloying.
J. of Alloys and Compounds 312 (2000) 315-325
Yazdani-Rad, A novel technique for production of nano-crystalline mono tungsten carbide single phase via mechanical alloying, J. of Alloys and Compounds 509 (2011) 6683-6688
Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 28 (2010) 623–627.

The aim of this work is to study the effect of the sintering temperature with different volume ratio of natural carbon fibers reinforced copper-zinc alloy via powder metallurgy route.
The aim of this work is to study the effect of the sintering temperature with different composition of reinforcing agent, natural carbon fibers to enhance the uniform reinforcement between carbon fibers and embed matrix copper alloy composites.
By enhance the wetting behavior of carbon fibers with copper alloy compounding promoting to improve its uniform distribution of carbon fiber reinforcements to the metal.
Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 26(18), pp. 1893-1906
Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 6(3), pp. 63-68 [7] Geethamma, V.G., Thomas Mathew, K.

Defects such as cracks coupled with brittle intermetallics compounds were not detected at the interface of dissimilar materials by metallographic analysis.
There are a lot of fields of aircraft engineering where welding of nickel and titanium alloys is necessary to reduce specific weight of components.
However there are problems in welding this type of materials that are often associated to metallurgical incompatibility and formation of brittle compounds at the interface of welded joints [2, 3].
Copper does not form any brittle intermetallics compounds with Ni, Fe, Cr and C.
Thus the aim of current research is production of composite titanium/Ni-based alloy by explosive welding method using tantalum/copper as interlayer.

The main attention is paid to synthesis of heat-resistant materials based on intermetallic compounds of nickel and titanium and niobium silicides as well as tungsten-free hard alloys based on titanium and chromium carbides.
The mixtures of niobium oxide with Al, Si, Ti, Hf or its compounds are used to synthesize heat-resistant materials based on Nb-Si with alloying agents Hf, Ti, and Al.
Moore, Synthesis of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds by combustion synthesis, Solid-State Phenomena. 25 26 (1992) 225-232
Bose, Development of carbothermy for the preparation of hepta chromium carbide, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 297 1–2 (2000) L1-L4
McCormick, Effect of milling conditions on the synthesis of chromium carbides by mechanica lalloying, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 256 (1997) 258-262.